| 词条 | Geography of the Central African Republic |
| 释义 |
The Central African Republic is a landlocked nation within the interior of the African continent. It is bordered by the countries of Cameroon, Chad, Sudan, South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo. Much of the country consists of flat, or rolling plateau savanna, about {{convert|1640|ft|m|0}} above sea level. In the northeast are the Fertit Hills, and there are scattered hills in the southwestern part of the country. To the northwest are the Karre Mountains (also known as Yade Massif), a granite plateau with an altitude of {{convert|3750|ft|m|0}}. At {{convert|622984|km2|sqmi|0}}, the Central African Republic is the world's 45th-largest country (after Somalia). It is comparable in size to Ukraine or slightly smaller than the state of Texas. Much of the southern border is formed by tributaries of the Congo River, with the Mbomou River in the east merging with the Uele River to form the Ubangi River. In the west, the Sangha River flows through part of the country. The eastern border lies along the edge of the Congo-Nile watershed. Estimates of the amount of the country covered by forest ranges up to 8%, with the densest parts in the south. The forest is highly diverse, and includes commercially important species of Ayous, Sapelli and Sipo. The deforestation rate is 0.4% per annum, and lumber poaching is commonplace. Climate{{Expand section|date=August 2010}}The climate of the C.A.R. is generally tropical. The northern areas are subject to harmattan winds, which are hot, dry, and carry dust. The tip of the northern regions have been subject to desertification. The remainder of the country is prone to flooding from nearby rivers. About 1/3 of the Central African Republic’s population do not have access to clean water. NotesLocation:Central Africa, north of Democratic Republic of the Congo Area - comparative:
total: 5,920 km border countries: Cameroon 901 km, Chad 1,556 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 1,747 km, Republic of the Congo 487 km, Sudan 174 km and South Sudan 1,055 km Coastline:0 km (landlocked) Maritime claims:none (landlocked) Terrain:vast, flat to rolling, monotonous plateau; scattered hills in northeast and southwest Elevation extremes:lowest point: Oubangui River 335 m highest point: Mont Ngaoui 1,420 m Natural resources:diamonds, uranium, timber, gold, petroleum, hydropowerLand use:arable land: 2.89% permanent crops: 0.13% other: 96.98% (2012 est.) Irrigated land:1.35 km² (2003) Total renewable water resources:144.4 km3 (2011) Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):total: 0.07 km3/yr (83%/17%/1%) per capita: 17.42 m3/yr (2005) Natural hazards:hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds affect northern areas; floods are common {{anchor|Environmental issues}}Environment - current issues:tap water is not potable; poaching has diminished its reputation as one of the last great wildlife refuges; desertification Environment - international agreements:party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified:Law of the SeaGeography - note: landlocked; almost the precise center of Africa Extreme pointsThis is a list of the extreme points of the Central African Republic, the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location.
References{{CIA World Factbook}}{{Central African Republic topics}}{{Geography of Africa}}{{Africa topic|Climate of}}República Centro-Africana#Geografia 1 : Geography of the Central African Republic |
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