| 词条 | Gunnedah |
| 释义 |
| type = town | name = Gunnedah | state = nsw | image = Gunnedah-NSW-Australia 2005-12-01 IMG 0814.JPG | caption = Gunnedah viewed from Mount Porcupine | alternative_location_map = Australia New South Wales LGAs | image_alt = | relief = | coordinates = {{coord|30|58|0|S|150|15|0|E|display=inline,title}} | pushpin_map_caption = | pushpin_label_position = | map_alt = | pop = 9726 | pop_year = {{CensusAU|2016}} | pop_footnotes = [1] | poprank = | density = | density_footnotes = | established = 1856 | established_footnotes = | abolished = | gazetted = | postcode = 2380 | elevation = 264 | elevation_footnotes = | area = | area_footnotes = | timezone = | utc = | timezone-dst = | utc-dst = | dist1 = 66 | dir1 = W | location1 = Tamworth | dist2 = 332 | dir2 = NW | location2 = Sydney | dist3 = 98 | dir3 = SE | location3 = Narrabri | dist4 = 113 | dir4 = E | location4 = Coonabarabran | lga = Gunnedah Shire | seat = | region = North West Slopes | county = Pottinger | division = | stategov = Tamworth | fedgov = Parkes | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | visitation_footnotes = | managing_authorities = | url = | maxtemp = 24.6 | maxtemp_footnotes = | mintemp = 12.2 | mintemp_footnotes = | rainfall = 636.9 | rainfall_footnotes = | near-n = Boggabri | near-ne = Manilla | near-e = Carroll | near-se = | near-s = Curlewis | near-sw = | near-w = Mullaley | near-nw = | footnotes = }} Gunnedah {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɡ|ʌ|n|ə|d|ɑː}}[2] is a town in north-eastern New South Wales, Australia and is the seat of the Gunnedah Shire local government area. In the {{CensusAU|2016}} the town recorded a population of 9,726.[1] Gunnedah is situated within the Liverpool Plains, a fertile agricultural region, with 80% of the surrounding shire area devoted to farming. The Namoi River flows west then north-west through the town providing water beneficial to agricultural operations in the area. The Gunnedah area is a significant producer of cotton, coal, beef, lamb and pork, and cereal and oilseed grains. Gunnedah is also home to AgQuip, Australia's largest annual agricultural field day.[3] Gunnedah is located on the Oxley and Kamilaroi Highways providing convenient road links to much of the northern sector of the state including to the regional centre Tamworth, {{convert|75|km|mi}} distant. The town has a station on the Mungindi railway line and is served by the daily NSW TrainLink Xplorer passenger service to and from Sydney and Moree. It claims the title "Koala Capital of World". In recent years the local shire council has moved away from this promotional tagline and there are concerns over the health of the local koala population and the impacts of climate change and local mining developments on koala habitat. HistoryGunnedah and the surrounding areas were originally inhabited by Aborigines speaking the Kamilaroi (Gamilaraay) language. The name of the town in Kamilaroi means "Place of White Stones".[4] The area now occupied by the town was settled by European sheep farmers in 1833 or 1834. With settlement in the area focused on wool production, Gunnedah was initially known as 'The Woolshed' until taking its name from the local Indigenous people who called themselves the Gunn-e-darr,[5] the most famous of whom was Cumbo Gunnerah. Dorothea Mackellar wrote her famous poem My Country (popularly known as I Love a Sunburnt Country) about her family's farm near Gunnedah.[5][8] This is remembered by the annual Dorothea Mackellar Poetry Awards for school students held in Gunnedah. The town is the home town of supermodels Miranda Kerr and Erica Packer. Coal was discovered on Black Jack Hill in 1877.[6] By 1891, 6,000 tons of coal had been raised from shafts. The Gunnedah Colliery Company was registered in May 1899 and by 22 June a private railway some {{convert|5.7|km|mi}} in length had been completed from the railway station to their mine. In September 1957, the Government Railway took over the working of the line.[7] In early 2012, Gunnedah experienced a mining boom resulting in rental properties being leased by mining companies for up to $1,350 per week.[8] Heritage listingsGunnedah has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
PopulationAccording to the 2016 census of Population, there 9,726 people in Gunnedah.
GeographyGunnedah Shire is situated {{convert|264|m|ft}} above sea level on the Liverpool Plains in the Namoi River valley. It is very flat; the tallest hills are {{convert|400|to|500|m|ft}} above sea level. The climate is hot in summer, mild in winter and dry, although rainstorms in catchment areas occasionally cause flooding of the Namoi River. Major floods cut transport links to the town, briefly isolating it from the outside world. The town is located on a rich coal seam and within the northern New South Wales wheat belt.[10] The Gunnedah area is noted for its abundance of native wildlife, including kangaroos, echidnas and koalas. Koalas can often be found in trees within the town, as well as in the surrounding countryside with the help of signs placed by the local tourist centre. The koala population is considered to be the largest koala colony in the state, west of the Great Dividing Range.[10] ClimateGunnedah has a Humid subtropical climate with temperatures regularly rising above 40 °C in summer and dropping below 0 °C in winter, being one of the few Australian towns to experience temperature variations like this.{{citation needed|date=April 2014}} This is partly due to the town's location on the boundary region between the cool Northern Tablelands of the Great Dividing Range and the hot, dry Western Plains of New South Wales, having climate characteristics of both regions. Its average annual rainfall is {{convert|636.9|mm|1|abbr=on}},[11] which is spread throughout the year, however severe thunderstorms in the summer months often cause heavy downpours which boost rainfall totals. {{Weather box |location = Gunnedah |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan record high C = 45.9 |Feb record high C = 46.5 |Mar record high C = 41.5 |Apr record high C = 35.8 |May record high C = 28.8 |Jun record high C = 24.6 |Jul record high C = 24.6 |Aug record high C = 31.2 |Sep record high C = 34.2 |Oct record high C = 39.1 |Nov record high C = 43.1 |Dec record high C = 46.1 |year record high C = 46.5 |Jan high C = 32.0 |Feb high C = 31.1 |Mar high C = 29.1 |Apr high C = 25.2 |May high C = 20.4 |Jun high C = 16.9 |Jul high C = 16.1 |Aug high C = 18.0 |Sep high C = 21.5 |Oct high C = 25.3 |Nov high C = 28.5 |Dec high C = 31.1 |year high C = 24.6 |Jan low C = 18.9 |Feb low C = 18.7 |Mar low C = 16.7 |Apr low C = 12.8 |May low C = 8.7 |Jun low C = 6.1 |Jul low C = 4.8 |Aug low C = 5.8 |Sep low C = 8.6 |Oct low C = 12.2 |Nov low C = 15.2 |Dec low C = 17.5 |year low C = 12.2 |Jan record low C = 8.5 |Feb record low C = 8.9 |Mar record low C = 4.1 |Apr record low C = 2.4 |May record low C = -1.2 |Jun record low C = -2.9 |Jul record low C = -3.6 |Aug record low C = -2.6 |Sep record low C = -0.3 |Oct record low C = 1.5 |Nov record low C = 3.3 |Dec record low C = 5.3 |year record low C = -3.6 |rain colour = green |Jan rain mm = 84.2 |Feb rain mm = 71.9 |Mar rain mm = 42.6 |Apr rain mm = 39.0 |May rain mm = 43.9 |Jun rain mm = 41.3 |Jul rain mm = 42.2 |Aug rain mm = 35.6 |Sep rain mm = 41.3 |Oct rain mm = 56.6 |Nov rain mm = 67.5 |Dec rain mm = 71.2 |Jan rain days = 6.0 |Feb rain days = 5.3 |Mar rain days = 4.0 |Apr rain days = 3.5 |May rain days = 4.3 |Jun rain days = 4.7 |Jul rain days = 4.9 |Aug rain days = 4.6 |Sep rain days = 4.7 |Oct rain days = 5.9 |Nov rain days = 6.1 |Dec rain days = 6.5 |unit rain days = 1mm |humidity colour = green |Jan humidity = 56 |Feb humidity = 61 |Mar humidity = 59 |Apr humidity = 61 |May humidity = 70 |Jun humidity = 76 |Jul humidity = 75 |Aug humidity = 68 |Sep humidity = 61 |Oct humidity = 56 |Nov humidity = 54 |Dec humidity = 52 |year humidity = 62 |source 1 = Bureau of Meteorology[11] |date=March 2013}} EducationGunnedah has two secondary schools being Gunnedah High School and St Marys College. There are also five public primary schools, Gunnedah South Public School, Gunnedah Public School, St Xaviers Catholic School, G.S. Kidd Memorial School and Carinya Christian School. A campus of the New England Institute of TAFE is also located within the town.[12] MediaLocal media include the Namoi Valley Independent newspaper and the radio stations 2MO and 2GGG. 2MO began broadcasting in 1930 and was only the fourth Radio Licence issued in Australia, being the first station established in Australia outside a capital city.[13] TransportThe Oxley Highway and the Kamilaroi Highway both pass through Gunnedah, for a short distance, concurrently. The Oxley Highway leads to Tamworth in the east and Coonabarabran to the west. The Kamilaroi Highway leads to Quirindi to the south-east and Boggabri to the north-west. Railway stationGunnedah railway station is situated on the Mungindi (or North West) railway line, {{convert|475|km|mi}} from Sydney.[14] The station, opened in 1879, consists of a substantial station building on a single side platform, a passing loop and small goods yard. There are also sidings serving an adjacent flour mill. To the west of the station there are extensive sidings serving grain silos and loop sidings serving coal loading facilities. For a brief three-year period after the railway arrived in Gunnedah it was the railhead until construction was completed to Boggabri and then to Narrabri South Junction in 1882. Currently a single daily Xplorer diesel railmotor operating between Sydney and Moree serves the station.[15]Notable Gunnedahians{{div col |colwidth=30em}}
See also{{Portal|New South Wales}}
References1. ^1 2 {{Census 2016 AUS|id=SSC11812 |name=Gunnedah (State Suburb) |accessdate=3 December 2017 |quick=on}} 2. ^Macquarie Dictionary, Fourth Edition (2005). Melbourne, The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd. {{ISBN|1-876429-14-3}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.farmonline.com.au/events/agquip/home/feature/664|title=Commonwealth Bank AgQuip Field Days|website=www.farmonline.com.au|access-date=2016-08-15}} 4. ^ http://www.visitgunnedah.com.au/index.php/play/lookouts 5. ^1 Gunnedah {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823015038/http://about.nsw.gov.au/view/suburb/Gunnedah/ |date=23 August 2011 }}. About New South Wales. Retrieved 19 March 2013. 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/heritageapp/ViewHeritageItemDetails.aspx?ID=4801179 |title=Gunnedah Railway Station |work=NSW heritage search |publisher=New South Wales Government |accessdate=17 March 2013 }} 7. ^A Short History of the Gunnedah Colliery Co. Ltd. Railway Eardley, Gifford Australian Railway Historical Society Bulletin, March 1977 pp58-67 8. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.news.com.au/money/property/mining-boom-is-strangling-heart-of-gunnedah/story-e6frfmd0-1226298825863 |title=Mining boom is strangling heart of Gunnedah |author=Peter Lorimer |accessdate=17 March 2013 |date=14 March 2012 |work=news.com.au |publisher=News Limited }} 9. ^{{cite NSW SHR|5012046|Gunnedah Railway Station group|hr=01160|accessdate=18 May 2018}} 10. ^1 2 {{Cite news |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/New-South-Wales/Gunnedah/2005/02/17/1108500193684.html |title=Gunnedah |accessdate=19 March 2013 |date=8 February 2004 |newspaper=Sydney Morning Herald |publisher=Fairfax Media }} 11. ^1 {{BoM Aust stats|site_ref=cw_055024_All|site_name=GUNNEDAH RESOURCE CENTRE|accessdate=11 December 2016|date=8 December 2016}} 12. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.gunnedah.nsw.gov.au/index.php/residents-community/education-schools|title=Education & Schools|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=Gunnedah Shire Council|access-date=15 August 2016}} 13. ^{{Cite web|url=http://radioitsalovething.com.au/RIALT/media/RIALT/Audio/NSW-ACT_Gunnedah.pdf|title=2MO Commercial Radio Market Profile|last=|first=|date=2005|website=|publisher=Commercial Radio Australia Ltd|access-date=15 August 2016}} 14. ^Gunnedah Railway Station. NSWrail.net. Accessed 1 April 2008. 15. ^{{Cite New South Wales transport timetables|North West Region}} 16. ^http://aww.ninemsn.com.au/news/newsstories/8719258/james-packer-divorces-erica-baxter 17. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/people/girl-from-gunnedah-to-leave-others-in-her-wake/2007/06/18/1182019036450.html | work=The Sydney Morning Herald | title=Girl from Gunnedah to leave others in her wake}} External links{{commons category-inline|Gunnedah, New South Wales}}
5 : Towns in New South Wales|North West Slopes|Populated places established in 1833|1833 establishments in Australia|Gunnedah Shire |
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