| 词条 | Harvard Library | |||
| 释义 |
| library_name = The Harvard Library | library_logo = | image = Reading Room, Langdell Hall, Harvard University, Cambridge MA.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Reading Room in Langdell Hall | country = United States | established = 1638[1] | location = Cambridge, Massachusetts | num_branches = 73 | collection_size = 18.9M[2] {{small|(2013)}} | req_to_access = | annual_circulation = 733,890[2] {{small|(2013)}} | pop_served = | budget = {{US$|160M|link=yes}} {{small|(2014)}} | director = Sarah Thomas | num_employees = 922 FTEs[3] | website = Harvard Library Portal }} The Harvard Library system comprises about 76 libraries,[4] with more than 18 million volumes. It is the oldest library system in the United States and the largest university library and largest private library system in the world.[5][6] Based on number of items held (including musical scores, maps, prints, recordings, etc.), it is the fifth largest library in the United States; based only on volumes (generally books), it is the third largest, after the Library of Congress and Boston Public Library.[7] HistoryHarvard's library system grew due to donations from prominent individuals, John Harvard being one of them. John Harvard was a Puritan minister who accumulated 400 books spreading word of his faith. These volumes were left to Harvard, initiating the library's collection. The works in this collection soon became obsolete, as Harvard Library quickly changed to an academic institute and found little need for the theological titles. The location of the library changed over time. Originally it was in the Old College building. In 1676, the library was moved to Harvard Hall, which was where it remained until the building burnt down during the fire in 1764. The fire of 1764 destroyed the entire collection. Quickly after, a new Harvard Hall was built and 15,000 books were collected to create the new library.[8] As time went on space became limited in Harvard Hall, and the library was moved to Gore Hall in 1841. Eventually, Gore Hall was no longer suitable and the books were moved elsewhere in 1912. Around this time, the library spread into more than one building. Some of the libraries were devoted to specialized topics.[9] Over the next century the library grew to become the largest in America, but on January 24, 1764, a major fire destroyed almost all of Harvard's books and scientific instruments. All of the books in the library at the time of the fire were completely burned. The books that had been loaned out when the fire occurred were the only portion of the collection that remained.[9] Books and donations were offered by friends of the college to replace its collections. An eccentric Englishman, Thomas Hollis V of Lincoln's Inn, London, (great-nephew of one of the University's early benefactors), began shipping thousands of specially chosen volumes to the University Library. Hollis continued to send books regularly until his death in 1774 and he also bequeathed £500 for a fund to continue buying books. This became Harvard's first endowed book fund, and is still actively increasing the collections every year. Harvard Library's online catalog, HOLLIS[10] (a bacronym for "Harvard On-Line Library Information System"), is named after him. Some of the books have been digitized within the Google Books Library Project,[11] which was begun as a project developed with leadership and oversight by former Director Sidney Verba. On August 1, 2012, a new Harvard Library organization began operations, designed to improve a fragmented system of 73 libraries across Harvard's Schools with one that promotes University-wide collaboration. Functions that occur within all libraries—Access Services, Technical Services and Preservation Services—were unified to enable greater focus on the needs of the user community. The new structure was developed from recommendations of the Task Force on University Libraries and the Library Implementation Working Group.[12] PublicationsBy 1973, the Harvard Library had authored or published over 430 volumes then in print, as well as nine periodicals and seven annual publications. Among these is a monthly newsletter, The Harvard Librarian, as well as a quarterly journal, the Harvard Library Bulletin. The latter was established in 1947, and was dormant from 1960 until being revived in 1967.[13] Organizational structureThe Harvard Library is the formal name for an administrative entity within the central administration of the University that has responsibility for central library services and policy.[14] {{As of|2013|8|df=US}}, Sarah Thomas is the current vice president for the Harvard Library and the Roy E. Larsen Librarian of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. The Harvard Library consists of:
GovernanceLibrary Visiting CommitteeVisiting Committee members are experts and Harvard alumni who are appointed by the Corporation. The Committee oversees the strategy and administration of the Harvard Library on behalf of the Overseers. Bi-annual visits and regular updates by the Office of the Provost provide an opportunity for Visiting Committee members to understand and advise on the Harvard Library's progress. Library BoardThe Library Board is charged with reviewing the strategic plans of the Harvard Library and assessing its progress in meeting those plans, reviewing system-wide policies and standards and overseeing the progress of the central services. The provost chairs the Library Board (established in December 2010) and the Office of the Provost is responsible for overseeing the Harvard Library. The Harvard Library Board is composed of six permanent members and five rotating members who serve three years each, with their initial terms staggered. The permanent members are the provost, the Carl H. Pforzheimer University Professor and the deans or designees from the following Schools: the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard Business School, Harvard Law School and Harvard Medical School. The rotating members consist of three at-large, tenured faculty members, as well as deans or designees from the Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard Graduate School of Design, Harvard Divinity School, Harvard Graduate School of Education, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Radcliffe Institute. Faculty Advisory CommitteeThe establishment of the Harvard Library Faculty Advisory Council in 2011 brought together faculty from across the University. The Council advises the Library Board and the two groups meet together twice a year. Robert Darnton, Pforzheimer Professor, is the chair and James Engell, Gurney Professor of English Literature, is the vice-chair. Library Council on Student ExperienceEstablished in 2012, the Library Council on Student Experience is a joint council consisting of librarians and students from across the University who identify and work together on University-wide priorities identified by the Council for improving the student library experience. The Council is co-chaired by a librarian appointed by the vice president for the Harvard Library and by a student elected from the student council members. Students and librarians are nominated by the School library directors and selected by the Office of the Provost. Other members include representatives from the Tell Us project, the Berkman Institute and Harvard Library Shared Services. Terms are for two academic years. The Council makes recommendations to and is supported by the vice president for the Harvard Library. Library Leadership TeamThe Harvard Library Leadership Team is responsible for planning, prioritizing and implementing joint Library initiatives. The team works with the vice president for the Harvard Library to develop and implement Library-wide strategy and policy approved by the Board. In collaboration with the Library IT Steering Committee it prioritizes new technology initiatives. In collaboration with the Innovation Working Group it prioritizes innovations to be scaled. Chaired by the vice president for the Harvard Library, the Team includes library directors from the ten schools and the Radcliffe Institute, the Affinity Group heads, the managing director of Library Technology Services (HUIT), the Office of Scholarly Communications, the Harvard Library shared services heads, the HL chief financial officer, the Harvard Library director of communications and the Harvard Library senior program manager. List of Harvard University librariesThis list covers the Harvard College libraries, the Faculty of Arts and Science libraries, and the libraries of other Harvard faculties. In addition, Harvard University has a large number of special libraries, house libraries and affiliated libraries.
Librarians{{col-begin}}{{col-1-of-3}}
See also{{Portal|Libraries}}
References1. ^{{cite web|title=About the Harvard Library|url=http://library.harvard.edu/about-us|work=Harvard Library|publisher=Harvard University|accessdate=January 16, 2013|author=Harvard Library|date=Feb 14, 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130107120414/http://library.harvard.edu/about-us|archivedate=January 7, 2013|df=}} -->2. ^1 {{cite web|title=Harvard Library Annual Report FY 2013 |url=http://library.harvard.edu/annual-report-fy-2013 |date=2013 |website=Harvard Library |author=Harvard University |accessdate=March 17, 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Harvard University Fact Book|url=http://www.provost.harvard.edu/institutional_research/Provost_-_Harvard_Fact_Book_2009-10_FINAL_new.pdf|publisher=Harvard University|accessdate=July 29, 2011|author=Office of Institutional Research|page=21|format=pdf|year=2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723162517/http://www.provost.harvard.edu/institutional_research/Provost_-_Harvard_Fact_Book_2009-10_FINAL_new.pdf|archivedate=July 23, 2011|df=}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/find-library|title=Find A Library {{!}} Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu|language=en|access-date=June 14, 2018}} 5. ^{{cite book |last=Pezzi |first=Bryan |title=Massachusetts |publisher=Weigl Publishers |year=2000 |page=15 |isbn=1-930954-35-2}} 6. ^{{cite book |last=Karl |first=Thomas |authorlink=Thomas R. Karl |title=Toward an Earth Science Enterprise Federation: Results from a Workshop |publisher=National Academies Press |year=1998 |page=27 |isbn=0-309-06134-2}} 7. ^American Library Association, "ALA Library Fact Sheet 22 – The Nation's Largest Libraries: A Listing by Volumes Held". October 2012. 8. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/277203534|title=The library : an illustrated history|last=1948-|first=Murray, Stuart,|date=2009|publisher=Skyhorse Pub.|isbn=1602397066|location=New York, NY|oclc=277203534}} 9. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Burke|first1=Sarah K.|title=Bookish fires: the legacy of fire in the Harvard libraries |url=http://library.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/HLPS_fire_history.pdf|website=Harvard Library |accessdate=October 26, 2014}} 10. ^https://images.hollis.harvard.edu/primo-explore/search?vid=HVD_IMAGES&lang=en_US&sortby=rank 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://hul.harvard.edu/hgproject/index.html|title=Harvard University Library : Harvard-Google Project|website=hul.harvard.edu}} 12. ^http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic1341444.files/Library_TaskForce_WorkingGroup_Recommendations.pdf 13. ^{{cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gylGncmh8hcC&pg=PA332|chapter=Harvard University Library|editor-first=Allen|editor-last=Kent|editor2-first=Harold|editor2-last=Lancour|editor3-first=Jay E.|editor3-last=Daily|title=Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science, Volume 10: Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science: Volume 10 - Ghana: Libraries in to Hong Kong: Libraries in|publisher=CRC Press|year=1973|isbn=9780824721107}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://hul.harvard.edu/|title=Harvard Library|website=hul.harvard.edu}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/fal|title=Fine Arts Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/fun|title=Fung Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/mus|title=Eda Kuhn Loeb Music Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/toz|title=Tozzer Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/bir|title=Birkhoff Mathematical Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 20. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/mck|title=Gordon McKay Library and Blue Hill Meteorological Observatory Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/che|title=Chemistry and Chemical Biology Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/chi|title=Child Memorial Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/mcz|title=Ernst Mayr Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/gro|title=Grossman Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/his|title=History Departmental Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 26. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/hsl|title=History of Science Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/wol|title=Wolbach Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 28. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/lin|title=Linguistics Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/nel|title=Near Eastern Languages and Literatures Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 30. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/pea|title=Peabody Museum Archives - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/phy|title=Physics Research Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 32. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/afr|title=African and African American Studies Reading Room - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 33. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/phi|title=Robbins Library of Philosophy - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 34. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/san|title=Sanskrit Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 35. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/smy|title=Smyth Classical Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 36. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/sta|title=Statistics Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 37. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/find-library#|title=Find A Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 38. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/div|title=Andover-Harvard Theological Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 39. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/bak|title=Baker Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 40. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/med|title=Countway Library of Medicine - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 41. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/gut|title=Monroe C. Gutman Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 42. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/law|title=Harvard Law School Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 43. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/ksg|title=Harvard Kennedy School Library & Knowledge Services - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 44. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/des|title=Loeb Design Library - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 45. ^{{cite web|url=http://library.harvard.edu/sch|title=Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America - Harvard Library|website=library.harvard.edu}} 46. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 {{Citation |publisher = Library of Harvard University |publication-place = Cambridge, Mass |author = Alfred Claghorn Potter, Charles Knowles Bolton |url = https://openlibrary.org/books/OL7223959M/The_librarians_of_Harvard_College_1667-1877 |title = The Librarians of Harvard College 1667-1877 |publication-date = 1897 }} }} Further reading
External links{{Commons category|Harvard University Library}}
7 : University and college academic libraries in the United States|Harvard University buildings|Libraries in Massachusetts|1638 establishments in Massachusetts|Libraries in Middlesex County, Massachusetts|Harvard Library|Libraries established in 1638 |
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