| 词条 | Hyesan | ||
| 释义 |
|name = {{raise|0.1em|Hyesan}} |native_name = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|혜산시}}}} |native_name_lang = ko |official_name = |nickname = |settlement_type = Municipal City |total_type = |motto = |translit_lang1 = Korean |translit_lang1_type = Chosŏn'gŭl |translit_lang1_info = {{linktext|혜|산|시}} |translit_lang1_type1 = Hancha |translit_lang1_info1 = {{linktext|惠|山|市}} |translit_lang1_type2 = {{nowrap|McCune-Reischauer}} |translit_lang1_info2 = Hyesan-si |translit_lang1_type3 = {{nowrap|Revised Romanization}} |translit_lang1_info3 = Hyesan-si |image_skyline = 巡道工出品 photo by Xundaogong - panoramio (106).jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = Downtown Hyesan in September 2013 |image_map = DPRK2006 Ryanggang-Hyesan.PNG | map_caption = Map of Ryanggang showing the location of Hyesan |mapsize = 270px |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = North_Korea |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_map_caption = Location in North Korea |pushpin_mapsize = |coordinates = {{coord|41|24|N|128|11|E|region:KP|display=inline,title}} |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{nowrap|{{Flag|North Korea}}}} |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Ryanggang |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = | parts_type = Administrative divisions | parts = 25 tong, 4 ri |seat_type = |seat = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title1 = |established_date1 = |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |founder = |named_for = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = Metric |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 277 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_km2 = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |elevation_footnotes = |timezone = |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = | coor_pinpoint = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |twin1 = |twin1_country = |twin2 = |twin2_country = |twin3 = |twin3_country = |twin4 = |twin4_country = |twin5 = |twin5_country = |twin6 = |twin6_country = |twin7 = |twin7_country = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |blank2_name = |blank2_info = |blank3_name = |blank3_info = |blank4_name = |blank4_info = |blank5_name = |blank5_info = |blank6_name = |blank6_info = |website = |footnotes = }} Hyesan ({{IPA-ko|he.san}}) is a city in the northern part of Ryanggang province of North Korea. It is a hub of river transportation as well as a product distribution centre. It is also the administrative centre of Ryanggang Province. As of 2008, the population of the city is 192,680. AreaAround 1940s, this city corresponded nearby Paektu Mountains. However, due to the several changes, the area of this city was reduced, and now it only corresponds nearby Yalu River. Due to the reunification matter with South Korea, this city is claimed by South Korea, with the area of 1940s, not the one edited by North Korea. Therefore, this city in South Korea still corresponds nearby Baekdu Mountains. With this problem, South Korea has a conflict with the People's Republic of China because of Baekdu Mountains. The mountain is actually divided in two: the south parts are ruled by North Korea while the north parts are ruled by the PRC. However, South Korea still claims the northern parts. It is not officially claimed, but from maps printed by South Korea, it is de facto claimed. In addition, the Republic of China claims the entire mountain. GeographyThe city is located in the Paektu Mountains at the border with the People's Republic of China (Jilin province), from which it is separated by the Yalu (Amrok) River. Changbai is the closest Chinese city across the river. ClimateHyesan has an elevation-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dwb). It is located in the coldest area of Korea, which holds a record low temperature of -42 °C (-44 °F) in 1915. {{Weather box|width = auto |location = Hyesan (1981-2010) |collapsed = |metric first = y |single line = y |Jan high C = -10.1 |Feb high C = -5.7 |Mar high C = 2.6 |Apr high C = 12.5 |May high C = 19.5 |Jun high C = 22.8 |Jul high C = 25.5 |Aug high C = 24.9 |Sep high C = 19.2 |Oct high C = 12.4 |Nov high C = 2.0 |Dec high C = -7.7 |Jan mean C = -18.4 |Feb mean C = -13.3 |Mar mean C = -3.5 |Apr mean C = 5.6 |May mean C = 12.3 |Jun mean C = 16.7 |Jul mean C = 20.5 |Aug mean C = 19.9 |Sep mean C = 13.0 |Oct mean C = 5.5 |Nov mean C = -3.8 |Dec mean C = -15.5 |Jan low C = -22.6 |Feb low C = -18.9 |Mar low C = -9.6 |Apr low C = -1.2 |May low C = 5.2 |Jun low C = 10.7 |Jul low C = 15.5 |Aug low C = 15.0 |Sep low C = 6.8 |Oct low C = -1.3 |Nov low C = -9.6 |Dec low C = -19.3 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 14.6 |Feb precipitation mm = 8.8 |Mar precipitation mm = 31.7 |Apr precipitation mm = 36.1 |May precipitation mm = 73.8 |Jun precipitation mm = 99.2 |Jul precipitation mm = 149.4 |Aug precipitation mm = 104.8 |Sep precipitation mm = 59.5 |Oct precipitation mm = 35.6 |Nov precipitation mm = 26.2 |Dec precipitation mm = 22.8 |year precipitation mm = 662.5 |source 1 = Japan Meteorological Agency (precipitation)[2] |source 2 = Climate-data.org (temperatures)[3] }} Administrative divisionsHyesan City is divided into 25 tong (neighbourhoods) and 4 ri (villages):
EconomyHyesan has lumber processing mills, paper mills and textile mills. Since the North Korean economic crisis that intensified in the mid-1990s the city has suffered from economic stagnation and some factories in the city are closed. Reports and pictures taken from the Chinese side of the river show a "Ghost City": there is almost no movement in the streets, and at night the city is dark and doesn't have electricity. Residents of the city reputedly wash their clothes in the river because homes have no running water. First explored in the 1960s, Hyesan Mine produces 10,000 tons of copper concentrates annually. This area has 80% of North Korea's available copper, and the North had estimated that it will be able to continue mining copper there for the next forty years. When Kapsan Tongjum Mine, explored during the Japanese colonial period, was finally depleted and closed in 1990, Hyesan Mine became the lifeline of the nation’s copper production. At that time, the mine flooded because the pumping device stopped operating due to the lack of electricity across the country. Although the workers at the mine did their best to pump the water, they could not stop the water flowing into the mine at a speed of 480㎥/hour. In 1996, during the North's 'Arduous March', electricity was not provided to the mine, leading to flooding in the mineshafts in January 1997. Hyesan Mine flooded again, as did other mines throughout the country, and lost all mining facilities. Since 1998, Kim Jong Il budgeted 8.2 million USD to dewater the mine, and the mine was recovered using electricity and equipment provided by China. TransportationHyesan is connected to other cities in North Korea by road, and by the Paektusan Ch'ŏngnyŏn and Pukpu lines of the Korean State Railway. EducationSchools in Hyesan include Hyesan High School and Hyesan Girls' School. Higher education institutions include the Hyesan Мedical University, the Hyesan University of Agriculture and Forestry, Kim Jŏng-suk College of Education, the Hyesan College of Light Engineering, and the Hyesan University of Industry. The countryside near Hyesan has various attractions, including the Kwaegung Pavilion, Naegŏk Hot Spring and Mount Paektu. Notable people
See also{{portal|North Korea}}
References1. ^ tags-->|elevation_m = |elevation_max_m = |elevation_min_m = |population_as_of =2008{{cite web |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/wphc/North_Korea/Final%20national%20census%20report.pdf |title= 2008 Population Census of DPR Korea |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics, DPR Korea |date=2009 |access-date=July 22, 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.data.jma.go.jp/gmd/cpd/monitor/nrmlist/NrmMonth.php?stn=47016|publisher = Japan Meteorological Agency|title = Precipitation: Hyesan}} 3. ^{{cite web|url = https://en.climate-data.org/location/27497/|title = Climate: Hyesan}} Further reading
External links{{commons category}}
1 : Cities in Ryanggang |
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