| 词条 | Hymn to Liberty | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|title = Ὕμνος εἰς τὴν Ἐλευθερίαν |transcription = Ýmnos is tin Eleftherían Ýmnos pros tin Eleftherían |english_title = "Hymn to Liberty" or "Hymn to Freedom" |image = Ymnos Eis Tin Eleftherian.Book cover.1825.jpg |image_size = |caption = |prefix = National |country = {{GRE}} {{CYP}} Former national anthem of the {{nowrap|{{Flagicon image|Flag of Cretan State.svg}} Cretan State}} |author = Dionysios Solomos |lyrics_date = 1823 |composer = Nikolaos Mantzaros |music_date = 1865 |adopted = 1865 (by Greece)[1] 1966 (by Cyprus)[2] 1908 (by Cretan State) |until=1913 (by Cretan State) |sound = Greece national anthem.ogg |sound_title = "Hymn to Liberty" (instrumental) }} The "Hymn to Liberty" or "Hymn to Freedom"[1] ({{lang-el|Ύμνος εις την Ελευθερίαν|Ýmnos is tin Eleftherían}}, {{IPA-el|ˈimnos is tin elefθeˈrian|pron}}, also {{lang-el|Ύμνος προς την Ελευθερίαν}}[3][4][5] {{transl|el|Ýmnos pros tin Eleftherían}} {{IPA-el|ˈim.nos pros tin elefθe'ri.an|pron}}) is a poem written by Dionysios Solomos in 1823 that consists of 158 stanzas, which is used as the national anthem of Greece and Cyprus. It was set to music by Nikolaos Mantzaros, and is the longest national anthem in the world by length of text.[6] In 1865, the first three stanzas (and later the first two) officially became the national anthem of Greece and, from 1966, also that of Cyprus. HistoryDionysios Solomos wrote "Hymn to Liberty" in 1823 in Zakynthos and one year later was printed in Messolonghi. It was set to music in 1865 by the Corfiot operatic composer Nikolaos Mantzaros, who composed two choral versions, a long one for the whole poem and a short one for the first two stanzas; the latter is the one adopted as the national anthem of Greece. "Hymn to Liberty" was adopted as the national anthem of Cyprus by order of the Council of Ministers in 1966.[7]LyricsInspired by the Greek War of Independence, Solomos wrote the hymn to honor the struggle of Greeks for independence after centuries of Ottoman rule. "Hymn to Liberty" recounts the misery of the Greeks under the Ottomans and their hope for freedom. He describes different events of the War, such as the execution of Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople, the reaction of the Great Powers, extensively the Siege of Tripolitsa and the Christian character of the struggle. Greek original
English translations
UsesAn adapted version was used during the short-lived Cretan State as the Cretan Anthem. The Hymn to Liberty has been the Greek Royal Anthem since 1864. "Hymn to Liberty" has been the national anthem of Cyprus since 1966.[2] "Hymn to Liberty" has been performed at every closing ceremony of the Olympic Games, to pay tribute to Greece as the birthplace of the Olympic Games. The version commonly played by military bands was composed by Lieutenant Colonel Margaritis Kastellis (1907–1979), former director of the Greek Music Corps.[8] References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.presidency.gr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1311&Itemid=59&lang=en|script-title=el:Εθνικός Ύμνος|trans-title=National Anthem|language=el|publisher=www.presidency.gr|accessdate=30 May 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110503193202/http://www.presidency.gov.cy/presidency/presidency.nsf/prc34_en/prc34_en?OpenDocument}} 2. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.presidency.gov.cy/presidency/presidency.nsf/prc34_en/prc34_en?OpenDocument|title=Presidency of the Republic of Cyprus - The National Anthem|accessdate=14 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110503193202/http://www.presidency.gov.cy/presidency/presidency.nsf/prc34_en/prc34_en?OpenDocument|archive-date=3 May 2011|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}} 3. ^{{cite news|author1=Ηλίας Κανέλλης|title=Το μνημείο διατίθεται για διαδηλώσεις Η "χρήση" του Άγνωστου Στρατιώτη και... άλλες βέβηλες ιστορίες|url=http://www.tanea.gr/PrintArticle/?article=4595840&iid=2|date=25 September 2010|publisher=Ta Nea|quote=Ο «Ύμνος προς την Ελευθερίαν» του Διονυσίου Σολωμού είναι, πρωτίστως, ένα ποίημα μέσω του οποίου υμνήθηκε το έθνος-κράτος, σε περίοδο που οι εθνικές οντότητες ήταν ταυτόσημες της νεωτερικότητας.}} 4. ^{{cite news|author1=Κωστούλα Τομαδάκη|title=Ο εθνικός ύμνος "ελεύθερος" στο Διαδίκτυο|url=http://www.topontiki.gr/article/61698/o-ethnikos-ymnos-eleytheros-sto-diadiktyo|date=22 November 2010|publisher=To Pontiki|quote=Το 1865, μετά την ένωση της Επτανήσου με την Ελλάδα, ο «Ύμνος προς την Ελευθερίαν» καθιερώθηκε ως εθνικός ύμνος της Ελλάδας.}} 5. ^{{cite news|author1=Argolikos Archival Library of History and Culture|title=Εφημερίδα της Κυβερνήσεως – Το Ναύπλιον γενέθλιος πόλις της εφημερίδος της Κυβερνήσεως|url=https://argolikivivliothiki.gr/2012/09/14/newspaper/|date=14 September 2012|publisher=Αργολική Αρχειακή Βιβλιοθήκη Ιστορίας & Πολιτισμού (Argolikos Archival Library of History and Culture|quote=Ας σημειωθή χαρακτηριστικώς, ότι η περί ης ο λόγος εφημερίς προέτεινεν εις το φύλλον της 21ης Οκτωβρίου 1825 την καθιέρωσιν ως εθνικού ύμνου του ποιήματος του Δ. Σολωμού «Ύμνος προς την Ελευθερίαν», του οποίου εδημοσίευσεν ανάλυσιν υπό του Σπ. Τρικούπη.}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalanthems.me/greece-hymn-to-liberty/|title=Greece: Hymn to Liberty|publisher=NationalAnthems.me|accessdate=7 April 2017}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=National Anthem|url=http://www.presidency.gov.cy/presidency/presidency.nsf/prc34_en/prc34_en?OpenDocument|accessdate=3 June 2015|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6177nDxG2?url=http://www.presidency.gov.cy/presidency/presidency.nsf/prc34_en/prc34_en?OpenDocument|archive-date=21 August 2011|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=National Anthem|url=http://www.sse.gr/page_en.php?id=77|publisher=Hellenic Army Academy|accessdate=30 January 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209135154/http://www.sse.gr/page_en.php?id=77|archivedate=9 February 2015|df=dmy}} External links{{Wikisource|Hymn to Liberty}}{{Wikisourcelang|el|Ύμνος είς την Ελευθερίαν}}
11 : Asian anthems|Cypriot music|Greek music|Greek patriotic songs|National symbols of Greece|National symbols of Cyprus|Heptanese School (literature)|European anthems|Works about the Greek War of Independence|National anthems|National anthem compositions in F major |
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