| 词条 | Iringa Region | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Iringa Region | native_name = {{small|{{native phrase|sw|Mkoa wa Iringa}}}} | settlement_type = Region | image_skyline = Landscape at Mufindi, Tanzania.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = The Tea fields in Mufindi. | image_map = Tanzania Iringa location map.svg | map_alt = | map_caption = Regional map after partition in 2012 | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Tanzania | subdivision_type1 = Zone | subdivision_name1 = Southern Highlands | established_title = | established_date = | seat_type = Capital | seat = Iringa | leader_party = | leader_title = Regional Commissioner | leader_name = Amina Mesenza[1] | unit_pref = Metric | area_water_percent = | area_rank = | area_blank1_title = | area_blank2_title = | area_total_km2 = 35743 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | elevation_m = | population_total = 941238 | population_as_of = 2012 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | timezone1 = EAT | utc_offset1 = +3 | postal_code_type = Postcode | postal_code = 51xxx | area_code = 026 | iso_code = | website = {{URL|http://www.iringa.go.tz/|Regional website}} | footnotes = }} Iringa is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions. The regional capital is Iringa. The region's population is 941,238. It is primarily agricultural and boasts the second-highest per-capita GDP in the country. Iringa Region is home to Ruaha National Park, Tanzania's second largest park, which has an abundance of wildlife. The Regional Commissioner of the Iringa Region is Amina Mesenza. GeographyIringa region has a total area of {{convert|35,743|km2|mi2}}. (Socio-economic profile:3) [2] It is surrounded by Singida and Dodoma in the north, Morogoro to its east, Mbeya to its west and Njombe towards the south.[2](Socio-economic profile:1) The region is drained by the Little Ruaha and the Great Ruaha rivers. The lake created by the Mtera Dam is the other significant water body here.[2](Socio-economic profile:3) The region can be divided into three zones - highland, midland and lowland. The highland zone is towards the east of the region. This area experiences a rainy season between November and May with annual precipitation ranging from {{convert|500|-|1500|mm|in|abbr=on}}. The period between June and September is cold and dry. The midland zone, in the central part of the region, lies at a height of {{convert|1200|-|1600|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level and faces between {{convert|600|-|1000|mm|in|abbr=on}} of rain every year. Finally, the lowland zone, at a height of {{convert|900|-|1200|m|ft|abbr=on}} gets between {{convert|500|-|600|mm|in|abbr=on}} of rain per annum.[2](Socio-economic profile:9-11) About 16% of the land in Iringa region is forested.[2](Socio-economic profile:103) The region is host to the Ruaha National Park, famous for its large herd of elephants and over 400 species of birds. Other animals include lions, sable antelopes and kudu.[2](Socio-economic profile:112-113) A second park, Udzungwa Mountains National Park in Iringa Rural District, is less visited.[3] DemographicsIringa region has a total population of 941,238.[4] Hehe people are the largest ethnic group living here. Other major populations are those of Bena and Kinga groups. Pangwa, Chaga, Nyakyusa and Ngoni can be found in urban areas primarily engaged in business. Maasai and Barbaig, sukuma and groups are mostly engaged in animal herding.[2](Socio-economic profile:12) The region has one of the lowest growing populations in Tanzania.[2](Socio-economic profile:13) A major reason for this is persistent emigration from this region to more urban areas such as Dar es Salaam.[2](Socio-economic profile:28) Administration and politicsThe region is administratively divided into three district councils, one municipal council, and one town council as listed in the table:[4]
Iringa region elects seven representatives to the National Assembly of Tanzania. In the 2015 general election, six candidates from the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi and one from CHADEMA won their respective seats.[5] William Lukuvi, the MP for Ismani is the Cabinet Minister for Lands, Housing and Human Settlements Development.[1] Amina Mesenza is the Regional Commissioner of the region as of June 2016.[1] Njombe Region was split off from Iringa in March 2012.[6]EconomyIringa region has the fifth largest GDP out of the 30 regions in Tanzania. On a per-capita basis, Iringa's 2012 figure of about TSh 1,400,000 ranks it second only to Dar es Salaam Region which includes the capital of Tanzania.[7] AgricultureAgriculture is the mainstay of Iringa's economy accounting for 85% of its GDP.[2](Socio-economic profile:30) Between 2008 and 2011, an average {{convert|345,000|ha|mi2}} of land was planted with food crops annually. Maize is the dominant cereal with about {{convert|245,000|ha|mi2}} of land devoted to it. Beans are second most important food crop being grown on {{convert|56,000|ha|mi2}}. Cash crops take about 56,000 hectares with sunflower being the major output.[2](Socio-economic profile:57-60) IndustryThe industry in Iringa region is mostly small scaled and largely located in the Iringa municipality. The food industry consists of tomatoes and chili processing, milk processing, grain milling. There is also carpentry and oil processing which comprise the bulk of industrial units found within the Iringa region.[2](Socio-economic profile:123) References{{Sister project links | wikt=no | b=no | n=no | q=no | s=no | v=no | voy=no | species=no | d=no | mw=no | display=Iringa Region}}1. ^1 2 {{cite news|title=Tanzania: New Roads to Boost Local Economies in Dodoma, Iringa| url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201606060389.html|publisher=allAfrica.com|date= June 5, 2016}} {{Regions of Tanzania}}{{Districts of Iringa}}{{coord|9|00|S|35|00|E|region:TZ_type:adm1st_source:GNS-enwiki|display=title}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 {{cite web|title=Iringa region socio-economic profile, 2013|url=http://www.nbs.go.tz/nbs/takwimu/SocialEconomicProfiles/IringaRegionalProfile%202013.zip|date = 2013|accessdate=October 17, 2016|publisher=National Bureau of Statistics and Iringa Regional Secretariat}} 3. ^{{Cite web|title=Focus on Tanzania|chapter=Focus: Iringa Region|year=2005|pages=16–21|url=http://www.tzonline.org/pdf/focusoniringaregion2005.pdf}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|page=103|title=2012 population and housing census: population distribution by administrative areas|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130612082906/http://www.nbs.go.tz/sensa/PDF/Census%20General%20Report%20-%2029%20March%202013_Combined_Final%20for%20Printing.pdf|archive-date=June 12, 2013|publisher=National Bureau of Statistics|url=http://www.nbs.go.tz/sensa/PDF/Census%20General%20Report%20-%2029%20March%202013_Combined_Final%20for%20Printing.pdf}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Wabunge wa Kuchaguliwa 2015-2020|page=3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208070605/http://www.nec.go.tz/uploads/trends/1447074576-WABUNGE%20WALIOCHAGULIWA%202015.pdf| url=http://www.nec.go.tz/uploads/trends/1447074576-WABUNGE%20WALIOCHAGULIWA%202015.pdf |archive-date=December 8, 2015|accessdate=October 17, 2016}} 6. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.dailynews.co.tz/index.php/local-news/2739-state-gazettes-new-regions-districts |title=Tanzania: State Gazettes New Regions, Districts |date=9 March 2012 |newspaper=Daily News |location=Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |author=Staff |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120823174437/http://www.dailynews.co.tz/index.php/local-news/2739-state-gazettes-new-regions-districts |archivedate=August 23, 2012 }} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Tanzania Human Development Report 2014|page=9|publisher=UNDP|accessdate= October 17, 2016|ISBN=978-9987-770-00-7|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/thdr2014-main.pdf}} 2 : Iringa Region|Regions of Tanzania |
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