| 词条 | Ismailia |
| 释义 |
|name = Ismailia |other_name = |native_name = {{lang|ar|الإسماعيلية}} |settlement_type = |motto = |image_skyline = IsmailiaSalahSalimSt.jpg |imagesize = 250px |image_caption = |image_flag = |nickname = The City of Beauty and Enchantment |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |pushpin_map = Egypt |pushpin_label_position = bottom |pushpin_mapsize = 300 |pushpin_map_caption = Location in Egypt |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{flag|Egypt}} |subdivision_type1 = Governorate |subdivision_name1 = Ismailia |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = | |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 210 |area_land_km2 = |population_as_of = 2012 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 366669 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title = Ethnicities |population_blank1 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |population_demonym = Ismailiata | timezone = EET | utc_offset = +2 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|30|35|N|32|16|E|region:EG|display=inline}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 13 |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = (+20) 69 or (+20) 64 |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} Ismailia ({{lang-ar|الإسماعيلية}} {{transl|ar|ALA|al-Ismāʻīlīyah }} {{IPA-arz|lesmæʕiˈlejjæ}}) is a city in north-eastern Egypt. Known in Egypt as "The City of Beauty and Enchantment",[1] Ismailia is situated on the west bank of the Suez Canal, it is the capital of the Ismailia Governorate. The city has a population of 366,669 {{as of|2012|lc=y}} (or approximately 750,000, including surrounding rural areas). It is located approximately halfway between Port Said to the north and Suez to the south. The Canal widens at that point to include Lake Timsah, one of the Bitter Lakes linked by the Canal. HistoryIsmailia was founded in 1863, during the construction of the Suez Canal, by Khedive Ismail the Magnificent, after whom the city is named. Following the Battle of Kafr-el-Dawwar in 1882 the British established a base there. The head office of the Suez Canal Authority is located in Ismailia at the shore of Lake Timsah. It has a large number of buildings dating from British and French involvement with the Canal. Most of these buildings are currently used by Canal employees and officials. During World War I the British had an air base there and the Battle of Romani took place nearby. Ismailia War Cemetery was designed in 1919 by Sir Robert Lorimer marking the casualties of the battle.[2] In 1973 the Battle of Ismailia took place in the city. Government and politicsThe Muslim Brotherhood was founded in Ismailia by Hassan al-Banna in March 1928. An underground paramilitary wing was established in the 1940s, primarily to fight British occupation forces. In the early 1950s, Ismailia hosted the British Military HQ and the Civilian Administration Centre of the Canal Zone. British suppression of an uprising by rebellious Egyptian police there on 25 January 1952 was a key event leading to the overthrow of King Farouk I later that year and the Egyptian Revolution that followed. British forces pulled out of Ismailia in 1954. Coptic Catholic EparchyOn 1982.12.17 an Eparchy (Eastern Catholic Diocese) of Ismayliah was established on territory split off from the Coptic Catholic Patriarchate of Alexandria (Alexandrian Rite in Coptic language), which remains its Metropolitan. Its episcopal see is St. Mark's cathedral.
EducationSchoolsIsmailia has several public and private schools. They face the same educational problems that schools all around Egypt face.{{vague|date=May 2018}} Private tutoring is widely accessible and is almost an unofficial requirement for all students. Two international schools, Manar Language School and Educational Language Complex School (E.L.C) offer American Diploma and IGCSE teaching systems. UniversitiesIsmailia is the home of the Suez Canal University, established in 1976 with the help of the Chinese Government to serve the region of Suez Canal and Sinai. Suez Canal University now is one of the fastest growing educational institutions in Egypt with many students studying abroad. Culture and recreationArts and festivalsIsmailia hosts two important festivals each year. The first is the International Film Festival for Documentaries and Shorts that is held in June.[3] In June 2014 the 17th consecutive festival was organized. The second is the Ismailia International Folklore Arts Festival that is held in September. In this festival folkloric troupes from all around the globe meet in Ismailia, where they perform folkloric dances representing the culture of their countries.[4] Archaeological MuseumA major attraction is the Ismailia Museum which was built in 1932. Visitors will find a variety of significant archaeological finds especially from sites in the Ismailia governorate such as Tell el-Maskhuta, from North Sinai, and from Upper Egypt. TourismIsmailia does get tourists from within Egypt, but is not a major tourism destination for international tourists. The city is approximately a ninety-minute automobile drive from Cairo. From Ismailia it is approximately a four-hour drive to Sharm el-Sheikh in South Sinai. Driving to the Taba Border Crossing at Taba and the Rafah Border Crossing at Rafah are both approximately four hour drives. SportsIsmailia owns the third most successful club in Egypt in the field of Football, Ismaily SC. The club's performance is considered a major political issue, and can tend to dictate the city's mood. The team enjoys brief stints of competition for local and international competition, but its financial situation prevents these stints from extending beyond a few years. The team has won the Egyptian League three times (1967, 1991, 2002), the Egyptian Cup twice (1997, 2000), and the African Champions League once (1969) as a first Egyptian Arab Club team won this league. ClimateKöppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as hot desert (BWh). The hottest recorded temperature was {{convert|47|°C}} on June 14, 1944 while the coldest recorded temperature was {{convert|0.2|°C}} on January. {{Weather box|location = Ismailia |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C=30 |Feb record high C=36 |Mar record high C=40 |Apr record high C=44 |May record high C=44 |Jun record high C=47 |Jul record high C=45 |Aug record high C=41 |Sep record high C=44 |Oct record high C=40 |Nov record high C=37 |Dec record high C=32 |Jan high C = 19.2 |Feb high C = 20.9 |Mar high C = 23.3 |Apr high C = 28.6 |May high C = 31.8 |Jun high C = 34.8 |Jul high C = 35.7 |Aug high C = 35.3 |Sep high C = 33.1 |Oct high C = 30 |Nov high C = 25.4 |Dec high C = 20.9 |year high C = 28.2 |Jan mean C = 14.8 |Feb mean C = 16.1 |Mar mean C = 18.3 |Apr mean C = 22.9 |May mean C = 25.7 |Jun mean C = 28 |Jul mean C = 29.8 |Aug mean C = 29.6 |Sep mean C = 27.8 |Oct mean C = 24.8 |Nov mean C = 20.3 |Dec mean C = 15.9 |year mean C = 22.8 |Jan low C = 7.6 |Feb low C = 8.3 |Mar low C = 10.3 |Apr low C = 14.1 |May low C = 16.4 |Jun low C = 19.5 |Jul low C = 21.3 |Aug low C = 21.5 |Sep low C = 19.7 |Oct low C = 16.6 |Nov low C = 12.7 |Dec low C = 8.9 |year low C = 14.7 |Jan record low C=0.2 |Feb record low C= 2 |Mar record low C=4.6 |Apr record low C=6.8 |May record low C=10.2 |Jun record low C=15 |Jul record low C=17 |Aug record low C=18 |Sep record low C=15.2 |Oct record low C=9.7 |Nov record low C=4.6 |Dec record low C=4.8 |precipitation colour=green |Jan precipitation mm = 7 |Feb precipitation mm = 6 |Mar precipitation mm = 7 |Apr precipitation mm = 2 |May precipitation mm = 2 |Jun precipitation mm = 0 |Jul precipitation mm = 0 |Aug precipitation mm = 0 |Sep precipitation mm = 0 |Oct precipitation mm = 2 |Nov precipitation mm = 6 |Dec precipitation mm = 5 |year precipitation mm = 37 |Jan humidity = 57 |Feb humidity = 54 |Mar humidity = 49 |Apr humidity = 43 |May humidity = 42 |Jun humidity = 46 |Jul humidity = 48 |Aug humidity = 51 |Sep humidity = 54 |Oct humidity = 55 |Nov humidity = 58 |Dec humidity = 60 |year humidity = 51.4 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days = 1.1 |Feb precipitation days = 0.5 |Mar precipitation days = 0.7 |Apr precipitation days = 0.3 |May precipitation days = 0.2 |Jun precipitation days = 0.0 |Jul precipitation days = 0.0 |Aug precipitation days = 0.0 |Sep precipitation days = 0.0 |Oct precipitation days = 0.0 |Nov precipitation days = 0.2 |Dec precipitation days = 0.5 |year precipitation days = 3.5 |source 1 = NOAA,[5] Climate Charts[6] |source 2 = Voodoo Skies for record temperatures[7] |date=August 2014}} Notable people
See also
References1. ^{{cite web |title=Photo: The Lake,Ismailia,Egypt,The City of Beauty and Enchantment,Africa,c1935 |url=http://www.oldphotobank.com/Photo-The-LakeIsmailiaEgyptThe-City-of-Beauty-and-EnchantmentAfricac1935_p_382568.html |website=oldphotobank}} 2. ^Dictionary of Scottish Architects: Robert Lorimer 3. ^{{cite web|title= Ismailia Film Festival 21th version (2019)edition to be from 10 April to 16 April 2019|url=http://www.ismailiafilmfest.com/|website=Ismailia Film Festival|accessdate=4 August 2014}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/Templates/Articles/tmpArticles.aspx?CatID=1078#.U9_y6Xt5ElQ|website=Egypt State Information Service|accessdate=4 August 2014}} 5. ^{{cite web| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG__I/UB/62309.TXT| title = Dabaa Climate Normals 1961–1990| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration| accessdate = April 5, 2015}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.climate-charts.com/Locations/u/UB62440.php|title=Ismailia, Egypt: Climate, Global Warming, and Daylight Charts and Data| accessdate =5 July 2013| publisher =Climate Charts }} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://voodooskies.com/weather/egypt/ismailia | title=Ismailia, Egypt | accessdate =5 July 2013 | publisher =Voodoo Skies }}
External links{{Commons category|Ismailia}}
8 : Ismailia|Governorate capitals in Egypt|Populated places in Ismailia Governorate|Metropolitan areas of Egypt|Suez Canal|Populated places established in 1863|Cities in Egypt|1863 establishments in Egypt |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。