请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 ITunes
释义

  1. History

      Platform availability  

  2. Media management

      Music    Metadata and music importation    Special playlists    Library sharing    Artwork printing    Sound processing    Video    Podcasts    Books    Apps    iTunes Store    iTunes U    iTunes in the Cloud and iTunes Match    Internet radio and music streaming    iPhone activation    Ping  

  3. Criticism

      Security    Software bloat  

  4. See also

  5. References

  6. External links

{{pp-pc1|expiry=September 19, 2019}}{{About|the application software|the media store|iTunes Store}}{{Other uses|iTunes (disambiguation)}}{{pp-move-indef}}{{lowercase title}}{{Infobox software
| name = iTunes
| logo = ITunes logo.svg
| screenshot = Screenshot of iTunes.png
| caption = Screenshot of iTunes 12.7.1 on Windows 10
| developer = Apple Inc.
| released = {{start date and age|2001|1|9}}
| latest release version = 12.9.4
| operating system = {{unbulleted list|macOS|Windows 7 (Service Pack 1 or later)|Windows 10 (UWP app)}}
| size =
| genre = {{Plainlist|
  • CD ripper
  • Digital asset management
  • Media player
  • Optical disc authoring
  • Tag editor

}}
| license = Freeware
| website = {{URL|https://apple.com/itunes/}}
}}{{macOS topics}}

iTunes ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|aɪ|tj|uː|n|z}})[1] is a media player, media library, Internet radio broadcaster, and mobile device management application developed by Apple Inc. It was announced on January 9, 2001. It is used to play, download, and organize digital multimedia files, including music and video, on personal computers running the macOS and Windows operating systems. Content must be purchased through the iTunes Store, whereas iTunes is the software letting users manage their purchases.

The original and main focus of iTunes is music, with a library offering organization, collection, and storage of users' music collections. It can be used to rip songs from CDs, as well as play content with the use of dynamic, smart playlists. Options for sound optimizations exist, as well as ways to wirelessly share the iTunes library. In 2005, Apple expanded on the core features with video support, later also adding podcasts, e-books, and a section for managing mobile apps for Apple's iOS operating system, the last of which it discontinued in 2017.

The original iPhone smartphone required iTunes for activation and, until the release of iOS 5 in 2011, iTunes was required for installing software updates for the company's iOS devices. Newer iOS devices rely less on the iTunes software, though it can still be used for backup and restoration of phone contents, as well as for the transfer of files between a computer and individual iOS applications. iTunes has received significant criticism for a bloated user experience, with Apple adopting an all-encompassing feature-set in iTunes rather than sticking to its original music-based purpose.

History

{{See also|History of iTunes}}SoundJam MP, released by Casady & Greene in 1998, was renamed "iTunes" when Apple purchased it in 2000. The primary developers of the software moved to Apple as part of the acquisition, and simplified SoundJam's user interface, added the ability to burn CDs, and removed its recording feature and skin support.[2] The first version of iTunes, promotionally dubbed "World’s Best and Easiest To Use Jukebox Software",[3] was announced on January 9, 2001.[4] Subsequent releases of iTunes often coincided with new hardware devices, and gradually included support for new features, including "smart playlists," the iTunes Store, and new audio formats.[4]

Platform availability

Apple released iTunes for Windows in 2003.[5] In May 2017, Microsoft and Apple announced that they would bring iTunes to the Microsoft Store by the end of that year[6] in order to work on Windows 10 S devices, which are limited to software available in the Microsoft Store.[7] However, Apple told ZDNet in December that it "[needs] a little more time to get it right", and thus won't be available in 2017.[8]Apple released the Microsoft Store version on April 26, 2018.[9]

Media management

Music

Metadata and music importation

iTunes features a music library. Each track has attributes, called metadata, that can be edited by the user, including changing the name of the artist, album, and genre, year of release, artwork, among other additional settings.[10][11] The software supports importing digital audio tracks that can then be transferred to iOS devices,[12] as well as supporting ripping content from CDs.[13][14] iTunes supports WAV, AIFF, Apple Lossless, AAC, and MP3 audio formats.[15] It uses the Gracenote music database to provide track name listings for audio CDs. When users rip content from a CD, iTunes attempts to match songs to the Gracenote service. For self-published CDs, or those from obscure record labels, iTunes will normally only list tracks as numbered entries ("Track 1", "Track 2") on an unnamed album by an unknown artist, requiring manual input of data.[16]

File metadata is displayed in users' libraries in columns, including album, artist, genre, composer, and more.[17] Users can enable or disable different columns, as well as change view settings.[18]

Special playlists

Introduced in 2004,[19] "Party Shuffle" selected tracks to play randomly from the library, though users could press a button to skip the current song and go to the next in the list.[20] The feature was later renamed "iTunes DJ",[21] before being discontinued altogether, replaced by a simpler "Up Next" feature that notably lost some of "iTunes DJ"'s functionality.[22]

Introduced in iTunes 8 in 2008, "{{visible anchor|Genius}}" can automatically generate a playlist of songs from the user's library that "go great together".[23] "Genius" transmits information about the user's library to Apple anonymously, and evolves over time to enhance its recommendation system. It can also suggest purchases to fill out "holes" in the library.[24] The feature was updated with iTunes 9 in 2009 to offer "Genius Mixes", which generated playlists based on specific music genres.[25][26]

"Smart playlists" are a set of playlists that can be set to automatically filter the library based on a customized list of selection criteria, much like a database query. Multiple criteria can be entered to manage the smart playlist.[27] Selection criteria examples include a genre like Christmas music, songs that haven't been played recently, or songs the user has listened to the most in a time period.[28]

Library sharing

Through a "Home Sharing" feature, users can share their iTunes library wirelessly.[29] Computer firewalls must allow network traffic, and users must specifically enable sharing in the iTunes preferences menu. iOS applications also exist that can transfer content without Internet.[30] Additionally, users can set up a network-attached storage system, and connect to that storage system through an app.[31]

Artwork printing

To compensate for the "boring" design of standard CDs, iTunes can print custom-made jewel case inserts. After burning a CD from a playlist, one can select that playlist and bring up a dialog box with several print options, including different "Themes" of album artworks.[32]

Sound processing

iTunes includes sound processing features, such as equalization, "sound enhancement" and crossfade. There is also a feature called {{visible anchor|Sound Check}}, which automatically adjusts the playback volume of all songs in the library to the same level.[33][34]

Video

In May 2005, video support was introduced to iTunes with the release of iTunes 4.8,[35] though it was limited to bonus features part of album purchases.[36] The following October, Apple introduced iTunes 6, enabling support for purchasing and viewing video content purchased from the iTunes Store. At launch, the store offered popular shows from the ABC network, including Desperate Housewives and Lost, along with Disney Channel series That's So Raven and The Suite Life of Zack and Cody. Then-CEO Steve Jobs told the press that "We’re doing for video what we’ve done for music — we’re making it easy and affordable to purchase and download, play on your computer, and take with you on your iPod".[37]

In 2008, Apple and select film studios introduced "iTunes Digital Copy", a feature on select DVDs and Blu-ray discs allowing a digital copy in iTunes and associated media players.[38][39][40]

Podcasts

In June 2005, Apple updated iTunes with support for podcasts.[41][42] Users can subscribe to podcasts, change update frequency, define how many episodes to download and how many to delete.[42]

Similarly to songs, "Smart playlists" can be used to control podcasts in a playlist, setting criteria such as date and number of times listened to.[43]

Books

{{Main article|Apple Books}}

In January 2010, Apple announced the iPad tablet, and along with it, a new app for it called Apple Books (previously known as iBooks). The app allowed users to purchase e-books from the iTunes Store, manage them through iTunes, and transfer the content to their iPad.[44]

Apps

{{Main article|App Store (iOS)}}

On July 10, 2008, Apple introduced native mobile apps for its iOS operating system. On iOS, a dedicated App Store application served as the storefront for browsing, purchasing and managing applications, whereas iTunes on computers had a dedicated section for apps rather than a separate app.[45] In September 2017, Apple updated iTunes to version 12.7, removing the App Store section in the process.[46][47] However, the following month, iTunes 12.6.3 was also released, retaining the App Store, with 9to5Mac noting that the secondary release was positioned by Apple as "necessary for some businesses performing internal app deployments".[48][49]

iTunes Store

{{Main article|iTunes Store}}

On April 28, 2003, Apple introduced the iTunes Store, then-named "iTunes Music Store". It allowed users to buy and download songs, with 200,000 tracks available at launch. In its first week, customers bought more than one million songs.[50] Music purchased was protected by FairPlay, an encryption layer referred to as digital rights management (DRM).[51] The use of DRM, which limited devices capable of playing purchased files,[52] sparked efforts to remove the protection mechanism.[53] Eventually, after an open letter to the music industry by then-CEO Steve Jobs in February 2007,[54] Apple introduced a selection of DRM-free music in the iTunes Store in April 2007,[55] followed by its entire music catalog without DRM in January 2009.[56]

In October 2005, Apple announced that movies and television shows would become available through its iTunes Store, employing the DRM protection.[37]

iTunes U

In May 2007, Apple announced the launch of "iTunes U" via the iTunes Store, which delivers university lectures from top U.S. colleges.[57][58]

With iTunes version 12.7 in August 2017, iTunes U collections became a part of the Podcasts app.[59]

iTunes in the Cloud and iTunes Match

In June 2011, Apple announced "iTunes in the Cloud", in which music purchases were stored on Apple's servers and made available for automatic downloading on new devices. For music the user owns, such as content ripped from CDs, the company introduced "iTunes Match", a feature that can upload content to Apple's servers, match it to its catalog, change the quality to 256kbit/s AAC format, and make it available to other devices.[60][61]

Internet radio and music streaming

{{Main article|iTunes Radio|Apple Music}}

When iTunes was first released, it came with support for the Kerbango Internet radio tuner service.[62] In June 2013, the company announced iTunes Radio, a free music streaming service.[63] In June 2015, Apple announced Apple Music, its paid music streaming service, and subsequently rebranded iTunes Radio into Beats 1, a radio station accompanying Apple Music.[64]

iPhone activation

iTunes was used to activate early iPhone models. Beginning with the iPhone 3G in June 2008, activation did not require iTunes, making use of activation at point of sale.[65]

Ping

{{Main article|iTunes Ping}}

With the release of iTunes 10 in September 2010, Apple announced iTunes Ping, which then-CEO Steve Jobs described as "social music discovery". It had features reminiscent of Facebook, including profiles and the ability to follow other users.[66] Ping was discontinued in September 2012.[67]

Criticism

Security

The Telegraph reported in November 2011 that Apple had been aware of a security vulnerability since 2008 that would let unauthorized third parties install "updates" to users' iTunes software. Apple fixed the issue prior to the Telegraph{{'}}s report, and told the media that "The security and privacy of our users is extremely important", though this was questioned by security researcher Brian Krebs, who told the publication that "A prominent security researcher warned Apple about this dangerous vulnerability in mid-2008, yet the company waited more than 1,200 days to fix the flaw".[68]

Software bloat

iTunes has been repeatedly accused of being bloated as part of Apple's efforts to turn it from a program that plays music to an all-encompassing multimedia platform.[46][69][70][71][72] Former PC World editor Ed Bott accused the company of hypocrisy in its advertising attacks on Windows for similar practices.[73]

See also

  • iTunes Festival
  • iTunes Store
  • iTunes version history
  • AirPlay
  • List of audio conversion software
  • Comparison of iPod managers
  • Distribution Into iTunes
  • FairPlay
  • Feed aggregators:
    • Feed aggregators, comparison
    • Feed aggregators, List
  • Media players, comparison
  • Music visualization

References

1. ^{{citation|last=Wells|first=John C.|year=2008|title=Longman Pronunciation Dictionary|edition=3rd|publisher=Longman|page=427|isbn=9781405881180}}
2. ^{{cite web |first=Jonathan |last=Seff |title=The Song Is Over for SoundJam |url=https://www.macworld.com/article/1002145/11soundjam.html |website=Macworld |publisher=International Data Group |date=May 1, 2001 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
3. ^{{cite web |first=Jacqui |last=Cheng |title=iTunes through the ages |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2012/11/itunes-through-the-ages/ |website=Ars Technica |publisher=Condé Nast |date=November 23, 2012 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
4. ^1 {{cite web |first=Kirk |last=McElhearn |title=15 years of iTunes: A look at Apple’s media app and its influence on an industry |url=https://www.macworld.com/article/3019878/software/15-years-of-itunes-a-look-at-apples-media-app-and-its-influence-on-an-industry.html |website=Macworld |publisher=International Data Group |date=January 9, 2016 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2003/10/16Apple-Launches-iTunes-for-Windows/|title=Apple Launches iTunes for Windows|date=October 16, 2003|website=Apple Newsroom|publisher=Apple Inc.|accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/5/11/15616594/apple-itunes-windows-store-app-windows-10|title=Apple is bringing iTunes to the Windows Store|last=Warren|first=Tom|date=May 11, 2017|website=The Verge|publisher=Vox Media|accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/2017/05/11/itunes-in-windows-store/|title=Apple is bringing iTunes to the Windows Store|last=Fingas|first=Jon|date=May 11, 2017|website=Engadget|publisher=Oath Inc.|accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.zdnet.com/article/itunes-wont-be-in-the-microsoft-store-this-year/|title=iTunes won't be in the Microsoft Store this year|last=Foley|first=Mary Jo|date=December 15, 2017|website=ZDNet|publisher=CBS Interactive|accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
9. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/4/26/17287260/itunes-windows-10-microsoft-store-download|title=iTunes is now available in the Microsoft Store for Windows 10|last=Warren|first=Tom|date=April 26, 2018|work=The Verge|access-date=2018-04-26}}
10. ^{{cite web |first=Matt |last=Elliott |title=Clean up and organize your iTunes music library |url=https://www.cnet.com/how-to/clean-up-and-organize-your-itunes-music-library/ |website=CNET |publisher=CBS Interactive |date=April 30, 2014 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
11. ^{{cite web |first=Dan |last=Miller |title=How I edit track metadata in iTunes |url=https://www.macworld.com/article/2097420/how-i-edit-track-metadata-in-itunes.html |website=Macworld |publisher=International Data Group |date=February 13, 2014 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
12. ^{{cite web |first=Sam |last=Costello |title=How to Import Downloaded Music to iTunes |url=https://www.lifewire.com/add-downloaded-mp3s-to-itunes-4103834 |website=Lifewire |publisher=Dotdash |date=October 4, 2017 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
13. ^{{cite web |first=Sam |last=Costello |title=Use iTunes to Copy CDs to Your iPhone or iPod |url=https://www.lifewire.com/copy-cd-to-ipod-iphone-with-itunes-1999496 |website=Lifewire |publisher=Dotdash |date=June 13, 2017 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
14. ^{{cite web |first=Christopher |last=Breen |title=How to rip CDs with iTunes |url=https://www.macworld.com/article/1156861/software-graphics/howto-rip-cds.html |website=Macworld |publisher=International Data Group |date=January 12, 2011 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
15. ^{{cite web |first=Kirk |last=McElhearn |title=The complete guide to using iTunes with lossless audio |url=https://www.macworld.com/article/3053566/software/the-complete-guide-to-using-itunes-with-lossless-audio.html |website=Macworld |publisher=International Data Group |date=April 14, 2016 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
16. ^{{cite web |first=Sam |last=Costello |title=What To Do When iTunes Doesn't Have CD Names for Your Music |url=https://www.lifewire.com/when-itunes-doesnt-have-cd-names-for-music-2000484 |website=Lifewire |publisher=Dotdash |date=March 28, 2017 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
17. ^{{cite web |first=Tony |last=Bove |title=How to browse iTunes by artist and album |url=http://www.dummies.com/consumer-electronics/mp3-players/ipod/how-to-browse-itunes-by-artist-and-album/ |website=For Dummies |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
18. ^{{cite web |first=Cory |last=Bohon |title=How to change iTunes playlist view |url=http://www.techradar.com/how-to/software/applications/how-to-change-itunes-playlist-view-1302442 |website=TechRadar |publisher=Future plc |date=August 21, 2015 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
19. ^{{cite web |first=Jason |last=Snell |title=iTunes 4.5: Hits and Misses |url=https://www.macworld.com/article/1030797/000169.html |website=Macworld |publisher=International Data Group |date=April 28, 2004 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
20. ^{{cite web |first=Kirk |last=McElhearn |title=Doing the iTunes shuffle |url=https://www.macworld.com/article/1055239/marchplaylist.html |website=Macworld |publisher=International Data Group |date=February 5, 2007 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
21. ^{{cite web |first=Jason Duaine |last=Hahn |title=Happy Birthday, iTunes: Here's How Apple's Media App Has Changed Over 14 Years |url=http://www.complex.com/pop-culture/2015/01/worst-itunes-changes/ |website=Complex |publisher=Verizon Hearst Media Partners |date=January 10, 2015 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
22. ^{{cite web |first=Sam |last=Costello |title=Using the Up Next Feature in iTunes |url=https://www.lifewire.com/up-next-feature-in-itunes-4103858 |website=Lifewire |publisher=Dotdash |date=February 9, 2017 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
23. ^{{cite web |first=David |last=Chartier |title=Apple rocks out, announces new iPods, iTunes 8 |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2008/09/apple-announces-new-products-at-lets-rock-event/ |website=Ars Technica |publisher=Condé Nast |date=September 9, 2008 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
24. ^{{cite web |first=Daniel |last=Dumas |title=Let's rock: Apple unveils new iPod, Genius playlists, HDTV, NBC |url=https://www.wired.com/2008/09/apple-event-let/ |website=Wired |publisher=Condé Nast |date=September 9, 2008 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
25. ^{{cite web |first=Tim |last=Cox |title=Tip: Update Genius in iTunes 9 to Access Genius Mixes |url=https://www.cultofmac.com/16094/update-genius-in-itunes-9-to-access-genius-mixes/ |website=Cult of Mac |date=September 9, 2009 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
26. ^{{cite web |first=Steven |last=Sande |title=iTunes 9 Genius Mixes: You don't need to be a genius to create 'em |url=https://www.engadget.com/2009/09/11/itunes-9-genius-mixes-you-dont-need-to-be-a-genius-to-create/ |website=Engadget |publisher=Oath Inc. |date=September 11, 2009 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
27. ^{{cite web |first=Bryan |last=Gardiner |title=Use Smart playlists to keep your iPhone filled with your newest music |url=https://www.wired.com/2013/09/itunes-smart-playlist/ |website=Wired |publisher=Condé Nast |date=September 3, 2013 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
28. ^{{cite web |first=Gina |last=Trapani |title=Top 10 iTunes Smart Playlists |url=https://lifehacker.com/355743/top-10-itunes-smart-playlists |website=Lifehacker |publisher=Univision Communications |date=February 13, 2008 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
29. ^{{cite web |first=Nik |last=Rawlinson |title=How to share your iTunes music library on a home network |url=https://www.cnet.com/how-to/how-to-share-your-itunes-music-library-on-a-home-network/ |website=CNET |publisher=CBS Interactive |date=June 13, 2012 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
30. ^{{cite web |first=Drew |last=Prindle |title=How to share your iTunes library |url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/how-to-share-your-itunes-library/ |website=Digital Trends |date=April 4, 2013 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
31. ^{{cite web |first=Lance |last=Whitney |title=How to Share Your iTunes Library Among Multiple Devices |url=http://uk.pcmag.com/music-products/87884/news/how-to-share-your-itunes-library-among-multiple-devices |website=PC Magazine |publisher=Ziff Davis |date=February 16, 2017 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
32. ^{{cite web |first=Jim |last=Heid |title=Create CD Inserts in iTunes |url=https://www.macworld.com/article/1040086/software-graphics/digitalhubnov.html |website=Macworld |publisher=International Data Group |date=October 18, 2004 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
33. ^{{cite web |first=Topher |last=Kessler |title=How to improve sound quality in iTunes |url=https://www.cnet.com/how-to/how-to-improve-sound-quality-in-itunes/ |website=CNET |publisher=CBS Interactive |date=December 4, 2012 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
34. ^{{cite web |first=Kirk |last=McElhearn |title=How to tweak your sound in iTunes and on iOS devices |url=https://www.macworld.com/article/3074418/streaming-media/how-to-tweak-your-sound-in-itunes-and-on-ios-devices.html |website=Macworld |publisher=International Data Group |date=June 6, 2016 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
35. ^{{cite web |title=iTunes 4.8 adds video support, Yorkdale store photos, more |url=http://appleinsider.com/articles/05/05/09/itunes_48_adds_video_support_yorkdale_store_photos_more |website=AppleInsider |date=May 9, 2005 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
36. ^{{cite web |first=Luke |last=Dormehl |title=Today in Apple history: iTunes experiments with video downloads |url=https://www.cultofmac.com/480263/today-apple-history-itunes-experiments-video-downloads/ |website=Cult of Mac |date=May 9, 2017 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
37. ^1 {{cite web |first=Mathew |last=Honan |title=Apple Releases iTunes 6 |url=https://www.macworld.com/article/1047429/itunes6.html |website=Macworld |publisher=International Data Group |date=October 12, 2005 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
38. ^{{cite web |first=Dan |last=Frakes |title=First Look: iTunes Digital Copy |url=https://www.macworld.com/article/1131751/digitalcopy.html |website=Macworld |publisher=International Data Group |date=January 22, 2008 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
39. ^{{cite web |title=Lionsgate joins Apple's Digital Copy for iTunes program |url=http://appleinsider.com/articles/08/03/10/lionsgate_joins_apples_digital_copy_for_itunes_program.html |website=AppleInsider |date=March 10, 2008 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
40. ^{{cite web |first=Neil |last=Hughes |title=iTunes Digital Copy redemptions from non-4K Blu-rays appear to support 4K streaming on new Apple TV |url=http://appleinsider.com/articles/17/09/22/itunes-digital-copy-redemptions-from-non-4k-blu-rays-appear-to-support-4k-streaming-on-new-apple-tv |website=AppleInsider |date=September 22, 2017 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
41. ^{{cite web |first=Pete |last=Naughton |title=The 10 best ever podcasts |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/11668186/The-10-best-ever-podcasts.html |website=The Daily Telegraph |publisher=Telegraph Media Group |date=June 14, 2015 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
42. ^1 {{cite web |first=Cyrus |last=Farivar |title=iTunes 4.9 First Look: Apple takes on Podcasting |url=https://www.macworld.com/article/1045522/podcastingfirstlook.html |website=Macworld |publisher=International Data Group |date=June 28, 2005 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
43. ^{{cite web |first=Mike |last=Schramm |title=How to: Create a smart podcast playlist in iTunes |url=https://www.engadget.com/2008/02/01/how-to-create-a-smart-podcast-playlist-in-itunes/ |website=Engadget |publisher=Oath Inc. |date=February 1, 2008 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
44. ^{{cite web |first1=Bobbie |last1=Johnson |first2=Charles |last2=Arthur |title=Apple iPad: the wait is over – but is it future of media or oversized phone? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2010/jan/27/apple-ipad-tablet-computer-kindle |website=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian Media Group |date=January 27, 2010 |accessdate=February 16, 2017}}
45. ^{{cite web |first=Lex |last=Friedman |title=The App Store turns five: A look back and forward |url=https://www.macworld.com/article/2043841/the-app-store-turns-five-a-look-back-and-forward.html |website=Macworld |publisher=International Data Group |date=July 8, 2013 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
46. ^1 {{cite web |first=Chris |last=Welch |title=Apple starts cutting the bloat from iTunes by removing iOS App Store |url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/9/12/16298988/apple-itunes-desktop-update-removes-app-store |website=The Verge |publisher=Vox Media |date=September 12, 2017 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
47. ^{{cite web |first=Jake |last=Smith |title=Apple's iTunes removes iOS App Store from desktop version |url=http://www.zdnet.com/article/apple-removes-ios-app-store-from-desktop-versions-of-itunes/ |website=ZDNet |publisher=CBS Interactive |date=September 13, 2017 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
48. ^{{cite web |first=Benjamin |last=Mayo |title=Apple still offers an iTunes version with App Store, Ringtones and other features removed in ‘focused’ iTunes 12.7 |url=https://9to5mac.com/2017/10/09/apple-itunes-apps-focused-removed-stopgap/ |website=9to5Mac |date=October 9, 2017 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
49. ^{{cite web |first=Tim |last=Hardwick |title=Apple Quietly Releases iTunes 12.6.3 With Built-In App Store |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2017/10/09/apple-itunes-with-app-store-included/ |website=MacRumors |date=October 9, 2017 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
50. ^{{cite web |first=Brian X. |last=Chen |title=April 28, 2003: Apple opens iTunes Store |url=https://www.wired.com/2010/04/0428itunes-music-store-opens/ |website=Wired |publisher=Condé Nast |date=April 28, 2010 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
51. ^{{cite web |first=Daniel Eran |last=Dilger |title=How FairPlay Works: Apple's iTunes DRM Dilemma |url=http://www.roughlydrafted.com/RD/RDM.Tech.Q1.07/2A351C60-A4E5-4764-A083-FF8610E66A46.html |website=RoughlyDrafted |date=February 26, 2007 |accessdate=December 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170927030905/http://www.roughlydrafted.com/RD/RDM.Tech.Q1.07/2A351C60-A4E5-4764-A083-FF8610E66A46.html |archive-date=2017-09-27 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
52. ^{{cite web |first=Dave |last=Hamilton |title=How iTunes Movie DRM-Removal Software Keeps Me Honest |url=https://www.macobserver.com/tmo/article/itunes-drm-removal-keeps-me-legal |website=The Mac Observer |date=September 2, 2015 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
53. ^{{cite web |first=Jim |last=Tanous |title=The iTunes DRM Removal Saga: NoteBurner and a Look Back at Requiem |url=https://www.tekrevue.com/itunes-drm-removal/ |website=TekRevue |date=September 2, 2015 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
54. ^{{cite web |first=Arnold |last=Kim |title=Steve Jobs 'Thoughts on Music' - Asks for No Digital Rights Management |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2007/02/06/steve-jobs-thoughts-on-music/ |website=MacRumors |date=February 6, 2007 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
55. ^{{cite web |first=Michael |last=Arrington |authorlink=Michael Arrington |title=EMI, Apple To Sell DRM-Free Music for $1.29/song |url=https://techcrunch.com/2007/04/02/emi-apple-are-announcing-sale-of-non-drm-music/ |website=TechCrunch |publisher=Oath Inc. |date=April 2, 2007 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
56. ^{{cite web |first=Bobbie |last=Johnson |title=Apple drops DRM copy protection from millions of iTunes songs |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2009/jan/06/apple-drops-itunes-copy-protection |website=The Guardian |publisher=Guardian Media Group |date=January 6, 2009 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
57. ^{{cite web |first=Peter |last=Cohen |title=iTunes U comes to the iTunes Store |url=https://www.macworld.com/article/1058118/itunesu.html |website=Macworld |publisher=International Data Group |date=May 30, 2007 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
58. ^{{cite web |first=Scott |last=McNulty |title=iTunes U comes to the iTunes Store |url=https://www.engadget.com/2007/05/30/itunes-u-comes-to-the-itunes-store/ |website=Engadget |publisher=Oath Inc. |date=May 30, 2007 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
59. ^{{cite web |first=Tim |last=Hardwick |title=iTunes U Collections Will Move to Apple Podcasts From September |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2017/08/21/itunes-u-collections-to-apple-podcasts-september/ |website=MacRumors |date=August 21, 2017 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
60. ^{{cite web |first=Chris |last=Ziegler |title=iTunes in the Cloud beta available today, iTunes Match lets you 'upload' the tracks you already own for $24.99 a year |url=https://www.theverge.com/2011/06/06/itunes-cloud-announced/ |website=The Verge |publisher=Vox Media |date=June 6, 2011 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
61. ^{{cite web |first=Courtney Boyd |last=Myers |title=iTunes Match: Apple announces its cloud based music service |url=https://thenextweb.com/wwdc/2011/06/06/apple-announces-itunes-in-the-cloud/ |website=The Next Web |date=June 6, 2011 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
62. ^{{cite web |first=Tyler |last=Gray |title=Why Apple’s iTunes Is Still Fundamentally Flawed, Even In iOS 7 |url=https://www.fastcompany.com/3017628/why-apples-itunes-is-still-fundamentally-flawed-even-in-ios-7 |website=Fast Company |publisher=Mansueto Ventures |date=September 18, 2013 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
63. ^{{cite web |first=Doug |last=Gross |title=Apple arrives (late?) to music streaming with iTunes Radio |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/06/10/tech/web/itunes-radio-apple-wwdc/index.html |website=CNN |publisher=Turner Broadcasting System |date=June 11, 2013 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
64. ^{{cite web |first1=Ben |last1=Popper |first2=Micah |last2=Singleton |title=Apple announces its streaming music service, Apple Music |url=https://www.theverge.com/2015/6/8/8729481/apple-music-streaming-service-wwdc-15 |website=The Verge |publisher=Vox Media |date=June 8, 2015 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
65. ^{{cite web |first=Jonathan |last=Geller |title=iPhone 3G: the details you never wanted to know |url=http://bgr.com/2008/06/09/iphone-3g-the-details-you-never-wanted-to-know/ |website=BGR |publisher=Penske Media Corporation |date=June 9, 2008 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
66. ^{{cite web |first=Chloe |last=Albanesius |title=Apple Goes Social with 'Ping' Inside iTunes 10 |url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2368579,00.asp |website=PC Magazine |publisher=Ziff Davis |date=September 1, 2010 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
67. ^{{cite web |first=Angela |last=Moscaritolo |title=Apple Shutting Down iTunes Ping on Sept. 30 |url=http://uk.pcmag.com/music-products/60441/news/apple-shutting-down-itunes-ping-on-sept-30 |website=PC Magazine |publisher=Ziff Davis |date=September 13, 2012 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
68. ^{{cite web |first=Christopher |last=Williams |title=Apple iTunes flaw 'allowed government spying for 3 years' |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/apple/8912714/Apple-iTunes-flaw-allowed-government-spying-for-3-years.html |website=The Daily Telegraph |publisher=Telegraph Media Group |date=November 24, 2011 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
69. ^{{cite web |first=Amy |last=Wang |title=iTunes is 13 years old—and it’s still awful |url=https://qz.com/666078/itunes-is-13-years-old-today-and-its-still-awful/ |website=Quartz |publisher=Atlantic Media |date=April 28, 2016 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
70. ^{{cite web |first=Ben |last=Lovejoy |title=Opinion: iTunes is now so clunky the only safe solution is to nuke it from orbit |url=https://9to5mac.com/2015/07/28/opinion-itunes-nuke-from-orbit/ |website=9to5Mac |date=July 28, 2015 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
71. ^{{cite web |first=Robinson |last=Meyer |title=iTunes Really Is That Bad |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/07/why-is-itunes-so-bad/399833/ |website=The Atlantic |publisher=Emerson Collective |date=July 29, 2015 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
72. ^{{cite web |first=Scott |last=Gilbertson |title=The top ten reasons iTunes sucks |url=https://www.wired.com/2008/11/the_top_ten_reasons_itunes_sucks/ |website=Wired |publisher=Condé Nast |date=November 5, 2008 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}
73. ^{{cite web |first=Ed |last=Bott |title=Slimming down the bloated iTunes installer |url=http://www.zdnet.com/article/slimming-down-the-bloated-itunes-installer/ |website=ZDNet |publisher=CBS Interactive |date=October 3, 2008 |accessdate=December 16, 2017}}

External links

{{Wikibooks|iTunes}}{{commons category}}
  • {{Official website|https://www.apple.com/itunes|iTunes}} – official site
{{navboxes
|title=iTunes
|list1={{Media player (application software)}}{{Apple software}}{{Apple software on Windows}}{{macOS}}{{Aggregators}}{{Apple}}
}}

21 : ITunes|Apple Inc. services|Digital audio|Online music database clients|Streaming music services|Computer-related introductions in 2001|2001 software|Apple Inc. software|IOS software|IPod software|Mobile device management software|MacOS CD ripping software|Podcasting software|Tag editors|Windows CD ripping software|Windows CD/DVD writing software|Internet properties established in 2001|Jukebox-style media players|Mac OS media players|MacOS media players|Windows media players
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/11/12 3:03:55