“Jake Plummer”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Jason Steven "Jake" Plummer (born December 19, 1974) is a former professional American football player, a quarterback for ten seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Arizona Cardinals in the second round of the 1997 NFL Draft, and spent his first six seasons with the Cardinals and the last four with the Denver Broncos. Plummer played college football at Arizona State University.

His nickname, "Jake the Snake," was given to him as a tribute to professional wrestler, Jake "the Snake" Roberts. Coincidentally, Roberts adopted that nickname as a tribute to his favorite NFL player, former Oakland Raiders quarterback Ken Stabler, who was nicknamed "Snake."

Plummer joined the Pac-12 Network in 2013 as a studio analyst for college football.^[1]

Early years

Born in Boise, Idaho in 1974, Jake and his two older brothers spent much of their youth at the family lumber mill and warehouse in Smiley Creek, a town of 50 in the Sawtooths.^[2] Plummer attended Pierce Park Elementary, Hillside Junior High, and graduated from Capital High School in 1993. He was a three-sport star in high school, playing baseball and basketball in addition to football. Plummer was selected all-state as both a quarterback and punter and passed for 6,097 yards and 68 touchdowns in his junior and senior years.^[3]

College career

Plummer accepted a football scholarship to Arizona State University in Tempe. He did not redshirt and took over as the starting quarterback (from Grady Benton) early in his freshman season in 1993. He had consistent, but not outstanding, statistical output during his career, and never led the Pac-10 in any major statistical category.^[4] He threw for an impressive 1,650 yards in his freshman season, but also had seven interceptions to just nine touchdowns. He broke 2,000 yards in 1994 as a sophomore, and upped his touchdowns to 15. As a junior in 1995, his 2,222 yards and 17 touchdowns, many coming at pivotal moments in games, earned him a strong fan-base and all-conference honors despite a lackluster 6-5 record.^[5]

His senior season in 1996 was arguably the best in school history. Arizona State attracted national attention on September 21 when they shut out top-ranked Nebraska {{nowrap|19–0}} to snap the Huskers' 26-game winning streak. Plummer evaded a sack to toss a 25-yard touchdown on the game's opening drive, and finished 20 of 36 for 292 yards, setting a new school record for career passing yards in the process.^[6] He led ASU to an undefeated regular season and a Pac-10 championship, aided in no small part by fellow all-conference linebacker and close personal friend Pat Tillman. In the Rose Bowl, he scored a sensational 11-yard go-ahead touchdown run late in the fourth quarter, but Ohio State responded and won {{nowrap|20–17.}} A victory likely would have meant a national championship as the only undefeated team in the nation, but their final ranking was fourth.^[2] Plummer was third in the Heisman Trophy voting behind Florida's Danny Wuerffel and Iowa State's Troy Davis,^[7] was a second team All-American, and the Pac-10's Offensive Player of the Year.

Plummer ended his career with several school records; most have since been surpassed, but his 34 games with a rushing or passing touchdown remains an ASU record. A dedicated student, Plummer was also a two-time Academic All-Conference player. A 2013 review listed Jake Plummer as the 16th-best all-time Sun Devil player.^[5]

College statistics

Professional career

Arizona Cardinals (1997–2002)

Plummer was drafted in the 2nd round of the 1997 NFL draft by the hometown Arizona Cardinals. He played behind Kent Graham and Stoney Case at the start of his rookie season. He took his first snap late in the 4th quarter of game 7, and promptly led the Cardinals on a 98-yard drive, going 4-of-6 for 87 yards and capping it with a 31-yard go-ahead touchdown. He led the Cardinals to 3 of their 4 victories that year. Already locally popular from his days at ASU, according to teammate Chad Carpenter he was now treated "like a god. We go to a restaurant and people stand up and clap when he walks by."^[2] In 1998, the Cardinals drafted Plummer's friend Pat Tillman, and the two started all 16 games en route to a 9–7 regular season record. In game 10 against Dallas Cowboys, he threw for a stellar 465 yards and three touchdowns. In the playoffs, he led the Cardinals to an upset of the same Cowboys for the franchise's first postseason victory since 1947,^[9] before losing in the second round to Minnesota Vikings.

Plummer had a disappointing season in 1999; he went 3–8 as a starter, threw 9 touchdowns to 24 interceptions, and the Cardinals finished 6–10. Regarding Plummer's season, the Football Outsiders commented: "At the start of the 1999 season, Jake Plummer was being celebrated as one of the NFL's best young quarterbacks, the man who would make the Cardinals respectable again. By the end of the 1999 season, Plummer ranked as the league's worst quarterback."^[10] His reputation as a risk-taking "gunslinger" became a liability. In 2000 Plummer threw for 2,946 yards, 21 interceptions, and had a 66.0 quarterback rating. Although he reached 10,000 career passing yards (in 47 starts), Plummer compiled a 3–11 record and the Cardinals finished last in the NFC East.

Plummer bounced back in 2001 with his best statistical season with the Cardinals. He was one of only two NFL quarterbacks to take every snap for his team (Kerry Collins was the other), and he passed for 3,653 yards, 18 touchdowns, and 14 interceptions. During the season, he had a stretch of 142 consecutive pass attempts without throwing an interception. Plummer also led the NFL in fourth-quarter passing yards (1,227) and the Cardinals to a 7–9 record.

Plummer's last season with the Cardinals was 2002 and again his statistics were down (65.7 passer rating, 2,972 yards, 18 touchdowns and 20 interceptions). On September 22 against the San Diego Chargers, he eclipsed 15,000 career passing yards.

Denver Broncos (2003–2006)

After spending the first decade of his adult life in the Valley of the Sun, Plummer signed as a free agent with the Denver Broncos in 2003, replacing Brian Griese. Though the laid-back Plummer would clash often with the domineering head coach Mike Shanahan,^[2] his guidance helped Plummer finish with a career-high 91.2 quarterback rating. On September 22, he had the longest run by a Broncos QB on Monday Night Football, a 40-yard scramble in a 31–10 win over the Oakland Raiders.^[11] He led the Broncos to a wild card playoff berth, where the Broncos were beaten 41–10 by the Indianapolis Colts.

In 2004 he matched or surpassed several of Broncos Hall of Fame QB John Elway's passing records (including passing yardage and passing touchdowns in a single season). In a game 1 win against Kansas City, he reached 20,000 career passing yards. In game 8, he threw for a spectacular 499 yards and 4 touchdowns against Atlanta. However, continuing a career-long shortcoming, he also threw three interceptions in the loss, and led the league that season with 20. He led the Broncos to a second straight wild card playoff berth, but the Broncos were again beaten by the Colts 49–24, despite Plummer's 103.1 passer rating in the contest.

In 2005 Plummer experienced arguably his best season as a professional. He threw 229 passes without an interception, the longest such streak of his career. He also began serving as Denver's holder, which he would continue to do through the 2006 season, as well. Along the way, Plummer helped the Broncos compile a 13–3 record, a #2 seed, and a first round bye in the AFC playoffs (behind the Colts). The Broncos' first game was against the New England Patriots in the AFC Divisional Game at Invesco Field. Although not outstanding, Plummer's performance (15–26 for 197 yards, 1 touchdown, 1 interception) helped the Broncos break the Patriots' winning streak of 11 postseason games and gain their first postseason victory since Super Bowl XXXIII. However, Plummer accounted for four turnovers in the AFC Championship game and the Broncos were defeated 34–17 by the eventual Super Bowl champion Pittsburgh Steelers.

On November 27, 2006, after a lackluster performance in the first eleven games, and following back-to-back losses to the San Diego Chargers and Kansas City Chiefs, head coach Mike Shanahan announced that Plummer would be replaced at starting quarterback by rookie Jay Cutler. The decision to hand a 7–4 team over to a rookie quarterback was met by fans and media with mixed reactions.^[12]^[2] Those who viewed Plummer as inconsistent heralded the change as one that would revive the Broncos' struggling offense;^[13] others claimed such a move was ill-advised, especially given that Plummer had guided the Broncos to the AFC Championship game the year before; Plummer had also been 40–18 with Denver in both regular season and playoff games, while leading his teams to 30 game-tying/winning drives in his career, a league high. In the last game of the season, Plummer came off the bench against the San Francisco 49ers after Cutler suffered a concussion. He played the remainder of the first half before Cutler played the second half.

Tampa Bay Buccaneers (2007)

On March 3, 2007, Plummer was traded to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers for a 2008 conditional draft pick. However, rumors began to surface that Plummer was going to choose retirement over competition with the Buccaneers' four other quarterbacks on the roster (Bruce Gradkowski, Tim Rattay, Jeff Garcia, and Luke McCown).^[14] On March 9, Plummer ended the speculation by announcing his decision to retire.^[2] Plummer also confirmed his retirement through the Jake Plummer Foundation's website.^[15]

Since he was still under contract to the Buccaneers and had already been given his contract signing bonus, Tampa Bay coach Jon Gruden met with Plummer in July to try to convince him to reconsider and report for training camp.^[2]^[16] However, the attempt was unsuccessful and the team sued for recovery of the bonus. A settlement was finally reached on June 10, 2008 in which Plummer was required to pay back $3.5 million to the Buccaneers.^[17]

NFL Statistics

Handball

Since his retirement from the NFL, Plummer has been an avid player of four-wall handball.^[2] He attended his first professional handball tournament in 2007 when he entered the Simple Green US Open of Handball (with brother Eric) in the pro doubles division where the pair lost to future Hall of Fame members John Bike and Danny Bell. In 2008, Plummer hosted his own pro invitational and lost in the finals of the pro consolation bracket to #37 ranked, Jeff Kastner. Also in 2008, Plummer lost in the semifinals of the 2008's Idaho State Singles Championships to his brother (the eventual champion).^[19]^[20]

Personal life

On March 23, 1997, Plummer was accused of fondling three women at the Tempe, Arizona night club, Club Rio. The women stated to police that Plummer reached under their skirts and down their pants while dancing with them and consuming alcohol. When one of the women objected, he allegedly kicked her in the leg. Plummer was formally charged on May 28, 1997, with felony sexual abuse. He later struck a plea bargain, received two years probation, was also fined $1,020, and ordered to perform 100 hours of community service.^[21] Plummer's off-the-field reputation remained rocky throughout his career, with much attention devoted to flipping off a fan, a loud traffic dispute, and a feud with a Denver gossip columnist.^[2] Plummer has also stirred controversy with his support of medical marijuana, which he claims to use regularly to deal with lingering post-football injuries,^[22] and hostile reaction to Jerry Jones' dismissal of NFL players with brain injuries.^[23] Plummer also started an Alzheimer's foundation, made time during his career to walk dogs at a shelter he donated $10,000 to on retirement, and developed personal connections with children affected by 9/11.^[2]

Plummer married former Broncos cheerleader Kollette Klassen on August 26, 2007, who he met in 2005. In June 2010, Kollette gave birth to the couple's first child. On retirement, Jake grew a scraggly beard and moved to Sandpoint, Idaho (though the couple also have a house in Boulder, Colorado) where he lived in relative anonymity. His former agent Leigh Steinberg said he is "one of the minuscule few that I could see living a completely fulfilled life away from sport... he was as close to an egoless major star as I've seen." When a concerned Meals on Wheels supervisor in Sandpoint insisted her jobless, "scruffy", long-time volunteer keep track of the miles he drove for the organization for reimbursement, she was "dumbstruck" to discover he was a former NFL star.^[2]

In September 2007, Plummer was inducted into the Arizona State Hall of Fame. Later that year, he made a brief appearance in the 2007 Holiday Bowl, when he introduced the ASU players prior to the team playing game. On October 29, 2010, Plummer was honored, along with all Sun Devil Quarterbacks, at a Legends Luncheon hosted by the Arizona State University Alumni Association and Sun Devil Club. Other honorees included Danny White, Andrew Walter, John F. Goodman, and Jeff Van Raaphorst.^[24] Plummer has been an assistant football coach at Sandpoint High School since 2009.^[25]

Relationship with Pat Tillman

Plummer was a teammate with safety Pat Tillman, at both Arizona State and the Arizona Cardinals, and the two became close friends.^[2] After the 2001 season, while Plummer was still with the Cardinals, Tillman joined the U.S. Army Rangers in response to 9/11. During leave in January 2004, the two showed up announced at a handball tournament in Seattle in support of Jake's brother, Eric.^[2]

Following Tillman's death in Afghanistan on April 22, 2004, all NFL players wore a memorial decal on their helmets on September 24 in honor of Tillman and the Cardinals continued to wear this decal throughout the 2004 season. Plummer, who by this point was with the Broncos, also requested to wear the decal for the entire season, but the NFL turned him down because his helmet would not be uniform with the rest of his team. For the 2005 season Plummer grew an untrimmed, full beard and wore his hair long in honor of Tillman,^[2] who had worn such a style in the NFL before cutting his hair and shaving off his beard to fit military uniform guidelines. Plummer delivered Tillman's funeral eulogy in a suit and flip-flops in honor of his friend's trademark style.^[2]

Medical cannabis advocacy

Plummer uses cannabidiol (CBD) to treat the pain, inflammation, and headaches that he has experienced as a result of his years playing football.^[26] Plummer says his condition improved so much after he started taking CBD that he considered a return to the NFL, almost a decade after retiring.^[27] Plummer has served as a spokesperson for CW Botanicals, a company that manufactures CBD products.^[26] He has also helped raise funds for cannabinoid research.^[28]

In November 2016, Plummer was among the signatories of an open letter addressed to the NFL, urging a change in the league's policy towards cannabis.^[29] The letter was penned by Doctors for Cannabis Regulation and signed by several other NFL players.^[30] Plummer is also a member of the Doctors for Cannabis Regulation NFL steering committee.^[31]

See also

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://pac-12.com/article/2013/08/28/former-arizona-state-quarterback-jake-plummer-joins-pac-12-networks |publisher=Pac-12 Conference |title=Former Arizona State quarterback Jake Plummer joins Pac-12 Networks |date=August 28, 2013 |accessdate=September 8, 2013}}
2. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹¹⁰¹¹¹²¹³¹⁴{{cite web|first=Chris|last=Ballard|title=What Was He Thinking?: You have to wonder why a red-blooded American male in his prime would walk away from fame and fortune as an NFL quarterback to play handball and hang with his family and his dogs. Don't you?|date=February 14, 2011|publisher=Time Inc|work=Sports Illustrated|url=https://www.si.com/vault/2011/02/14/106035675/what-was-he-thinking|accessdate=February 20, 2017}}<
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nflhs.com/news/playersspotlight/jakeplummer_10012003_sim.asp |title=Player Spotlight: Jake Plummer |accessdate=December 15, 2008 |last=Raffel |first=John |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060520174228/http://www.nflhs.com/news/playersspotlight/JakePlummer_10012003_sim.asp |archivedate=May 20, 2006 |df= }}
4. ^{{cite web|title=Jake Plummer College Stats|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cfb/players/jake-plummer-1.html|website=College Football at Sports-Reference.com|language=en}}
5. ^¹{{cite web|last1=Crowley|first1=Kerry|title='Summer of Legends' No. 16 Jake Plummer|url=http://www.houseofsparky.com/2013/8/16/4628318/asu-football-summer-of-legends-no-16-jake-plummer|website=House of Sparky|date=August 16, 2013}}
6. ^{{cite news|title=Football: No. 17 Arizona State 19, No. 1 Nebraska 0|url=http://www.thesundevils.com/sports/2013/4/17/208250213.aspx|work=www.thesundevils.com|agency=Associated Press|language=en}}
7. ^{{cite web|title=1996 Heisman Trophy Voting |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cfb/awards/heisman-1996.html |website=College Football at Sports-Reference.com |language=en |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525102111/http://www.sports-reference.com/cfb/awards/heisman-1996.html |archivedate=May 25, 2012 |df= }}
8. ^{{As of|2017}}; see article Arizona State Sun Devils football statistical leaders or the ASU Media Guide
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/crd/playoffs.htm|title=Arizona Cardinals Playoff History|work=Pro-Football-Reference.com}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.footballoutsiders.com/dvoa-ratings/2005/1999-dvoa-ratings-and-commentary|title=FOOTBALL OUTSIDERS: Innovative Statistics, Intelligent Analysis - 1999 DVOA Ratings and Commentary|work=footballoutsiders.com}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/200309220den.htm|title=Oakland Raiders at Denver Broncos - September 22nd, 2003 - Pro-Football-Reference.com|work=Pro-Football-Reference.com}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.denverbroncos.com/page.php?id=334&storyID=6292 |title=Cutler to Start |accessdate=November 29, 2006 |last=Mason |first=Andrew |date=November 27, 2006 |publisher=DenverBroncos.com }}
13. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.denverpost.com/ci_4722797 |title=Start the Cutler era |accessdate=August 23, 2008 |last=Klis |first=Mike |date=November 26, 2006 |publisher=denverpost.com }}
14. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.denverpost.com/ci_5340491 | title=Plummer refuses to take trade | publisher=DenverPost.com | date=March 2, 2007 | accessdate=March 2, 2007 | author=Bill Williamson}}
15. ^{{cite news| title= Plummer: I'm really retiring | date= March 3, 2007 | publisher=DenverPost.com | url=http://www.denverpost.com/ci_5351843 | first=Mike | last=Klis | accessdate=March 13, 2015}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pewterreport.com/articles/view/3143 |title=Bucs News & Notes July 26, 2007 |publisher=PewterReport.com |date=July 26, 2007 |accessdate=July 26, 2007 |author=Jim Flynn |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927211029/http://www.pewterreport.com/articles/view/3143 |archivedate=September 27, 2007 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
17. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.denverpost.com/sports/ci_9534656 | work=Denver Post | first=Mike | last=Klis | title=Plummer, Bucs reach settlement | date=June 10, 2008}}
18. ^Jake Plummer NFL Profile. NFL.com. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
19. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.denverpost.com/ci_7220039 |title=Plummer's handball odyssey |accessdate=October 22, 2007 |last=Hammond |first=Rich |date=October 19, 2007 |publisher=denverpost.com }}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/page2/story?page=clemmons/081112&sportCat=nfl |title=Where in the world is Jake Plummer? Playing handball |accessdate=November 17, 2008 |last=Clemmons |first=Anna Katherine |date=November 17, 2008 |publisher=espn.com }}
21. ^{{cite news|title=Plummer Gets Probation In Sex-abuse Case|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1997-06-28/sports/9706280015_1_counts-of-sexual-abuse-charges-arizona-state|work=tribunedigital-chicagotribune|agency=Chicago Tribune|language=en}}
22. ^{{cite news | title=A Personal Look At Marijuana Policy | date=December 8, 2014 | publisher=Whaxy | url=https://www.whaxy.com/news/nfl-marijuana-policy-interview | first=Brandon | last=Cook | accessdate=March 13, 2015}}
23. ^{{cite web|last1=Petchesky|first1=Barry|title=Jake Plummer Has Some Thoughts For "Billionaire Asshole" Jerry Jones|url=http://deadspin.com/jake-plummer-has-some-thoughts-for-billionaire-asshole-1782807494|website=Deadspin}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://alumni.asu.edu/news/asu-alumni-association-honor-sun-devil-quarterbacks-oct-29-luncheon |title=News |work=ASU Alumni Association |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100922105058/http://alumni.asu.edu/news/asu-alumni-association-honor-sun-devil-quarterbacks-oct-29-luncheon |archivedate=September 22, 2010 |df= }}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2009/more/wires/04/17/2080.ap.fbh.plummer.high.school.0201/index.html|publisher=Sports Illustrated.com|agency=Associated Press|title=Jake Plummer coaching at Sandpoint High|date=April 17, 2009}}
26. ^¹{{cite news|last1=Plummer|first1=Jake|title=Jake Plummer's Plan to Alleviate Pain for Players|url=https://www.si.com/mmqb/2016/07/03/jake-plummer-monday-morning-qb-pat-tillman-cannabinoids-pain-nfl|accessdate=February 19, 2018|work=Sports Illustrated|date=July 4, 2016}}
27. ^{{cite news|title=Jake Plummer pushes NFL to research possible marijuana benefits|url=https://www.foxsports.com/nfl/story/jake-plummer-denver-broncos-marijuana-cbd-oil-benefits-cte-concussions-031616|accessdate=February 19, 2018|work=Fox Sports|date=March 16, 2016}}
28. ^{{cite news|last1=Jhabvala|first1=Nicki|title=Jake Plummer, Realm of Caring team up for another Broncos game-day experience to benefit cannabinoid research|url=https://www.denverpost.com/2017/10/26/jake-plummer-realm-of-caring-cannabinoid-research/|accessdate=February 18, 2018|work=The Denver Post|date=October 26, 2017}}
29. ^{{cite news|last1=Jhabvala|first1=Nicki|title=Players, Doctors for Cannabis Regulation pen letter to NFL urging policy reform|url=http://www.denverpost.com/2016/11/11/players-doctors-for-cannabis-regulation-pen-letter-nfl/|accessdate=February 18, 2018|work=The Denver Post|date=November 11, 2016}}
30. ^{{cite news|title=An Open Letter to the National Football League|url=http://dfcr.org/wp-content/uploads/NFL-open-letter.pdf|work=Doctors for Cannabis Regulation|date=November 11, 2016}}
31. ^{{cite web|title=NFL Steering Committee Members|url=https://dfcr.org/team/|website=Doctors for Cannabis Regulation|accessdate=February 18, 2018}}