| 词条 | Jesse James Hollywood |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = Jesse James Hollywood | honorific_suffix = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = Jesse James Hollywood.jpg | image_upright = | image_size = 150px | alt = | caption = Photograph taken in 2005. | birth_name = Jesse James Hollywood | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1980|1|28}} | birth_place = West Hills, Los Angeles, California, U.S. | disappeared_date = | disappeared_place = | disappeared_status = | death_date = | death_place = | death_cause = | body_discovered = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | monuments = | residence = Calipatria State Prison | nationality = | other_names = | citizenship = | education = | alma_mater = | occupation = Drug dealer | years_active = | employer = | organization = | agent = | known_for = Murder of Nicholas Markowitz | notable_works = | style = | home_town = | salary = | net_worth = | height = | weight = | television = | title = | term = | predecessor = | successor = | party = | movement = | opponents = | boards = | criminal_charge = Kidnapping and murder with special circumstances | conviction_penalty = Life imprisonment | conviction_status = Incarcerated | spouse = | children = 1 | parents = | relatives = | callsign = | awards = | website = | allegiance = | motive = Drug dealing | conviction = | reward_amount = | capture_status = | wanted_by = | partners = | wanted_since = | time_at_large = 4 years | escaped = | escape_end = | comments = | victims = 1 | date = | time = | beginyear = | endyear = | country = United States | states = California | locations = | targets = | fatalities = | injuries = | weapons = Gun | apprehended = 2005 | imprisoned = | module = | signature = | signature_size = | signature_alt = | footnotes = }} Jesse James Hollywood (born January 28, 1980) is an American former drug dealer who kidnapped and ordered the murder of Nicholas Markowitz in 2000. He was arrested in 2005 and is serving life without parole at Calipatria State Prison in Calipatria, California. Childhood and adolescenceHollywood was born to Jack and Laurie Hollywood and was raised in West Hills, Los Angeles.[1] As a child he was involved in junior baseball league. His father moved the family to Colorado in an attempt to run a restaurant in the mid-1990s, but returned to West Hills in 1995. Hollywood attended El Camino Real High School where he played baseball.[2] During his adolescent years he started power lifting and ingesting muscle supplements to help build up his muscle mass. His coach would later describe him as an "emotional kid" who was later expelled for erupting into a violent fit of rage at one of his teachers near the end of his sophomore year. He transferred to Calabasas High School where he played on the varsity baseball team until he injured his back and leg, forcing him to give up the sport.[2] Investigators believe he started selling illegal drugs a year before he ordered the murder of Nicholas Markowitz. He recruited his former high school friends William Skidmore, Brian Affronti, Benjamin Markowitz, and Jesse Rugge to dispense narcotics for him and build up a profitable illicit drug operation.[2] He had been a close friend of Benjamin Markowitz, playing on the same junior baseball league and would visit the same Malibu, California gymnasium to exercise together.[3] MurderOn August 6th, 2000, Hollywood and some of his crew of drug dealers kidnapped Nicholas Markowitz. Nicholas was half-brother to Ben Markowitz, who owed Hollywood $1,200 in a drug debt. The intention was to use Nicholas as leverage in order to get Ben Markowitz to pay the debt. Nicholas was taken from Los Angeles to Santa Barbara, and held for three days. Hollywood became concerned about his circumstances after consulting a lawyer who told him anyone involved with the kidnapping was likely to do time in prison. Hollywood ordered Ryan Hoyt, one of his minions, to kill Markowitz, giving Hoyt a TEC-9 gun to do it with. [4] On August 9th, Hoyt and other minions of Hollywood took Markowitz to a rural location in the mountains north of Santa Barbara and killed him, burying his body in a shallow grave.[5] The grave, however, was too shallow, and close to a popular hiking trail. The body was found five days later. Life as a fugitiveWhen Ryan Hoyt was arrested, Hollywood fled the country into Canada and then went to Brazil with help from his father Jack Hollywood, his godfather Richard Dispenza (who was unaware he was a fugitive at the time), and his girlfriend.[6][7] Law enforcement agencies and the Markowitz family offered a reward of {{Currency|30000|US}} for information leading to Hollywood's capture,[8] an amount later raised to {{Currency|50000|US}}.[9] Hollywood lived on Copacabana Beach where he assumed the identity of "Michael Costa Giroux" and claimed to be a native of Rio de Janeiro, and later on, of Saquarema.[2] To blend in, he learned the Portuguese language. He earned money in Brazil by putting up posters advertising a nightclub and later got jobs teaching private English language classes and as a dog walker. Yet the bulk of the money he lived on came from a {{Currency|1200|US}} monthly stipend from his father.[10] He was profiled on America's Most Wanted in September 2000 and June 2004, and twice in 2005 after he was captured. The story was featured on NBC's Dateline and four times on Fox Network's America's Most Wanted[2][5] He developed a relationship with Marcia Reis and in November 2004 she got pregnant. Hollywood thought her pregnancy would prevent him from being extradited to the United States, as he believed Brazilian law included a provision that protected the father of a native Brazilian from extradition. This had been true but had changed after the international controversy with Ronnie Biggs.[2] Additionally, since he had arrived in the country with a false passport he was an illegal immigrant, which meant he could be deported regardless of his fathering a child with a native Brazilian.{{citation needed|date=August 2015}} United States authorities worked with Brazilian agents and discovered that Hollywood was planning to meet a cousin at a mall.[11] He was arrested by Brazilian authorities in Saquarema in March 2005.[2] In July 2005 Reis gave birth to Hollywood's son, named John Paul Hollywood-Reis.[12] In 2005, on the same day Jesse James Hollywood was arrested in Brazil, his father was arrested for manufacturing the illicit narcotic GHB,[13] but the charge was later thrown out of court. Jack Hollywood remained in custody on an outstanding 2002 warrant for a marijuana-related charge, and later received 18 months in an Arizona prison.[14] While Hollywood had been in Brazil, all of the other participants in the murder were arrested and tried. Ryan Hoyt is currently on death row at San Quentin State Prison. Graham Pressley was released from the California Youth Authority Facility in 2007. As of July 2, 2013, Jesse Rugge was granted parole. William Skidmore was released in April 2009 after serving 9 years behind bars for the kidnapping.[15] Court rulings and trialIn 2006, the movie Alpha Dog, based on Jesse Hollywood and the kidnap and murder of Nicholas Markowitz, premiered. During filming, Santa Barbara County Deputy District Attorney Ronald J. "Ron" Zonen provided copies of many documents on the case and served as an unpaid consultant to the film, citing his desire to have Hollywood captured. Zonen prosecuted Hollywood’s co-defendants and was poised to prosecute Hollywood. James Blatt, Hollywood's defense attorney, claimed there was a conflict of interest, and the California Court of Appeal for the Second District ruled on October 5, 2006 that, based on Zonen's disclosure of the files and consultant service he should be recused from further involvement in prosecuting Hollywood.[16][17] On December 20, 2006, the California Supreme Court granted review on the case effectively staying the order to recuse Zonen.[18] On May 12, 2008, the California Supreme Court ruled that Zonen need not be recused. Nonetheless, Zonen was replaced with Joshua Lynn, who is serving as lead prosecution attorney. While in jail Hollywood began signing his mail as "Alpha Dog" and had mentioned an "Alpha Dog World Tour."[26] After the Court review, in June 2008 his trial date was set to begin February 19, 2009, but it was delayed. Three months later the murder trial officially started on Friday, May 15. The defense's opening statements stated that Hollywood was not involved with the murder.[19] In his opening statement, Santa Barbara County Deputy Dist. Atty. Joshua Lynn described Hollywood as "a ruthless coward."[20] On Monday, May 18, witnesses called to the stand included Jeff Markowitz (the victim's father), Pauline Mahoney (who was driving with her sons when she saw a group of men attacking Markowitz), and Brian Affonti (a one time friend of Hollywood's who was picked up after the kidnapping).[21] Affonti told the jury that he knew about Hollywood's gun, a TEC-9, which is the alleged murder weapon.[21] Chas Salsbury, Hollywood's getaway driver, testified at trial that following the murder "Hollywood seemed remorseful, depressed, and at some points even suicidal."[22] Saulsbury continued on the fifth day with Kelly Carpenter discussing the actions of Rugge and Pressley's mother.[23] The following day saw testimony from Rugge's childhood friend, Richard Hoeflinger, who spoke about what he witnessed.[24] Subsequently, several Santa Barbara residents told the jury about events leading to Nick Markowitz’s murder.[25] At the start of the second week Michelle Lasher, Hollywood's former girlfriend, testified that she still loved Hollywood and was hostile to prosecution.[26] Lasher also admitted to lying to police because she did not want Hollywood to be caught.[27] The Hollywood family friend, attorney Stephen Hogg, told the jury about "a tense conversation in the attorney's Simi Valley backyard" wherein Hogg told Hollywood "that kidnapping can carry a life sentence."[28][29] Graham Pressley's testimony about the events followed Hogg's appearance.[30] Pressley testified that Rugge "told me that Jesse Hollywood offered him $2,000 to kill Nick, but [Rugge said] that that was crazy, [Hollywood] was crazy."[31] Pressley's testimony, important for the prosecution, continued Friday and early into the third week.[32] During this time, Ben Markowitz took the stand.[33] After that, witness Casey Sheehan quoted Hollywood as saying that while he and his longtime friend, Hollywood, dined at an Outback Steakhouse Hollywood told Sheehan that the situation "had been taken care of."[34][35] In the following days, various medical experts and law enforcement officials testified. At this point, the prosecution rested their case on Wednesday of the third week.[36] Hollywood's defense began on the Monday of the third week. Hollywood took the stand on the first day of the defense, denying any role in the murder and saying that he was angry when Hoyt told him about the murder at a birthday party.[37] Hollywood recounted the kidnapping, the events that led up to it, and discussed his life on the run.[38] Hollywood's testimony lasted four days with the prosecution cross-examining Hollywood about making threats, closing bank accounts, withdrawing money, and selling his home.[39] Hollywood spent much of his time on the stand denying the testimony of previous witnesses.[40] The last witness the defense called was District Attorney investigator Paul Kimes, who was questioned by co-counsel Alex Kessel about phone records.[39] Closing arguments began on Tuesday and Wednesday of the fourth week, after which the case went to the jury.[41] During closing statements, the defense said that Hollywood's associates lied[42] while the prosecution called Hollywood "a child killer."[43] The jury considered three different charges, with penalties ranging from 8 years in prison to the death penalty.[44] Conviction and sentencingOn July 8, 2009, following three days of deliberation, the jury reached a verdict.[45][46] The jury found Hollywood guilty of kidnapping and first-degree murder with special circumstances for which he could face the death penalty.[47] On Monday July 13, the jury began the penalty phase of the trial. The mothers of the defendant and the victim took the stand,[48] as did brothers of the defendant and the victim. Closing arguments began during the second day of the penalty phase.[49] July 15, 2009, Hollywood was sentenced according to the jury's recommendation of life in prison.[50] Post-convictionHollywood has continued to file for motions of appeal for both his trial and sentencing in various courts since his initial judgement. On February 5, 2010, the judge upheld Hollywood's sentence to life in prison without the possibility of parole.[51] On February 12, 2012, an appellate court upheld the conviction and denied a motion for a new trial. Hollywood's defense alleged he was not guilty because Markowitz could have left at any time of his own will and chose not to do so, ending Hollywood's responsibility at the time he last saw Markowitz.[52] On January 19, 2014, Hollywood married Melinda Enos, a woman who began writing to him after his sentencing. The ceremony was held in the visitor's room.[53] With the release of Rugge in October 2013, Hollywood and Hoyt are the only two still serving prison sentences for the crimes surrounding Markowitz's kidnapping and death. See also
References1. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.dailynews.com/news/ci_12823984| title=Middle-class Valley suburb unlikely breeding ground for a killer|publisher=Los Angeles Daily News|date=July 13, 2009|accessdate=2009-07-13}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/12207033|title=The long hunt for Jesse James Hollywood|publisher=Dateline|date=April 12, 2006|first=Tim|last=Uehlinger|accessdate=2007-01-01 |dead-url=yes}} 3. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/main.jhtml?xml=/health/2001/03/03/tlkill10.xml|title=With Friends Like These|publisher=Daily Telegraph|date=March 3, 2001|first=Andrew|last=Haldenby|accessdate=2007-01-01|location=London, UK|dead-url=yes}} 4. ^ 5. ^1 [https://www.lamag.com/longform/the-last-ride-of-jesse-james-hollywood/ The Last Ride of Jesse James Hollywood] 6. ^{{cite news|url= https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/58693591.html?dids=58693591:58693591&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT|title= Manhunt: Richard Dispenza is suspected of helping Jesse James Hollywood|publisher= Los Angeles Times|date=August 25, 2000|first=Greg|last=Risling}} 7. ^{{cite news|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/65085018.xml?dids=65085018:65085018&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT|title=Kidnap, Killing of West Hills Teen Unfolds in Testimony|publisher= Los Angeles Times|date=December 10, 2000}} 8. ^{{cite news|url=//losangeles.fbi.gov/pressrel/2001/hollywood.htm |title=FBI And Santa Barbara Authorities Seeking Public's Assistance In Locating Fugitive Jesse James Hollywood |publisher=Federal Bureau of Investigation |year=2001 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060925223724/http://losangeles.fbi.gov/pressrel/2001/hollywood.htm |archivedate=September 25, 2006 |df= }} 9. ^{{cite news|url= http://www.mtv.com/movies/news/articles/1492828/10202004/story.jhtml|title=Timberlake To Begin Shooting 'Alpha Dog'|publisher= MTV.com|date=October 20, 2004}} 10. ^{{cite news|url=http://moreresults.factiva.com/results/index/index.aspx?ref=LAD0000020070110e3170001q|title=Infamous West Valley Murder Comes To Big Screen|publisher=Los Angeles Daily News|date=January 7, 2007}} 11. ^{{cite news|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/805633541.xml?dids=805633541:805633541&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT|title=Fugitive in 2000 Slaying of Teen Found; Jesse James Hollywood, 25, reportedly captured in Brazil|publisher=Los Angeles Times|date=March 10, 2005}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/16636250/page/6|title=The real story behind 'Alpha Dog'|publisher=MSNBC.msn.com|year=2005}} 13. ^{{cite news|url= http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/state/20050310-1604-ca-jessejameshollywood.html|title=Longtime fugitive Jesse James Hollywood captured in Brazil|publisher=The San Diego Union-Tribune|date=March 10, 2005|accessdate=2009-07-01}} 14. ^{{cite news|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/1190444621.html?dids=1190444621:1190444621&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT|title= No Hollywood ending; The true-crime `Alpha Dog' becomes a part of the teen murder case it depicts|publisher=Los Angeles Times|date=January 7, 2007|first=Gina|last=Piccalo|accessdate=2009-07-01}} 15. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/may/21/hollywoods-day-court|title=Hollywood's Day in Court|publisher=The Santa Barbara Independent|date=May 21, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-01}} 16. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2006-10-05-jesse-james-hollywood_x.htm?POE=LIFISVA|title=Deputy DA removed from Jesse James Hollywood murder case|publisher=USA Today|date=October 5, 2006|accessdate=2007-01-01}} 17. ^Hollywood v. Superior Court, 143 Cal. App. 4th 858, 49 Cal. Rptr. 3d 598 (2006), courtinfo.ca.gov; accessed August 15, 2015. 18. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/washingtondc/la-na-scotushollywood21-2008oct21,0,2900953.story|title=Jesse James Hollywood appeal turned down by the Supreme Court|publisher=Los Angeles Times|date=October 21, 2008|first=David G.|last=Savage|accessdate=2007-01-01}} 19. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hu3iSLsUJxnynwnEm-W3zarIXxXwD9870HJG3|title=Jesse James Hollywood called coward at trial|publisher=Associated Press|date=May 15, 2009|first=Greg|last=Risling|accessdate=2009-06-01}} 20. ^{{cite news|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2009/05/kidnapmurder-trial-opens-for-jesse-james-hollywood.html|title=Kidnap-murder trial opens for Jesse James Hollywood|publisher=Los Angeles Times|date=May 15, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-01}} 21. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://www.keyt.com/news/local/45365347.html | title=Testimony Continues In Hollywood Kidnap-Murder Trial | publisher=KEYT | date= May 18, 2009 | first= | last= | accessdate =2009-06-01}} 22. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/may/21/hollywoods-getaway-ride-testifies|title=Hollywood's Getaway Driver Testifies|publisher=The Santa Barbara Independent|date=May 21, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-01}} 23. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/may/25/fifth-day-hollywood|title=The Fifth Day in Hollywood|publisher=The Santa Barbara Independent|date=May 25, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-01}} 24. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/may/27/santa-barbara-witness-takes-stand-hollywood-trial|title=Santa Barbara Witness Takes Stand in Hollywood Trial|publisher=The Santa Barbara Independent|date=May 27, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-01}} 25. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/may/29/more-santa-barbarans-testify-hollywood-trial|title=More Santa Barbarans Testify in Hollywood Trial|publisher=The Santa Barbara Independent|date=May 29, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-02}} 26. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/jun/02/hollywood-girlfriend-accuses-prosecution-blackmail|title=Hollywood Girlfriend Accuses Prosecution of Blackmail|publisher=The Santa Barbara Independent|date=June 2, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-01}} 27. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.keyt.com/news/local/46736982.html|title=Former Girlfriend Testifies In Hollywood Murder Trial|publisher=KEYT|date=June 2, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-02}} 28. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-jesse-james3-2009jun03,0,4400178.story|title=Family friend testifies at Jesse James Hollywood's murder trial|publisher=Los Angeles Times|date=June 3, 2009|first=Steve|last=Chawkins|accessdate=2009-06-03}} 29. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/jun/03/lawyer-who-advised-hollywood-takes-stand|title=Lawyer Who Advised Hollywood Takes Stand|publisher=The Santa Barbara Independent|date=June 3, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-03}} 30. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/jun/04/memory-truthfulness-scrutinized-hollywood-trial|title=Memory, Truthfulness Scrutinized at Hollywood Trial|publisher=The Santa Barbara Independent|date=June 4, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-04}} 31. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thedailysound.com/060409PressleyHollywood|title=Man who dug boy's grave testifies|publisher=Santa Barbara Daily Sound|date=June 4, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-04}} 32. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/jun/06/graham-pressley-testimony-continues|title=Graham Pressley Testimony Continues|publisher=The Santa Barbara Independent|date=June 7, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-07}} 33. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/jun/10/ben-markowitz-stand|title=Ben Markowitz on the Stand, Brother of Victim in Jesse James Hollywood Trial Faces Former Friend in Court|publisher=The Santa Barbara Independent|date=June 8, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-07}} 34. ^Casey Sheehan testimony, independent.com; accessed August 15, 2015. 35. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.noozhawk.com/local_news/article/061009_hollywood_boasted_about_killing_witness_testifies|title=Hollywood Boasted About Killing, Witness Testifies|publisher=Noozhawk Newsletter|date=June 11, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-11}} 36. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/jun/16/prosecution-rests-hollywood-case|title=Prosecution rests in 'Alpha Dog' murder trial|publisher=The Santa Barbara Independent|date=June 16, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-11}} 37. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/jun/16/prosecution-rests-hollywood-case|title=Hollywood takes the stand in Santa Barbara trial|publisher=San Jose Mercury News|date=June 22, 2009|first=Greg|last=Risling|accessdate=2009-06-23}} 38. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hu3iSLsUJxnynwnEm-W3zarIXxXwD990NBKO0|title=Dealer says he regrets kidnap in 'Alpha Dog' case|publisher=The Associated Press|date=June 22, 2009|first=Greg|last=Risling|accessdate=2009-06-23}} 39. ^1 2 {{cite news|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/jun/27/testimony-hollywood-case-ends|title=Testimony in Hollywood Case Ends|publisher=The Santa Barbara Independent|date=June 27, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-27}} 40. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thedailysound.com/062709Hollywood|title=Hollywood trial inches to an end|publisher=Santa Barbara Daily Sound|date=June 27, 2009|accessdate=2009-06-27}} 41. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-hollywood1-2009jul01,0,4554244.story|title=Nicholas Markowitz's parents weep at Jesse James Hollywood's trial|publisher=Los Angeles Times|date=July 1, 2009|first=Steve|last=Chawkins|accessdate=2009-07-27}} 42. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.keyt.com/news/local/49640607.html|title=Defense In Hollywood Trial Says Hollywood's Associates Lied|publisher=KEYT|date=July 1, 2009|accessdate=2009-07-02}} 43. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thedailysound.com/News/070109Hollywood|title=DA calls Hollywood 'child killer'|publisher=Santa Barbara Daily Sound|date=July 1, 2009|accessdate=2009-07-02|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090704003255/http://www.thedailysound.com/News/070109Hollywood|archivedate=July 4, 2009|df=}} 44. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/jul/01/hollywood-case-jury|title=Hollywood Case to the Jury|publisher=The Santa Barbara Independent|date=July 1, 2009|accessdate=2009-07-02}} 45. ^{{cite news|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2009/07/jesse-james-hollywood.html|title=Jesse James Hollywood convicted of first-degree murder and kidnapping|publisher=Los Angeles Times|date=July 8, 2009|accessdate=2009-07-08}} 46. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hu3iSLsUJxnynwnEm-W3zarIXxXwD99AHEA80|title=Verdict reached in Jesse James Hollywood trial|publisher=Associated Press|date=July 8, 2009|accessdate=2009-07-08}} 47. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hu3iSLsUJxnynwnEm-W3zarIXxXwD99AJQ400|title=Jesse James Hollywood convicted of murder, kidnap|publisher=Associated Press|date=July 8, 2009|accessdate=2009-07-08}} 48. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/breakingnews/ci_12832884|title=Parents take stand in Jesse James Hollywood trial|publisher=Mercury News|date=July 14, 2009|accessdate=2009-07-15}} 49. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hu3iSLsUJxnynwnEm-W3zarIXxXwD99EEVPG0|title=Closing arguments begin in Hollywood penalty phase|publisher=Associated Press|date=July 14, 2009|accessdate=2009-07-15}} 50. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2009/jul/15/jesse-james-hollywood-sentenced-life|title=Jesse James Hollywood Sentenced to Life|publisher=The Santa Barbara Independent|date=July 14, 2009|accessdate=2009-07-21}} 51. ^{{cite news|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2010/02/jesse-james-hollywood-gets-life-in-prison-for-santa-barbara-murder.html|title=Jesse James Hollywood gets life in prison for Santa Barbara murder|publisher=Los Angeles Times|date=February 5, 2010|accessdate=2010-02-21}} 52. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.vcstar.com/news/crime/appeals-court-upholds-jesse-james-hollywood-conviction-ep-363871798-352139231.html|title=Appeals court upholds Jesse James Hollywood conviction|publisher=Ventura County Star|date=February 28, 2014|accessdate=2016-01-24}} 53. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.com/news/2014/feb/04/meet-mrs-jesse-james-hollywood/|title=Meet Mrs. Jesse James Hollywood|publisher=Santa Barbara Independent|date=February 4, 2014|accessdate=2016-01-24}} External links
9 : 1980 births|Criminals of Los Angeles|American people convicted of murder|People convicted of murder by California|American prisoners and detainees|Living people|Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by California|People from West Hills, Los Angeles|El Camino Real High School alumni |
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