| 词条 | Keratitis |
| 释义 |
}}{{Infobox medical condition (new) | name = Keratitis | synonyms = | image = Clare-314.jpg | caption = An eye with non-ulcerative sterile keratitis. | pronounce = | field = Ophthalmology | | symptoms = | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }}Keratitis is a condition in which the eye's cornea, the clear dome on the front surface of the eye, becomes inflamed. The condition is often marked by moderate to intense pain and usually involves any of the following symptoms: pain, impaired eyesight, photophobia (light sensitivity), red eye and a 'gritty' sensation.[1] Classification (by chronicity)Acute
Chronic
Classification (infective)Viral
Bacterial
Fungal
Amoebic
Parasitic
Classification (by stage of disease)
Classification (by environmental aetiology)
TreatmentTreatment depends on the cause of the keratitis. Infectious keratitis can progress rapidly, and generally requires urgent antibacterial, antifungal, or antiviral therapy to eliminate the pathogen. Antibacterial solutions include levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, ofloxacin. It is unclear if steroid eye drops are useful or not.[8] In addition, contact lens wearers are typically advised to discontinue contact lens wear and replace contaminated contact lenses and contact lens cases. (Contaminated lenses and cases should not be discarded as cultures from these can be used to identify the pathogen). Aciclovir is the mainstay of treatment for HSV keratitis and steroids should be avoided at all costs in this condition. Application of steroids to a dendritic ulcer caused by HSV will result in rapid and significant worsening of the ulcer to form an 'amoeboid' or 'geographic' ulcer, so named because of the ulcer's map like shape.{{Citation needed|date=June 2012}} PrognosisSome infections may scar the cornea to limit vision. Others may result in perforation of the cornea, (an infection inside the eye), or even loss of the eye. With proper medical attention, infections can usually be successfully treated without long-term visual loss. Forms of Keratitis in non-humans
See also
References1. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.uic.edu/com/eye/PatientCare/EyeConditions/Keratitis.shtml|title=Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences|work=Chicago Medicine|access-date=2018-04-29|language=en-US}} 2. ^{{cite journal|journal=Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci|year=2009|volume=50|issue=8|pages=3794–801|title=Properties of PASP: A Pseudomonas Protease Capable of Mediating Corneal Erosions|vauthors=Tang A, Marquart ME, Fratkin JD, McCormick CC, Caballero AR, Gatlin HP, O'Callaghan RJ |pmid=19255155|doi=10.1167/iovs.08-3107|pmc=2874894}} 3. ^{{Cite journal|last=Epstein|first=Arthur B|date=December 2007|title=In the aftermath of the Fusarium keratitis outbreak: What have we learned?|journal=Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)|volume=1|issue=4|pages=355–366|issn=1177-5467|pmc=2704532|pmid=19668512}} 4. ^{{cite journal|last1=Lorenzo-Morales|first1=Jacob|last2=Khan|first2=Naveed A.|last3=Walochnik|first3=Julia|title=An update on Acanthamoeba keratitis: diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment|journal=Parasite|volume=22|year=2015|pages=10|issn=1776-1042|doi=10.1051/parasite/2015010|pmid=25687209|url=http://www.parasite-journal.org/articles/parasite/full_html/2015/01/parasite140120/parasite140120.html|pmc=4330640}} {{open access}} 5. ^{{Cite journal| last3 = Cabrera-Serra | first1 = M. | first2 = J.| last2 = Lorenzo-Morales | first3 = G. | first4 = F.| last5 = Coronado-Alvarez| last4 = Rancel| last7 = Valladares | first5 = M. | first6 = E.| last1 = Martín-Navarro | first7 = B. | title = The potential pathogenicity of chlorhexidine-sensitive Acanthamoeba strains isolated from contact lens cases from asymptomatic individuals in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain| last6 = Piñero| journal = Journal of Medical Microbiology | volume = 57 | issue = Pt 11 | pages = 1399–1404 | date=Nov 2008 | issn = 0022-2615 | pmid = 18927419 | doi = 10.1099/jmm.0.2008/003459-0}} 6. ^CDC Advisory {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070531084455/http://www2a.cdc.gov/HAN/ArchiveSys/ViewMsgV.asp?AlertNum=00260 |date=2007-05-31 }} 7. ^{{cite web |url= https://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/onchocerciasis/factsht_onchocerciasis.htm#what |title= What is onchocerciasis? |publisher = CDC |accessdate= 2010-06-28 |quote= transmission is most intense in remote African rural agricultural villages, located near rapidly flowing streams...(WHO) expert committee on onchocerciasis estimates the global prevalence is 17.7 million, of whom about 270,000 are blind. }} 8. ^{{cite journal|last1=Herretes|first1=S|last2=Wang|first2=X|last3=Reyes|first3=JM|title=Topical corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy for bacterial keratitis.|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|date=Oct 16, 2014|volume=10|pages=CD005430|pmid=25321340|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD005430.pub3|pmc=4269217}} 9. ^VET.uga.edu External links{{Medical resources| DiseasesDB = 7150 | ICD10 = {{ICD10|H|16||h|15}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|370}} | ICDO = | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = | eMedicineTopic = | MeshID = D007634 }}
2 : Inflammations|Disorders of sclera and cornea |
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