词条 | List of first African-American mayors | ||
释义 |
In the 19th century in the American South during Reconstruction, African Americans began to be elected to many local offices, such as sheriff or Justice of the Peace, and some became the first African-American mayors of cities and towns. After this brief period, African Americans found themselves unable to obtain mayoral offices due to racial discrimination. In the 1960s, they again began to be elected or appointed to mayoral positions following the achievements of the civil rights movement and passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965. Achievements in African Americans' being elected mayor in majority-European American and other municipalities made their political participation one of daily life in many localities.
1860s
First African American elected mayor of a U.S. town: Pierre Caliste Landry, Donaldsonville, Louisiana[1] First African-American mayor of Kingstree, South Carolina: Stephen Atkins Swails
First African-American mayor of Maryville, Tennessee: W. B. Scott[2] 1870s
First African American elected mayor of a Mississippi city: Robert H. Wood, Natchez, Mississippi[3][4]
First African American elected to serve as mayor in the state of New York: Edward "Ned" Sherman, Cleveland, New York[5][6] 1880s
First African-American mayor of a predominantly white U.S. town, and of a Western U.S. town: Edward Duplex, Wheatland, California[7] 1960s
First African-American mayor of a U.S. city: George D. Carroll, Richmond, California
First African-American mayor of a U.S. city: Robert C. Henry, Springfield, Ohio (appointed by city commission) First African- American mayor of a U.S. city: Floyd J. McCree, Flint, Michigan
First Elected (1967) African-American mayor of a large U.S. city: Richard G. Hatcher, Gary, Indiana[8] First African-American mayor of a large U.S. city: Carl Stokes (Cleveland, Ohio) First African American appointed mayor of Washington, D.C.: Walter Washington (see also: 1975) First African American elected mayor of Ypsilanti, Michigan: John Burton [9]
First African American elected Mayor of Montclair, New Jersey: Matthew G. Carter[10] First African-American mayor of a Kentucky city: Luska Twyman, Glasgow, Kentucky First African American elected mayor of a predominantly white southern city: Howard Nathaniel Lee, Chapel Hill, North Carolina[11]
First African American elected mayor of Fayette, Mississippi: Charles Evers[12] 1970s
First African American elected mayor of Newark, New Jersey: Kenneth A. Gibson First African American elected mayor of Dayton, Ohio: James H. McGee First African American appointed mayor of Wichita, Kansas: A. Price Woodard[13] First African-American elected mayor of Salina, Kansas: Robert C. Caldwell[14]
First African American appointed mayor of Grand Rapids, Michigan: Lyman Parks (see also: 1973) First African-American mayor of Englewood, New Jersey: Walter Scott Taylor[15]
First African-American mayor of Tallahassee, Florida and first African-American mayor of a state capital: James R. Ford First African-American mayor of Cincinnati, Ohio: Ted Berry
First African American elected mayor of Detroit, Michigan: Coleman Young First African American elected mayor of Raleigh, North Carolina: Clarence Lightner First African American elected mayor of a Georgia city: Richmond D. Hill, Greenville[16][17][18] First African American elected mayor of a major Southern city: Maynard Jackson, Atlanta, Georgia[19] First African American elected mayor of a major Western city: Tom Bradley, Los Angeles, California First African-American woman mayor: Lelia Foley, Taft, Oklahoma[20] First African-American woman mayor of a major satellite city: Doris A. Davis, Compton, California[21] First African American elected mayor of Grand Rapids, Michigan: Lyman Parks (see also: 1971)
First African American elected mayor of Waco, Texas: Oscar Du Conge[22]
First African American elected mayor, and first elected mayor, of Washington, D.C.: Walter Washington (see also: 1967)
First African-American mayor of Richmond, Virginia: Henry L. Marsh[23] (Note: elected from within nine City Council members; changed to general election in 2003)
First African American elected mayor of Oakland, California: Lionel Wilson First African American elected mayor of New Orleans: Ernest Nathan Morial
First African American elected mayor of Birmingham, Alabama: Richard Arrington, Jr. 1980s
First African American elected mayor of Camden, New Jersey: Randy Primas[24] First African American elected mayor of Spokane, Washington: James Everett Chase First African American elected mayor of Plainfield, New Jersey, and first African American elected mayor in Central New Jersey: Everett C. Lattimore[25] First African-American mayor of Little Rock, Arkansas: Charles E. Bussey Jr.[26]
First African American appointed mayor of Memphis, Tennessee: J.O. Patterson, Jr.
First African American elected Mayor of Chicago: Harold Washington First African American elected mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina: Harvey Gantt First African American elected Mayor of Flint: James Sharp
First African American elected Mayor of Atlantic City, New Jersey: James L. Usry First African American elected Mayor of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Wilson Goode First African American elected mayor of Portsmouth, Virginia: James W. Holley, III
First African American elected mayor of Mount Vernon, New York, and first African American elected mayor in New York state: Ronald Blackwood[27]
First African American and first woman mayor of Newport News, Virginia: Jessie M. Rattley[28]
First African American woman elected mayor of a major city Hartford, Connecticut: Carrie Saxon Perry First African American appointed mayor of Baltimore, Maryland: Clarence H. Burns First African American elected mayor of Tacoma, Washington: Harold Moss[29] First African American woman and first woman mayor of Little Rock, Arkansas: Lottie Shackelford
First African American elected mayor of Baltimore, Maryland: Kurt Schmoke First African American elected mayor of Hempstead, New York: James A. Garner
First African American elected mayor of New York, New York: David Dinkins First African American elected mayor of New Haven, Connecticut: John C. Daniels First African American elected mayor of Richmond, California: George Livingston[30] First African American elected mayor of Rockford, Illinois: Charles Box First African American elected mayor of Seattle, Washington: Norm Rice First African American succeeds to the office of mayor of Minden, Louisiana, via recall of his predecessor: Robert T. Tobin 1990s
First African American elected Mayor of Trenton, New Jersey: Douglas Palmer First African American elected mayor of New Bern, North Carolina: Leander R. "Lee" Morgan[31] First African-American mayor of Lynchburg, Virginia: M.W. Thornhill Jr.[32]
First African American elected mayor of Memphis, Tennessee: W. W. Herenton First African American elected mayor of Denver, Colorado: Wellington Webb First African American elected mayor of Kansas City, Missouri: Emanuel Cleaver First African American woman elected mayor of Washington, D.C.: Sharon Pratt Kelly
First African American male elected mayor of Cambridge, Massachusetts: Kenneth Reeves First African American elected mayor of Fairbanks, Alaska: James C. Hayes[33]
First African American elected mayor of St. Louis, Missouri: Freeman Bosley, Jr. First African American elected mayor of Rochester, New York: William A. Johnson, Jr.
First African American and first woman elected mayor of Minneapolis, Minnesota: Sharon Sayles Belton
First African American elected mayor of Dallas, Texas: Ron Kirk First African American elected mayor of Savannah, Georgia: Floyd Adams, Jr.
First African American elected mayor of San Francisco, California: Willie Brown First African American elected mayor of Monroe, Louisiana: Abe E. Pierce, III
First African American elected mayor of Jackson, Mississippi: Harvey Johnson, Jr. First African American elected mayor of Houston, Texas: Lee P. Brown First African American elected mayor of Des Moines, Iowa: Preston Daniels[34]
First African-American mayor of Jasper, Texas: R. C. Horn[35] First African-American female elected mayor of Cambridge, Massachusetts: E. Denise Simmons First African-American mayor of Hopewell, Virginia: Curtis West Harris
First African-American mayor of Pineville, Louisiana: Clarence R. Fields (became interim mayor in 1999; was elected to a partial term in 2000 and re-elected to full terms in 2002, 2006, 2010, and 2014) 2000s
First African American elected mayor of Columbus, Ohio: Michael B. Coleman First African American elected mayor of Selma, Alabama: James Perkins, Jr.
First African American elected mayor of Hattiesburg, Mississippi: Johnny DuPree[36] First African-American woman mayor of a major Southern city, and first woman to be elected mayor of Atlanta, Georgia: Shirley Franklin[37] First African American and first woman elected mayor of Southfield, Michigan: Brenda L. Lawrence First African American elected mayor of Fayetteville, North Carolina: Marshall Pitts Jr.[38] First African-American female Republican elected mayor of Tchula, Mississippi: Yvonne Brown[39] First African American Mayor of Jersey City, New Jersey: Glenn Cunningham[40]
First African-American woman elected mayor of Dayton, Ohio: Rhine McLin First African American elected mayor of Toledo, Ohio: Jack Ford
First African-American elected mayor of Palm Springs, California: Ron Oden First African American elected by citizens as mayor of Tallahassee, Florida: John Marks First African-American elected mayor, and first elected mayor, of San Ramon, California: H. Abram Wilson
First African American elected mayor of Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Kip Holden First African-American mayor of Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Marvin Pratt First African American elected mayor of Pine Bluff, Arkansas: Carl A. Redus Jr.[41] First African American elected mayor and first African-American female mayor of Waco, Texas: Mae Jackson[42]
First African American elected mayor of Buffalo, New York: Byron Brown First African American elected mayor of Mobile, Alabama: Sam Jones First African American elected mayor of Asheville, North Carolina: Terry Bellamy First African American elected mayor of Cincinnati, Ohio: Mark Mallory First African American elected mayor of Youngstown, Ohio: Jay Williams First African American and woman elected mayor of Greenwood, Mississippi: Sheriel F. Perkins [43]
First African American elected mayor of Shreveport, Louisiana: Cedric Glover First African American elected mayor of Anderson, South Carolina: Terence Roberts First African American elected mayor of Killeen, Texas: Timothy Hancock [44]
First African-American woman and first woman elected mayor of Baltimore, Maryland: Sheila Dixon First African American elected mayor of Greensboro, North Carolina: Yvonne Johnson First African American elected mayor of Wichita, Kansas: Carl Brewer First African American elected mayor of South Harrison Township, New Jersey: Charles Tyson[45]
First African American elected mayor of Blue Springs, Missouri: Carson Ross First African American elected mayor of Lancaster, Texas: Marcus Knight First African American elected mayor of Mansfield, Ohio: Donald Culliver First African American elected mayor of Sacramento, California: Kevin Johnson First African American mayor of Festus, Missouri: Earl Cook[46] First African-American and first woman elected mayor of Cambridge, Maryland: Victoria Jackson-Stanley
First African American elected mayor of Philadelphia, Mississippi: James Young First African American elected mayor of Freeport, New York: Andrew Hardwick[47] First African-American woman elected mayor of Brentwood, Maryland: Xzavier Montgomery-Wright[48] 2010s
First African-American woman elected mayor of Fontana, California: Acquanetta Warren[49] First African American elected mayor of Columbia, South Carolina: Stephen K. Benjamin
First African American elected mayor of Jacksonville, Florida: Alvin Brown[50] First African-American mayor of Knoxville, Tennessee: Daniel Brown
First African-American mayor of Ithaca, New York: Svante Myrick First African-American mayor of Antioch, California: Wade Harper[51] First African American and first female mayor of Orrville, Alabama: Louvenia Diane Lumpkin[52] First African-American mayor of Phenix City, Alabama: Eddie Lowe First African-American woman and first woman elected mayor of Gary, Indiana: Karen Freeman-Wilson[53]
First African-American mayor of Plano, Texas: Harry LaRosiliere First African-American mayor of Meridian, Mississippi: Percy Bland
First African-American mayor of Brunswick, Georgia: Cornell Harvey First African-American female mayor of San Antonio, Texas: Ivy Taylor[54] First African-American woman elected mayor of Shreveport, Louisiana: Ollie Tyler First African-American female Mayor of Teaneck, New Jersey, as well as the first African-American female mayor of any municipality in Bergen County, New Jersey: Lizette Parker[55]
First African American and first African-American woman elected mayor of Pearsall, Texas: Mary Moore[56] First African American and first African-American woman elected mayor of Conway, South Carolina: Barbara Blain-Bellamy[57] First African American elected mayor of Camilla, Georgia: Rufus L Davis II[58] First African-American woman elected mayor of Toledo, Ohio: Paula Hicks-Hudson First African-American woman and first woman elected mayor of Flint, Michigan: Karen Weaver
First African-American and first African-American female mayor of Midland City, Alabama: Jo Ann Bennett Grimsley[59] First African American elected mayor of Norfolk, Virginia: Kenneth Alexander[60] First African American elected mayor of Stockton, California: Michael Tubbs[61]
First African American elected mayor of Stamps, Arkansas: Brenda Davis[62] First African-American woman elected mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina: Vi Lyles First African American elected mayor of St. Paul, Minnesota: Melvin Carter
First African American elected mayor of Little Rock, Arkansas: Frank Scott Jr. First African American mayor of Brookneal, Virginia: James Nowlin See also{{Portal|African American|Politics}}
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Thornhill, dies", The News & Advance, July 3, 2016. 33. ^{{Cite news|last1=Troyer|first1=Eric|title='Nice guy' moves into City Hall|url=https://fairbanks-daily-news-miner.newspaperarchive.com/fairbanks-daily-news-miner/1992-12-28|accessdate=December 4, 2018|work=Fairbanks Daily News-Miner|date=December 28, 1992|page=A1|quote=In October, Hayes became the first black mayor of Fairbanks, winning a nearly uncontested election with more than 80 percent of the vote. He had token opposition from write-in candidate Bill Preising.}} 34. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.blackpast.org/aaw/daniels-preston-1945|title=Daniels, Preston A. (1945- ) {{!}} The Black Past: Remembered and Reclaimed|website=www.blackpast.org|language=en|access-date=2018-10-25}} 35. ^Besson, Eric, "R.C. 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