| 词条 | 1871 New Zealand general election |
| 释义 |
| election_name = 1871 general election | country = New Zealand | type = parliamentary | ongoing = no | previous_election = First Māori elections | previous_year = 1868 (Māori) | previous_mps = First Māori elections | next_election = 1875–76 New Zealand general election | next_year = 1875–76 | next_mps = 6th New Zealand Parliament | seats_for_election = All 78 seats in the New Zealand House of Representatives | election_date = 14 January – 23 February 1871 | elected_mps = elected members | turnout = | image1 = | leader1 = William Fox | leader_since1 = | party1 = Independent politician | leaders_seat1 = Rangitikei | last_election1 = 78 seats | seats1 = 78 | seat_change1 = {{steady}} | popular_vote1 = N/A | percentage1 = N/A | swing1 = N/A | title = Prime Minister | posttitle = Prime Minister-designate | before_election = William Fox | after_election = William Fox | before_party = Independent politician | after_party = Independent politician }} The New Zealand general election of 1871 was held between 14 January and 23 February to elect 78 MPs across 72 electorates to the fifth session of the New Zealand Parliament. 41,527 electors were registered. Background1871 was the first general election to include the four Māori electorates,[1] with elections held on 1 and 15 February.[2] The first Māori Members of Parliament had been elected in 1868, but in 1871 three retired and one (Western Maori) was defeated. So in 1871 four new Māori MPs were elected. In 1866 the secret ballot was introduced for general (European) elections. The 1871 general election was the first one at which it was used. The secret ballot not used in Māori electorates until 1938, thus Māori voters continued to inform a polling officer orally of their chosen candidate.[1] The date of election is defined here as the day on which the poll took place, or if there was no contest, the day of nomination.{{sfn|Scholefield|1950|p=92}} The earliest election day was 14 January 1871.[1] The earliest date in the general electorate results table, 13 January 1871, thus represents William Rolleston being declared elected unopposed in the Avon electorate on nomination day.[2] The last election was held on 23 February 1871 in the Franklin electorate. 68 European electorates and 4 Māori electorates were defined by the Representation Act 1870. Six of the general electorates had two representatives, the rest were single member electorates. Hence, 78 MPs were elected.[3] Electorates that were first formed for the 1871 elections were {{NZ electorate link|East Coast}}, {{NZ electorate link|Eden}}, {{NZ electorate link|Rodney}}, {{NZ electorate link|Thames}}, {{NZ electorate link|Waikato}}, {{NZ electorate link|Waitemata}}, {{NZ electorate link|Egmont}}, {{NZ electorate link|Manawatu}}, {{NZ electorate link|Buller}}, {{NZ electorate link|Grey Valley}}, {{NZ electorate link|Christchurch East}}, {{NZ electorate link|Christchurch West}}, {{NZ electorate link|Hokitika}}, {{NZ electorate link|Totara}}, {{NZ electorate link|Dunstan}}, {{NZ electorate link|Mount Ida}}, {{NZ electorate link|Tuapeka}}, {{NZ electorate link|Waitaki}}, {{NZ electorate link|Waikaia}}, and {{NZ electorate link|Wakatipu}}.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|pp=33–40}} 41,527 electors were registered.[4] Results{{1871 New Zealand general election}}Notes1. ^{{cite web|title=Key dates in New Zealand electoral reform |url=http://www.elections.org.nz/elections/key-dates-electoral-reform.html |publisher=Elections New Zealand|accessdate=6 January 2011}} 2. ^{{cite news|title=Avon District |url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=TS18710113.2.6.1|accessdate=6 January 2011 |newspaper=The Star |date=13 January 1871|issue=821}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web |title=Representation Act 1870 |url=http://www.nzlii.org/nz/legis/hist_act/ra187033a34v1870n15322/ |accessdate=15 November 2010}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|title=General elections 1853-2005 - dates & turnout |url= http://www.elections.org.nz/events/past-events/general-elections-1853-2014-dates-and-turnout |publisher=Elections New Zealand |accessdate=12 September 2010}} References
|ref=harv |last= Scholefield |first= Guy |title= New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 |authorlink= Guy Scholefield |edition = 3rd |origyear= First ed. published 1913 |year= 1950 |publisher= Govt. Printer |location= Wellington }}{{New Zealand elections| 1871}}{{DEFAULTSORT:New Zealand General Election, 1871}} 1 : 1871 New Zealand general election |
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