| 词条 | Malcolm X (1972 film) |
| 释义 |
| name = Malcolm X | image = Malcolm X (1972 film).jpg | caption = Film poster | director = Arnold Perl | producer = Mick Benderoth Arnold Perl Nancy Reals Perl Marvin Worth | writer = Alex Haley Arnold Perl Malcolm X | narrator = James Earl Jones Ossie Davis | music = | cinematography = | editing = | distributor = Warner Bros. | released = {{film date|1972|5|24}} | runtime = 91 minutes | country = United States | language = English }}Malcolm X, also known as Malcolm X: His Own Story as It Really Happened, is a 1972 American documentary film directed by Arnold Perl. It is based on The Autobiography of Malcolm X.[1] The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature.[1] ProductionMarvin Worth and Perl started working on Malcolm X in 1969, four years after the human rights activist's assassination. The pair initially intended for the film to be a drama, but in the end they made a documentary when some people close to Malcolm X refused to talk to them.[1] Worth recalled in 1993, "I mostly went for the public figure, rather than the private man. I aimed for showing the evolution of the man and what he had to say. I wanted to do it with the public speeches."[2]Betty Shabazz, Malcolm X's widow, served as a consultant to the film-makers. She was so pleased with the resulting film, she took her six daughters—who ranged in age from six to thirteen—to see it. Afterwards, one of them asked, "Daddy was everything to you, wasn't he?"[3]ReceptionAccording to the Los Angeles Times, Malcolm X garnered "enthusiastic reviews".[4] Time wrote: For Warner Bros. to make a documentary about Malcolm X seems about as likely as for the D.A.R. to sponsor the Peking Ballet. That the film should come from such a source is the first surprise. The second is that it is good—a fair forum for Malcolm's fundamental ideas and an exceptional visual chronicle of how those ideas took shape.[5] In his review for The New York Times, Howard Thompson described it as "a generally rounded, often fascinating movie". Thompson also wrote that the film was "surprisingly balanced".[6] Jay Carr wrote in The Boston Globe in 1993 that Malcolm X was "essential viewing".[7] William Hageman wrote in the Chicago Tribune in 2011 that the documentary "does a better job of capturing the times" than Spike Lee's 1992 Malcolm X.[8] Home mediaMalcolm X was released on DVD in 2005 as bonus material with the two-disc special edition of Lee's film.[9] In 2012, it was issued on Blu-ray Disc as part of the Blu-ray 20th-anniversary edition of Lee's film.[10]See also
References1. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1973 |title=The 45th Academy Awards (1973) Winners and Nominees |accessdate=January 16, 2017 |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences }} 2. ^1 2 {{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=jdsrAAAAIBAJ&sjid=bGQFAAAAIBAJ&pg=1697,3079158 |title=Documentary gets new life from 'X' film |accessdate=January 16, 2017 |work=Kentucky New Era |first=Hillel |last=Italie |date=February 6, 1993 }} 3. ^{{cite book |last=Rickford |first=Russell J. |authorlink=Russell J. Rickford |title=Betty Shabazz: A Remarkable Story of Survival and Faith Before and After Malcolm X |year=2003 |publisher=Sourcebooks |location=Naperville, Ill. |isbn=978-1-4022-0171-4 |pages=314–316 }} 4. ^{{cite news |url=http://articles.latimes.com/1992-11-15/entertainment/ca-648_1_marvin-worth/2 |title=By All Necessary Means: It took producer Marvin Worth 25 years to turn Malcolm X's story into a movie. Why didn't he give up and what made it happen (Besides Spike, of course) |accessdate=January 16, 2017 |work=Los Angeles Times |first=Terry |last=Pristin |date=November 15, 1992 |page=2 }} 5. ^Rickford, p. 315. 6. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9407E6DF1F3EE63BBC4D51DFB3668389669EDE |title=Movie Review: Malcolm X |accessdate=January 16, 2017 |work=The New York Times |first=Howard |last=Thompson |authorlink=Howard Thompson (film critic) |date=May 25, 1972 }} 7. ^{{cite news |url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/294742087 |title=The original 'Malcolm X': A must-see |accessdate=January 16, 2017 |work=The Boston Globe |first=Jay |last=Carr |date=February 19, 1993 }} {{subscription}} 8. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/features/tribu/sc-fam-0201-black-history-20110201,0,4045947.story |title=Black History Month: How to inspire and teach |accessdate=January 16, 2017 |work=Chicago Tribune |first=William |last=Hageman |date=February 1, 2011 }} 9. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.filmthreat.com/reviews/7280/ |title=Malcolm X |accessdate=January 16, 2017 |work=Film Threat |first=Brad |last=Cook |date=March 31, 2005 |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130123035736/www.filmthreat.com/reviews/7280/ |archivedate=January 23, 2013 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 10. ^{{cite news |url=https://nypost.com/2012/02/07/dvd-extra-hitch-woody-wilder-wellman-go-blu-for-oscar-promos/ |title=DVD Extra: Hitch, Woody, Wilder, Wellman go Blu for Oscar promos |accessdate=January 16, 2017 |work=New York Post |first=Lou |last=Lumenick |authorlink=Lou Lumenick |date=February 7, 2012 }} External links
10 : 1972 films|1970s documentary films|American films|American documentary films|American black-and-white films|Directorial debut films|English-language films|Documentary films about the civil rights movement|Films about Malcolm X|Warner Bros. films |
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