| 词条 | Monumentum Ancyranum |
| 释义 |
The Monumentum Ancyranum (Latin 'Monument of Ancyra') or Temple of Augustus and Rome in Ancyra is an Augusteum in Ankara (ancient Ancyra), Turkey. The text of the Res Gestae Divi Augusti ("Deeds of the Divine Augustus") is inscribed on its walls, and is the most complete copy of that text. The temple is adjacent to the Hadji Bairam Mosque in the Ulus quarter.[1] HistoryAn earlier, 2nd century BCE Phrygian temple on the site was destroyed.[1] The Augusteum was built between 25–20 {{sc|bc}} after the conquest of central Anatolia by the Roman Empire and the formation of the Galatia province, with Ancyra as its administrative capital. It was first made known to the western world by Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, ambassador of Ferdinand of Austria, to the Sultan Suleyman the Magnificent (1555–1562) at Amasia in Asia Minor. Busbecq first read the inscription and identified its origin from his reading of Suetonius; he published a copy of parts of it in his Turkish Letters.[1] Only the side walls and the ornamented door frame remain; the positions of 6 columns can still be recognized.[2] The Res Gestae Divi Augusti{{main|Res Gestae Divi Augusti}}After the death of Augustus in {{sc|ad}} 14, a copy of the text of the Res Gestae Divi Augusti was inscribed on both walls inside the pronaos in Latin, with a Greek translation on an exterior wall of the cella. The inscriptions are the primary surviving source of the text, since the original inscription on bronze pillars in front of the Mausoleum of Augustus in Rome has long been lost, and two other surviving inscriptions of the text are incomplete.[3] Squeezes of the Monumentum Ancyrum were obtained by the Cornell Expedition in 1907-1908, and have been the basis for epigraphic study including by the epigrapher Mariana McCaulley.[4][5][6] CopiesA life-size reproduction of the pronaos, including the text of the Deeds, was erected in the gardens of the Baths of Diocletian in Rome for the Archaeological Exhibition of the 1911 Rome World's Fair. After the fair, it was put in storage until it was displayed at the Mostra Augustea della Romanità in 1937.[7] After WWII, it was moved to Room IX of the new Museo della Civiltà Romana.[8] See also
References1. ^Edward Seymour Forster, translator, The Turkish Letters of Ogier de Busbecq reprinted Louisiana State University 2005. 2. ^1 2 Ahmet Gökdemir, Can Demirel, Yavuz Yeğin, Zeynel Şimşek, "Ankara Temple (Monumentum Ancyranum/Temple of Augustus and Rome) restoration", Case Studies in Construction Materials 2:55-65 (June 2015) {{doi|10.1016/j.cscm.2015.02.002}} [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509515000030 full text] 3. ^Diehl, editor of Res Gestae Divi Augusti in the Loeb Classical Library remarks that at the time the original document was copied on the walls of many of the temples of Augustus throughout the empire, but the inscriptions have not survived. 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://antiquities.library.cornell.edu/squeezes/ras-gestae-divi-augusti|title=Res Gestae Divi Augusti {{!}} Cornell Collections of Antiquities|website=antiquities.library.cornell.edu|access-date=2019-01-10}} 5. ^{{Cite thesis|last=McCaulley|first=Mariana|title=A collation of the Cornell squeeze of the Monumentum Ancyranum and a translation of the inscription|date=1912|degree=A. M.|publisher=Cornell University|url=https://newcatalog.library.cornell.edu/catalog/7193878|language=English}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://antiquities.library.cornell.edu/squeezes/cornell-expedition|title=Cornell Expedition {{!}} Cornell Collections of Antiquities|website=antiquities.library.cornell.edu|access-date=2019-01-10}} 7. ^Joshua Arthurs, Excavating Modernity: The Roman Past in Fascist Italy, {{isbn|0801449987}}, 2012, p. 95-111 8. ^"Room XI: Augustus", Museo della Civiltà Romana Further reading
External links
6 : 20s BC establishments in the Roman Empire|Archaeological sites in Central Anatolia|Augustus|Buildings and structures in Ankara|Latin inscriptions|Roman temples of the Imperial cult |
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