| 词条 | Royal Swazi National Airways |
| 释义 |
|airline=Royal Swazi National Airways |logo= |logo_size= |fleet_size= |destinations= |IATA=ZC |ICAO=RSN |callsign=ROYAL SWAZI |parent= |company_slogan= |founded=1978 |commenced=1 August 1978 |ceased=12 April 1999 |headquarters=Mbabane, Swaziland |hubs=Matsapha Airport, Manzini |focus_cities= |frequent_flyer= |lounge= |key_people= |alliance= |website=http://www.royal-swazi.com }} Royal Swazi National Airways Corporation was the national airline of the Kingdom of Swaziland. Headquartered in Mbabane with its operational base at Matsapha Airport near Manzini, the airline was founded in 1978. HistoryIn March 1978, the government of Swaziland announced that it was setting up a national airline to be known as Royal Swazi National Airways Corporation, and informed privately owned airline Swazi Air that it would be required to close down operations by 1 August 1978.[1] In mid-1978 it was announced that Royal Swazi had purchased a 63-seat Fokker F.28 Mk.3000 from Fokker with which it would begin its services.[2] Fokker-VFW F28 pilots, among other technical assistance. The airline also acquired a low-cycle Vickers Viscount 839 which had previously been operated by the Iranian government and the Sultan of Oman's Air Force.[3] On 1 August 1978, the airline inaugurated its services with the F28 on a flight from Manzini to Johannesburg via Durban, whilst the airlines' Viscount was on standby at Matsapha Airport.[4][5] Services to Lusaka, Mauritius and Blantyre were expected to be added to the fledgling airline's route network.[3] The airline made headlines when on 25 November 1981 a group of 44[6] mercenaries led by Mike Hoare boarded a scheduled Royal Swazi National Airways flight in Manzini to Mahé in the Seychelles in an attempt to overthrow Seychellois President France-Albert René. The mercenaries disguised themselves as Ancient Order of Froth Blowers rugby players and fans, but were exposed as they passed through customs when an alert official discovered a dismantled AK-47 in one of the mercenaries' luggage. The Royal Swazi National Airways F28 was damaged in the ensuing firefight between Seychellois officials and the mercenaries at Seychelles International Airport. After the incident, the airline ceased flights to the Seychelles.[4][7][8][9] By 1993 the airline served a route network that included Cape Town, Dar es Salaam, Harare, Gaborone, Johannesburg, Maseru, Lusaka, Maputo and Nairobi, of which the Manzini–Johannesburg route was the airlines' busiest.[4] On 4 July 1993, the scheduled flight between Maputo and Manzini was hijacked by a Mozambiquean passenger armed with an AK-47. Not long after the aircraft departed Maputo, the hijacker stormed the cockpit with his gun, and demanded to be flown to Australia. When told that Australia was too far for the aircraft to fly, he insisted on being flown to Maseru in Lesotho. With Maseru Airport being closed, and the aircraft being low on fuel, the crew flew to Johannesburg. Three hours after arriving in Johannesburg, South African Police stormed the aircraft. The Captain and one passenger were injured in the crossfire and the hijacker was shot in the head but survived.[10] In 1994, the airline leased a Fokker 100 in a 12 business class and 85 economy class configuration, but it was returned to its lessor in 1996 and onward leased to Linhas Aéreas de Moçambique, the same airline Royal Swazi leased a Boeing 737-200 from several years earlier.[4][11] Royal Swazi National Airways, which at the time was owned by the Swazi government and Tibiyo Taka Ngwane, a trust managed by King Mswati III, ceased operations to Harare, Lusaka, Dar es Salaam and Nairobi on 12 April 1999 and the Swazi government signed an agreement with SA Airlink on 25 April for the South African airline to take a 40% stake in a new venture, with the government holding the remaining 60%, to be known as Airlink Swaziland. Airlink Swaziland began operations in July 1999 with a Fokker F28 leased from the company.[4][12][13][14] The company still exists, although it does not own an airline, but rather operates as an air ticket sales agent. Still wholly owned by the government, Royal Swazi National Airways Corporation operates independently under the Ministry of Public Works and Transport, with a board appointed by the Minister.[15] In August 2009 it was revealed that the government owed the company some E13.1 million for air travel accumulated by 16 government ministries and departments.[16] See also
References1. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=kXslAAAAIBAJ&sjid=LPUFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5702,901092&dq=royal-swazi+airways&hl=en|title=Swaziland to form a national airline|date=7–11 March 1978|publisher=Washington Afro-American|pages=16|accessdate=16 January 2010|location=Mbabane}} 2. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1978/1978%20-%201119.html?search=swazi|title=Airliner market|date=8 July 1978|publisher=Flight International|pages=71|accessdate=16 January 2010}} 3. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1978/1978%20-%202119.html?search=swazi|title=Africa's new airline|date=16 September 1978|publisher=Flight International|pages=1071|accessdate=16 January 2010}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|last=Guttery|first=Ben R.|title=Encyclopedia of African airlines|publisher=Ben Guttery|year=1998|pages=206|isbn=0-7864-0495-7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KBmGpaD36cMC|accessdate=2009-10-14}} 5. ^{{cite book|title=Africa research bulletin|publisher=Blackwell|year=1978|volume=9-11|pages=4756|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dHgEAQAAIAAJ&q=%22royal+swazi%22+airways+viscount&dq=%22royal+swazi%22+airways+viscount&ei=7YBRS5GdOpuIlQT3w7GTDQ&cd=4|accessdate=16 January 2010}} 6. ^ 7. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=bkwQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ZpQDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3485,1225442&dq=royal-swazi+airways&hl=en|archive-url=https://archive.is/20130124133716/http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=bkwQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ZpQDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3485,1225442&dq=royal-swazi+airways&hl=en|dead-url=yes|archive-date=24 January 2013|title=Hoare issued with false passport: claim|last=Alexander|first=Douglas|date=6 January 1982|publisher=The Age|pages=7|accessdate=16 January 2010|location=Johannesburg}} 8. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=NE8aAAAAIBAJ&sjid=wCkEAAAAIBAJ&dq=royal-swazi%20airways&pg=3056%2C4526687|title=Seychelles chasing last of invaders|date=27 November 1981|publisher=The Milwaukee Journal|pages=1, 8|accessdate=16 January 2010|location=Victoria, Seychelles}} 9. ^{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-10-14/mumbai/27821797_1_mercenaries-hijackers-seychelles|title='81 AI Boeing hijacker in city to meet pilot|last=Bharucha|first=Nauzer|date=14 October 2006|publisher=The Times of India|accessdate=16 January 2010|location=Mumbai}} 10. ^"The Citizen" newspaper dated 7 July 1993 Page One "Hijacker out of hospital" Sapa-Reuter and Citizen Reporter 11. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/1996/10/23/9720/african-fokkers.html|title=African Fokkers |date=23 October 1996|publisher=Flight International|accessdate=16 January 2010}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.observer.org.sz/index.php?news=9805|title=Airlink Headaches: Travellers Missing Swazi Express|last=Zwane|first=Ackel|date=17 December 2009|publisher=Swazi Observer|accessdate=16 January 2010}} 13. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/1999/09/15/56074/sa-airlink-rethinks-swazi-operation.html|title=SA Airlink rethinks Swazi operation|date=15 September 1999|publisher=Flight International|accessdate=16 January 2010}} 14. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/1999/05/26/51562/airlink-swaziland-prepares-for-take-off.html|title=Airlink Swaziland prepares for take-off |last=Burns|first=Hilka|date=26 May 1999|publisher=Flight International|accessdate=16 January 2010|location=Cape Town}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://royal-swazi.com/index.html|title=Royal Swazi National Airways Corporation|publisher=Royal Swazi National Airways Corporation|accessdate=16 January 2010}} 16. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.times.co.sz/print_version.php?id=9874|title=Govt owes Royal Swazi Airways E13.1 million|last=Dlamini|first=Welcome|date=10 August 2009|publisher=Times of Swaziland|accessdate=16 January 2010|location=Mbabane}} External links
5 : Airlines established in 1978|Airlines disestablished in 1999|Defunct airlines of Eswatini|Government-owned airlines|1978 establishments in Swaziland |
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