“Marktown”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Marktown Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.^[1]

History

The community of Marktown was founded by Clayton Mark, a pioneer maker of steel in the United States. The renowned architect hired to design the community, Howard Van Doren Shaw, created a unique design in which the streets serve as walkways and the cars are parked on the sidewalks, as noted in Ripley’s Believe It or Not.^[4] Shaw previously designed Mark's estate in Lake Forest, Illinois.^[5]

Only 10% of the original design was built, as the building of the community was terminated due to the aftereffects of World War I and the sale of the Mark Manufacturing Company. Today, Marktown is one of the few planned worker communities in which all of the originally constructed homes still stand.^[6] The industries in East Chicago expanded to the borders of Marktown, surrounding the historic residential island with one of the densest industrial complexes in the world.^[6] It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975,^[1] and was listed as one of the seven wonders of Northwest Indiana.^[2]

Marktown is regarded as an important cultural resource of architectural and historical significance. In the words of the Marktown Revitalization Plan commissioned by the city of East Chicago in 2008, "Marktown is significant as it is a major work by a significant American architect, Howard Van Doren Shaw, for its association with the driving economic force of industry that served as an identity of the region, and is representative of the planned industrial community movement of the late 19th and early 20th century."^[7]

Much of Marktown has been demolished and only 20% of the original community remains.^[8]

References

1. ^¹²{{NRISref|version=2010a}}
2. ^¹{{cite journal |last1=Smith |first1=Stephanie |last2=Mark |first2=Steve |year=2011 |title=Marktown: Clayton Mark's Planned Worker Community in Northwest Indiana. |journal=South Shore Journal |volume=4 |url=https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/ssj/article/view/13413}}
3. ^{{cite web| url = https://secure.in.gov/apps/dnr/shaard/welcome.html| title = Indiana State Historic Architectural and Archaeological Research Database (SHAARD) | publisher = Department of Natural Resources, Division of Historic Preservation and Archaeology | format = Searchable database| accessdate = 2016-05-01}} Note: This includes {{cite web| url =https://secure.in.gov/apps/dnr/shaard/r/2c8b5/N/Marktown_Historic_District,_Lake_Co.,_IN.pdf| title = National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Marktown Historic District| accessdate = 2016-05-01| author=Richard Morrisroe| format = PDF| date=January 1975}} and Accompanying photographs.
4. ^{{cite book |title=Ripley’s Believe It or Not! |volume=15 |year=1967 |location=New York |publisher=Pocket Books}}
5. ^{{cite book|last=Skertic|first=Mark|title=A Native's Guide to Northwest Indiana|series=Native's Guide|publisher=Lake Claremont Press|year=2003|isbn=978-1893121089|p=64}}
6. ^¹[https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/ssj/article/view/13413 Marktown: Clayton Mark’s Planned Worker Community in Northwest Indiana]
7. ^Marktown Revitalization Plan (December 2008). Prepared by Bauer Latoza Studio for the City of East Chicago.
8. ^