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词条 Bargate stone
释义

  1. Sources

  2. Use

     Examples  Early medieval  16th Century  17th Century  18th Century  19th Century  20th Century 

  3. Notes and references

{{short description|A highly durable form of sandstone used for building}}

Bargate stone is a highly durable form of sandstone. It owes its yellow, butter or honey colouring to the high iron oxide content, thus can also be considered ironstone. Its closest relation in England is Yorkstone which is usually paler.

Sources

This stone was quarried for centuries in the Greensand Ridge, particularly where it is widest in south west Surrey, England. It occurs near the surface and was quarried in the hillsides of the parish of the town Godalming. Medieval quarries are visible in Godalming, at the foot of Holloway Hill.

Bargate stone is in relatively rare in current use, it being difficult to find other sources in England of a strong yellow/honey coloured sandstone. Bath stone, Yorkstone and other similar coloured stone is sometimes instead used, or to complement it.

Use

Bargate found in many buildings in Surrey, approximately 250 of which are listed, and in two churches in London.[1] It is endemic to older buildings near the Greensand Ridge where it is found.

Its 20th century use tended towards coursed use of Bargate sandstone with bricks, or concrete, sometimes with ashlar dressings or mortar rendering.[2]

Examples

Early medieval

  • The Keep at Guildford Castle.[3] It was a credit to the strength of Bargate that it was chosen for the main structure, standing on top of the natural chalk and Bargate stone bedrock, made it available by quarrying in the locality.
  • Godalming Parish Church, Grade I listed assisted by Saxon features.
  • Church of St. Mary and All Saints, Dunsfold
  • St Nicholas's Church Compton, Guildford (Bargate rubble used, mortar-rendered)[4]
  • Church of St. Mary the Virgin (12th century tower only), Oxted in Tandridge District, east Surrey[5]
  • St Mary's Church, (relevantly mostly in clunch from its own Quarry Street) Guildford[6]
  • St James's Church, Abinger[7]{{#tag:ref|Tower parapet only|group= n}}
  • All Saints Church, Witley, Surrey[8]

16th Century

Tillingbourne Cottage, Wotton, Surrey[9]

17th Century

Cosford Mill, Thursley[10]

18th Century

  • Leith Hill Tower[11]

19th Century

  • St Catherine's School/Drama Studio, Guildford[12]
  • St Stephen's Church, Gloucester Road, London (York stone parpoints and dressings in Bath stone){{#tag:ref|By Joseph Peacock|group= n}}[13]
  • St Nicholas's Church, Guildford[14]
  • St Michael's Church, York Town, Camberley[15]
  • The Shah Jahan Mosque, completed in 1889 along with similar-coloured Bath stone, but a limestone not a sandstone
  • Charterhouse School (completed 1872)[16]{{#tag:ref|By Sir Edwin Lutyens|group= n}}
  • St Stephen's Church, Rochester Row, Westminster[17]{{#tag:ref|by architect Benjamin Ferrey - Bargate here described not as sandstone but ragstone|group= n}}[18]
  • Munstead Wood{{#tag:ref|By Lutyens|group= n}}[19]
  • Chinthurst Hill{{#tag:ref|By Lutyens|group= n}}[20]
  • Grafham Grange School, Bramley{{#tag:ref|By Henry Woodyer as architect's home, now school|group= n}}[21]
  • St James' Court, Farnham{{#tag:ref|By Henry Woodyer, formerly a church|group= n}}[22]
  • St Johns Church, Caterham{{#tag:ref|William Bassett Smith and Thomas Graham Jackson|group= n}}[23]

20th Century

  • The Pergola, Vann Park and Garden, Hambledon[24]
  • Pinewoods, Oxshott[2]
  • Tigbourne Court, Wormley (blocks with thin horizontal bands of tiles)
  • Hascombe Court, Hascombe [25]{{#tag:ref|By J D Coleridge, for Robert EA Murray and later for Sir John Jarvis|group= n}}
  • Platform of war memorial, Bramshott, Hampshire{{#tag:ref|Mostly made of Doulton stone|group= n}}[26]
  • St Tarcisius Church, Camberley — the War Memorial Church to the British Catholic army officers who died in World War I. North Lady Chapel has triple arches and a stone reredos depicting the Virgin and Child and angels[27] Bath stone dressings{{#tag:ref|By Frederick Walters, dressings in Bath stone, many religious reredos including angels and the Virgin Mary|group= n}}
  • Orchards by Edwin Lutyens and Gertrude Jekyll, Bramley[28]

Notes and references

Notes
1. ^Advanced Search by text 'Bargate' less Bargate Farmhouse and Street/Lane/Bargate meaning road
2. ^1 Pinewoods {{National Heritage List for England|num=1192323|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
3. ^The Castle Keep, Castle Hill (Guildford) {{National Heritage List for England|num=1377881|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
4. ^St Nicholas's Church, Compton {{National Heritage List for England|num=1188621|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
5. ^Church of St. Mary the Virgin, Oxted {{National Heritage List for England|num=1189608|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
6. ^{{National Heritage List for England|num=1377918|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
7. ^{{National Heritage List for England|num=1378082|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
8. ^All Saints, Witley {{National Heritage List for England|num=1260732|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
9. ^{{National Heritage List for England|num=1378102|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
10. ^Cosford Mill {{National Heritage List for England|num=1241732|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
11. ^Leith Hill Tower {{National Heritage List for England|num=1028808|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
12. ^St Catherine's 'School' {{National Heritage List for England|num=1377893|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
13. ^St Stephen's Church, Kensington {{National Heritage List for England|num=1293603|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
14. ^St Nicholas's Church, Guildford {{National Heritage List for England|num=1029291|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
15. ^St Michaels Church, Camberley {{National Heritage List for England|num=1030037|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
16. ^Charterhouse School, Main Building {{National Heritage List for England|num=1190288|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
Charterhouse School, Old Museum House {{National Heritage List for England|num=1190406|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
17. ^{{National Heritage List for England|num=1235247|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
18. ^St Stephen's Church {{National Heritage List for England|num=1235247|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
19. ^Munstead Wood {{National Heritage List for England|num=1261159|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
20. ^Chinthurst Hill {{National Heritage List for England|num=1260635|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
21. ^Grafham Grange{{National Heritage List for England|num=1249489|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
22. ^St James' Court{{National Heritage List for England|num=1378283|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
23. ^St John's Church, Caterham{{National Heritage List for England|num=1294940|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
24. ^Pergola {{National Heritage List for England|num=1000302|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
25. ^Hascombe Court {{National Heritage List for England|num=1384634|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
26. ^War memorial platform, Bramshott {{National Heritage List for England|num=1392394|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
27. ^Pergola {{National Heritage List for England|num=1391327|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
28. ^Orchards (park and garden) {{National Heritage List for England|num=1001174|accessdate=24 October 2013}}
References
{{Reflist}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Bargate Stone}}

2 : Sandstone|Building stone
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