| 词条 | Geoffrey Maynard |
| 释义 |
Geoffrey Walter Maynard (27 October 1921 – 9 September 2017) was a British economist. Born in Tottenham and educated at the local grammar school (alongside another future economist, Ralph Harris), Maynard served with the RAF in the north African theatre during the Second World War. After the war, he was offered a place at the London School of Economics, where he specialized in Keynesian macro-economics and developed an early interest in the economics of inflation. During a tenure as Fellow in Political Economy at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, he was encouraged by future Nobel Prize winner Simon Kuznets to work on the relationship between growth and inflation. This led to the publication in 1962 of his book Economic Development and the Price Level which became a classic and went through a second edition in 1972. In this book, he followed Keynes`s distinction between income and profit inflation and applied it to an early two-sector framework between the agricultural sector and the rest of the economy. He accorded great importance to the terms of trade between the two sectors as a determinant of inflation. He applied this analysis in country chapters on the United States, Great Britain, Japan, Russia and Latin American countries, with a special emphasis on Argentina. During a stint with the Harvard Development Advisory Service in Argentina, he teamed with Belgian economist Willy van Ryckeghem to design a stabilization model of inflation in which bank credits played a central role in preventing a recession. Although never a monetarist, he always recognized the importance of monetary policy, but also took into account structural factors driving inflation. Later, in their post mortem of the Argentine experience, the authors blamed the ultimate failure of the stabilization attempt on an unforeseen surge in meat prices following a meat shortage. In their other joint work A World of Inflation, published in 1976, they resisted the prevailing monetarism of the seventies, and tested international differences in inflation rates by various structural variables, such as minimum employment rates and differential productivity rates between tradeables and nontradeables. Geoffrey Maynard was for 25 years professor of economics at the University of Reading and editor of the Bankers' Magazine. He also served as deputy chief economic adviser in the British Treasury under the then Chancellor of the Exchequer, Denis Healey, from 1974 onwards, where he was a lone voice against incomes policy whilst remaining supportive of a cut in public spending to offset the jump in oil prices. He was later interviewed by Margaret Thatcher to become her chief economic adviser, but their memorable meeting was cut short after Maynard risked to answer "Yes, but..." to Mrs. Thatcher`s dogmatic views, to which she answered: "No buts..." and ended the meeting. He then became director of economics at Chase Manhattan Bank and special advisor to David Rockefeller instead. He later got his revenge in his book The Economy under Mrs. Thatcher, which was critical but not entirely unfavourable to her policies. [1]Selected publications
References1. ^[https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/obituary-geoffrey-maynard-kxwtwlvnv Professor Geoffrey Maynard.] The Times, 24 November 2017. retrieved 25 November 2017. {{subscription required}} {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Maynard, Geoffrey}}{{England-bio-stub}} 11 : 1921 births|2017 deaths|People from Tottenham|Academics of the University of Reading|English economists|People educated at Tottenham Grammar School|Royal Air Force personnel of World War II|Royal Air Force airmen|Alumni of the London School of Economics|British civil servants|20th-century economists |
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