| 词条 | Yamalagydanskaja tundra |
| 释义 |
|name = Ecoregion: Yamal-Gydan tundra |image = Taz River.jpg |image_size = 300 |image_alt = |caption = Taz River, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District |map = Ecoregion PA1114.png |map_size = 300 |map_alt = Ecoregion territory (in purple) |map_caption = Ecoregion territory (in purple) |ecozone = Palearctic |biome = Tundra |animals = |bird_species = |mammal_species = |border = |borders = |area = 412067 |country = |countries = Russia |state = |region_type = |elevation = |coordinates = {{coords|69.25|76.25|display=it}} |geology = |seas = |rivers = |climate = |soil = |conservation = |global200 = |habitat_loss = |habitat_loss_ref = |protected = |protected_ref = }} The Yamal-Gydan tundra ecoregion (WWF ID:PA1114) is an ecoregion that covers the Yamal Peninsula and Gydan Peninsula in northern Russia. Plants and animals are sparse, although the area is an important one for migratory birds, and for coastal sea mammals. The ecoregion is in the Palearctic ecozone, and the Tundra biome. It has an area of {{convert|412067|km2|mi2}}.[1] [2]Location and descriptionThe peninsulas lie east of the northern Ural mountains at the ocean outlet of the Ob River delta (the Gulf of Ob), and the Yenisei River estuary. The Kara Sea is the marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean to the north, and several offshore islands are also included in the ecoregion. These islands include Bely Island. The peninsula's are flat, with extensive wetlands. The area is in the continuous permafrost zone. ClimateThe climate of the Yamal-Gydan tundra ecoregion is Humid continental climate, cool summer (Köppen climate classification (Dfc)). This climate is characterised by long cold winters (at least one month averaging below {{convert|0|C|F}}), and short, cool summers (one to three months greater than {{convert|10|C|F}}, but no month averaging above {{convert|22|C|F}}). Mean precipitation is about 514 mm/year. The mean temperature at the center of the ecoregion is {{convert|-24.2|C|F}} in January, and {{convert|10.5|C|F}} in July.[3] Flora and faunaThe area's floral characteristics are formed in patchworks of hummocky lichen-moss and shrub-mass areas, separated by bare ground or wetlands. The lichen tundra and bare ground is more common in the north, and in the lichen-moss communities the grass-shrub layer is thin.[4] Marshes are heavily influenced by the strong spring floods, and the rains in the early autumn. Mammals in the area are limited to Arctic Fox, lemmings, and a few small herd of reindeer. There are estimated to be 50 species of nesting birds, and the area is an important extension of the Atlantic flyway.[4] ProtectionsThere is one significant nationally protected area in this ecoregion: the Gydan Nature Reserve. See also
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Yamal-Gydan tundra|url=https://www.globalspecies.org/ecoregions/display/PA1114|publisher=GlobalSpecies.org|language=en|access-date=November 20, 2018}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Yamal-Gydan tundra|url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/pa1114|publisher=World Wildlife Federation|language=en|access-date=November 20, 2018}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Climate Data for Latitude 69.25 Longitude 76.25|url=https://www.globalspecies.org/weather_stations/climate/513/319|publisher=GlobalSpecies.org|language=en|access-date=October 20, 2018}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|title=Flora and Fauna of Gydan Nature Reserve|url=http://www.zapoved.ru/catalog/biodiversity/194/%D0%93%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9-%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA|publisher=Gydan State Nature Reserve|language=ru|access-date=January 1, 2018}} 2 : Palearctic ecoregions|Ecoregions of Russia |
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