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词条 Bob Fitzsimmons
释义

  1. Early life

  2. Amateur career

  3. Professional career

     Move to Australia   Winning the Middleweight title   Fitzsimmons vs. Sharkey   Winning the Heavyweight title    Winning the Light Heavyweight title    Retirement  

  4. Personal life

  5. Professional boxing record

  6. Works

  7. See also

  8. Notes and references

     Notes  References 

  9. Bibliography

  10. Further reading

  11. External links

{{for|the footballer|Bob Fitzsimmons (footballer)}}{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}{{Infobox boxer
|name = Bob Fitzsimmons
|image = Robert Fitzsimmons.jpg
|caption = Fitzsimmons in 1891.
|realname = Robert James Fitzsimmons
|nickname = Ruby
The Freckled Wonder
Cornishman
|weight = Middleweight
Light Heavyweight
Heavyweight
|height = 5 ft 11+1/2 in
|reach = 71+1/2 in
|nationality = British
|birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1863|05|26}}
|birth_place = Helston, Cornwall, England
|death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1917|10|22|1863|05|26}}
|death_place = Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
|style = Orthodox
|total=99 |wins=68 |KO=59 |losses=8 |draws=4 |no contests=19
}}

Robert James Fitzsimmons (26 May 1863 – 22 October 1917) was a British professional boxer who made boxing history as the sport's first three-division world champion.[1][2] He also achieved fame for beating Gentleman Jim Corbett, (the man who beat John L. Sullivan), and he is in The Guinness Book of World Records as the lightest heavyweight champion.[3] Nicknamed "Ruby Robert" and "The Freckled Wonder", he took pride in his lack of scars and appeared in the ring wearing heavy woollen underwear to conceal the disparity between his trunk and leg-development. He was also known for his pure fighting skills due to dislike of training for fights, which cost him at times in his career.{{Citation needed|date=July 2012}}

Considered one of the hardest punchers in boxing history, Fitzsimmons is ranked as No. 8 on The Ring magazine's list of 100 greatest punchers of all time.

Early life

Robert James Fitzsimmons was born on 26 May 1863 in Helston, Cornwall, England, the youngest of seven boys and five girls born to James and Jane ({{nee|Strongman}}) Fitzsimmons.[4] Not long before his birth, his parents had moved from his father's native Ireland to Cornwall, where his mother came from, in order for his father to find work as a policeman.[5] Fitzsimmons received his early education at the National school in Helston.[6] In 1873, the family moved again; James, Jane and their youngest five children sailed on the Adamant for the 93 day journey to Lyttelton, New Zealand.[4][7]

They settled in Timaru, a town 147 km (91 miles) south-west of Lyttelton populated mainly by Cornish immigrants, and James Fitzsimmons established a blacksmith's forge in the town.[6] Once Fitzsimmons had completed his education at the Timaru Main School, he took on a range of jobs. He wanted to join the crew of the Isabella Ridley, and do some service as a sailor, hoping that it would toughen him up for a career in boxing, but the ship was badly damaged in storms while still docked in Timaru.[8] Instead, he took on a range of jobs; as a butcher's delivery boy, a carriage painter, striker at an iron foundry, and a decorator, before becoming an apprenticeship at his family's blacksmith's forge, with his brother Jarrett. His time working in the blacksmith's forge helped to develop his upper body, particularly his arms and shoulders.[6][4] During his time working in the blacksmith's forge, there are stories that Fitzsimmons was not averse to fighting quarrelsome, often drunk, customers, and it was suggested that this even boosted business, as customers returned to the forge, hoping to see a fight.[9]

Amateur career

In the early 1880s Jem Mace, an English bare-knuckle boxer, travelled to New Zealand, and Timaru hosted both his boxing school, and the first boxing championships held in New Zealand.[10] Fitzsimmons entered the tournament, and knocked out four opponents on his way to winning the competition. He successfully defended his title in the subsequent competition.[4]{{efn|Most modern sources list these tournaments as happening a year apart, in 1880 and 1881. However, contemporary reports in the Timaru Herald suggest that they took place a few months apart in 1882.[11]}} During one of these tournament, it is often suggested that Fitzsimmons defeated Herbert Slade, a professional heavyweight boxer who was touring with Mace, but Slade was touted as being undefeated in 1883, and it is possible that it was Slade's brother that Fitzsimmons beat.[12] After these tournaments, Fitzsimmons boxed at least six times in New Zealand, including some bare knuckle bouts, but it is unclear if he received payment for his fights during this time.[13]

Professional career

Move to Australia

Boxing record books show Fitzsimmons officially began boxing professionally in 1883, in Australia. He beat Jim Crawford there by getting a knockout in three rounds. Fitzsimmons had his first 28 definite professional fights in Australia, where he lost the Australian Middleweight title to Mick Dooley (rumours spoke of a fixed bout) and where he also won a fight by knockout while on the floor: when Edward Starlight Robins dropped Fitzsimmons to the canvas in round nine of their fight, he also broke his hand and could not continue, therefore the referee declared Fitzsimmons the winner by a knockout.

By this stage, Fitzsimmons had established his own style. He developed a certain movement and caginess from one of the greatest bare-knuckle fighters, Jem Mace. Mace encouraged Fitzsimmons to develop his punching technique, drawing on the enormous power he had gained from blacksmithing. Fitzsimmons delivered short, accurate and occasionally conclusive punches. He soon built up a reputation as by far the hardest puncher in boxing.

Winning the Middleweight title

Moving on to the United States, Fitzsimmons fought four more times in 1890, winning three and drawing one.

Then, on 14 January 1891, in New Orleans, he won his first world title from Jack (Nonpareil) Dempsey.[14][20] Fitzsimmons knocked out Dempsey (from whom the later Jack Dempsey took his name) in the 13th round to become the World Middleweight Champion. Fitzsimmons knocked Dempsey down at least 13 times and by the finish left him in such a pitiable condition that he begged him to quit. Since Dempsey would not do so, Fitzsimmons knocked him out and then carried him to his corner. On 22 July, police broke off his fight with Jim Hall after he had knocked Hall down several times.

Fitzsimmons spent the next two years fighting non-title bouts and exhibitions until giving Hall a chance at the title in 1893. He retained the crown by a knockout in round four. He spent the rest of that year doing exhibitions, and on 2 June, he had scheduled a two-way exhibition where he would demonstrate in public how to hit the boxing bag and then how to box against a real opponent. Reportedly, two freak accidents happened that day: Fitzsimmons hit the bag so hard that it broke, and then his opponent of that day allegedly slipped, getting hit in the head and the boxing exhibition was cancelled.

At a public sparring performance on 16 November 1894 at Jacob's Opera House, Syracuse, New York, Fitzsimmons knocked out sparring partner Con Riordan, who was carried off unconscious and died several hours later. Two months later Fitzsimmons was charged with manslaughter but was acquitted.[15]

Fitzsimmons vs. Sharkey

{{main|Fitzsimmons vs. Sharkey}}

After vacating the Middleweight title, Fitzsimmons began campaigning at heavyweight (the light heavyweight division did not exist at that time). On 2 December 1896, the San Francisco Athletic Club sponsored a fight at the Mechanics' Pavilion in San Francisco between Fitzsimmons and Tom Sharkey. Unable to find a referee, they called on former lawman Wyatt Earp. He had officiated 30 or so matches in earlier days, though not under the Marquess of Queensberry rules.[16] The fight may have been the most anticipated fight on American soil that year. Fitzsimmons was favoured to win, and bets flowed heavily his way. Earp entered the ring still armed with his customary Colt .45 and drew a lot of attention when he had to be disarmed. He later said he forgot he was wearing it. Fitzsimmons was taller and quicker than Sharkey and dominated the fight from the opening bell. In the eighth round, Fitzsimmons hit Sharkey with his famed "solar plexus punch," an uppercut under the heart that could render a man temporarily helpless. The punch caught Sharkey, Earp, and most of the crowd by surprise, and Sharkey dropped, clutched his groin, and rolled on the canvas, screamed foul.[17]

Earp stopped the bout, ruling that Fitzsimmons had hit Sharkey when he was down. His ruling was greeted with loud boos and catcalls.[18] Earp based his decision on the Marquess of Queensberry rules, which state in part, "A man on one knee is considered down and if struck is entitled to the stakes." Very few witnessed the foul Earp ruled on. He awarded the decision to Sharkey, who attendants carried out as "...limp as a rag.".[19]

Winning the Heavyweight title

In 1896, Fitzsimmons won a disputed version of the World Heavyweight Championship in a fight in Langtry, Texas, against the Irish fighter Peter Maher.[20] On 17 March 1897, in Carson City, Nevada, he knocked out American Jim Corbett, generally recognised as the legitimate World Heavyweight Champion (having won the title from John L. Sullivan in 1892) in round 14.[21][22] This constituted a remarkable achievement, as Jim Corbett, a skilled boxer, weighed one stone 3 pounds (17 lb) more than Fitzsimmons. He out-boxed Fitzsimmons for several rounds, knocked him down in the sixth round and badly damaged his face with his jab, left hook and right hand, but Fitzsimmons kept coming and Corbett began to tire. In the 14th round, Fitzsimmons won the title with his "solar plexus" punch. Corbett collapsed in agony. Fitzsimmons' "solar plexus" punch became legendary, although he himself may never have used the phrase. The entire fight was filmed by Enoch J. Rector and released to cinemas as The Corbett-Fitzsimmons Fight, the longest film ever released at the time. Using her maiden name, it was covered by Nellie Verrill Mighels Davis, the first woman to report a prize fight.[23]

Fitzsimmons spent the rest of 1897 and 1898 doing stage tours.{{clarify|date=October 2014}} In 1899, Fitzsimmons fought James J. Jeffries at the Coney Island Athletic Club near Brooklyn, New York. Most people gave Jeffries little chance, even though at over 15 stones (95 kg) he massively outweighed his opponent and was far younger, but Jeffries lifted the World Heavyweight Championship from Fitzsimmons with an 11th-round knockout.

In June 1901 Fitzsimmons took part in a wrestling match against Gus Ruhlin. He lost and went back to boxing. He then enjoyed legitimate boxing knockouts of leading contenders Ruhlin and Tom Sharkey.

In 1901 he published a book Physical Culture and Self-Defense (Philadelphia: D. Biddle). In 1902, he and Jeffries had a rematch, once again with the World Heavyweight Champion at stake. Fitzsimmons battered Jeffries, who suffered horrible punishment. With his nose and cheek bones broken, most would have sympathized with Jeffries had he quit, but he kept going until his enormous strength and youth wore down Bob and he knocked him out cold in round eight.

Winning the Light Heavyweight title

In November 1903, Fitzsimmons made history by defeating World Light Heavyweight Champion George Gardiner (also known as Gardner) by a decision in 20 rounds,[24][22] becoming the first boxer to win titles in three weight-divisions.[2]

Soon afterward, he went back to the Heavyweights, where he kept fighting until 1914, with mixed results. In 1907 at age 44, Fitzsimmons fought much younger Jack Johnson, during the time period in which reigning champion James J. Jeffries refused to fight Johnson. The bout between Johnson and Fitzsimmons ended in victory for Johnson with a second round knockout.[25]

Retirement

Although Fitzsimmons became a world champion in each of the Middleweight, Light Heavyweight and Heavyweight divisions, historians do not consider him the first world Light Heavyweight Champion to become World Heavyweight Champion, because he won the Heavyweight title before winning the Light Heavyweight belt. Michael Spinks counts as the first Light Heavyweight World Champion to win the Heavyweight belt as well. However, Fitzsimmons was the first Middleweight Champion to win the Heavyweight title and the only Heavyweight Champion to drop down and win the Light Heavyweight title. Fitzsimmons and later Henry Armstrong were the only men to win undisputed world championships in three different weight classes.

Fitzsimmons had a final professional record of 66 wins with 59 by knockout, 8 losses, 4 draws, 19 no contests and 2 no decisions (Newspaper Decisions: 2–0–0).

Fitzsimmons's exact record remains unknown, as the boxing world often kept records poorly during his era, but Fitzsimmons said he had had more than 350 fights (which could have involved exaggeration on his part).{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}

The statue Peace on the Dewey Arch was modelled on Fitsimmons by the sculptor Daniel Chester French.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}} A statue of Fitzsimmons has also stood in the city centre of Timaru, New Zealand, since 1987. It was commissioned by New Zealand millionaire boxing fan Bob Jones and sculpted by Margriet Windhausen.[26]

He died in Chicago of pneumonia in 1917, survived by his fourth wife. His grave lies in the Graceland Cemetery, Chicago. Having four wives, a gambling habit and a susceptibility to confidence tricksters, he did not hold on to the money he made.

The International Boxing Hall of Fame has made Bob Fitzsimmons a member in its "Old Timer" category.

In 2003 Ring Magazine named Fitzsimmons number eight of all time among boxing's best punchers.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}

Personal life

Fitzsimmons married four times and had six children, four of whom survived infancy.[27]

Professional boxing record

{{BoxingRecordSummary
|draws=4
|nc=7
|ko-wins=57
|ko-losses=7
|dec-wins=4
|dec-losses=0
|dq-wins=0
|dq-losses=1
}}
No.|NumberResultRecordOpponentTypeRound, timeDateLocationNotes
101{{abbr|NC|No contest}}–Jersey BellewND|No decision}}620 Feb 1914|none}}{{small|South Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, U.S.}}
100Win{{N/A}}KO SweeneyNWS|Newspaper decision}}629 Jan 1914|none}}{{small|Athletic Club, Williamsport, Pennsylvania, U.S.}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
99{{no2}}Loss61–8–4Bill LangKO|Knockout}}12 (20)27 Dec 1909|none}}{{small|Sydney Stadium, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|For Australian heavyweight title}}
98Draw–Jim PaulPTS|Points decision}}322 Sep 1908|none}}{{small|Benson Mines, New York, U.S.}}{{small|Not on Boxrec}}
97{{no2}}Loss61–7–4Jack JohnsonKO2 (6)17 Jul 1907|none}}{{small|Washington S.C., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.}}
96{{yes2}}Win61–6–4Charlie HagheyKO4 (6)31 Jan 1906|none}}{{small|Recreation Park, Webster, Massachusetts, U.S.}}
95{{no2}}Loss60–6–4Philadelphia Jack O'BrienRTD13 (20)20 Dec 1905|none}}{{small|Mechanic's Pavilion, San Francisco, California, U.S.}}{{small|Lost World light heavyweight title}}
94Win–Philadelphia Jack O'BrienNWS6 (6), 1:2223 Jul 1904|none}}{{small|Baker Bowl, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.}}
93{{yes2}}Win60–5–4George GardnerPTS2025 Nov 1903|none}}{{small|Mechanic's Pavilion, San Francisco, California, U.S.}}{{small|Won World light heavyweight title}}
92Win{{N/A}}Joe GrimNWS625 Nov 1903|none}}{{small|Southern A.C., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
91{{yes2}}Win59–5–4Con CoughlinTKO1 (6), 2:5230 Sep 1903|none}}{{small|Washington S.C., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.}}
90{{yes2}}Win58–5–4Mike RankeKO2 (4), 0:1527 Dec 1902|none}}{{small|Bozeman, Montana, U.S.}}
89{{yes2}}Win57–5–4? StewardKO1 (4)19 Dec 1902|none}}{{small|Butte, Montana, U.S.}}
88{{no2}}Loss56–5–4James J. JeffriesKO8 (20)25 Jul 1902|none}}{{small|The Arena, San Francisco, California, U.S.}}{{small|For World heavyweight title}}
87{{yes2}}Win56–4–4Tom SharkeyKO2 (25), 2:0624 Aug 1900|none}}{{small|Coney Island A.C., Brooklyn, New York, U.S.}}
86{{yes2}}Win55–4–4Gus RuhlinKO6 (25)10 Aug 1900|none}}{{small|Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.}}
85{{yes2}}Win54–4–4Ed DunkhorstKO2 (25), 2:2530 Apr 1900|none}}{{small|Hercules A.C., Brooklyn, New York, U.S.}}
84{{yes2}}Win53–4–4Jim DalyTKO1 (6)27 Mar 1900|none}}{{small|First Regiment Armory, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.}}
83{{yes2}}Win52–4–4Geoff ThorneKO1 (6)28 Oct 1899|none}}{{small|Tattersall's, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.}}
82{{no2}}Loss51–4–4James J. JeffriesKO11 (20)9 Jun 1899|none}}{{small|Coney Island A.C., Brooklyn, New York, U.S.}}{{small|Lost World heavyweight title}}
81{{yes2}}Win51–3–4Lew JoslinKO2 (4)5 Jun 1897|none}}{{small|Leadville, Colorado, U.S.}}
80{{yes2}}Win50–3–4James J. CorbettKO1417 Mar 1897|none}}{{small|The Race Track Arena, Carson City, Nevada, U.S.}}{{small|Won World heavyweight title}}
79{{no2}}Loss49–3–4Tom SharkeyDQ|Disqualified}}8 (10)2 Dec 1896|none}}{{small|Mechanic's Pavilion, San Francisco, California, U.S.}}
78{{yes2}}Win49–2–4Peter MaherKO1, 1:3521 Feb 1896|none}}{{small|Coahuila de Zaragoza, Mexico}}
77{{yes2}}Win48–2–4Mike ConnorsKO1 (4)19 Apr 1895|none}}{{small|New York City, New York, U.S.}}
76{{yes2}}Win47–2–4Al AllichKO3 (4)16 Apr 1895|none}}{{small|New York City, New York, U.S.}}
75{{yes2}}Win46–2–4Dan CreedonKO2 (20)26 Sep 1894|none}}{{small|Olympic A.C., New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.}}{{small|Retained World middleweight title}}
74{{yes2}}Win45–2–4Frank KellarKO2 (4)28 Jul 1894|none}}{{small|Driving Park, Buffalo, New York, U.S.}}
73{{draw}}Draw44–2–4Joe ChoynskiPTS5 (5)18 Jun 1894|none}}{{small|Boston Theater, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.}}
72{{yes2}}Win44–2–3Jack HickeyTKO3 (4)5 Sep 1893|none}}{{small|Caledonian Park, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.}}
71{{yes2}}Win43–2–3Dan ConerKO1 (4)30 May 1893|none}}{{small|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.}}
70{{yes2}}Win42–2–3Mike BrennanKO4 (4)6 May 1893|none}}{{small|Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.}}
69{{yes2}}Win41–2–3Joe GodfreyKO1 (4)21 Apr 1893|none}}{{small|Academy of Music, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.}}
68{{yes2}}Win40–2–3Mike MonoghanKO1 (4)21 Apr 1893|none}}{{small|Academy of Music, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.}}
67{{yes2}}Win39–2–3Alexander KilpatrickKO4 (4)21 Apr 1893|none}}{{small|Academy of Music, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.}}
66{{yes2}}Win38–2–3Jack SheridanTKO1 (4)15 Apr 1893|none}}{{small|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.}}
65{{yes2}}Win37–2–3Dan CurryKO2 (4)12 Apr 1893|none}}{{small|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.}}
64{{yes2}}Win36–2–3Hank SmithKO2 (4)12 Apr 1893|none}}{{small|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.}}
63{{yes2}}Win35–2–3Alexander KilpatrickKO3 (4)12 Apr 1893|none}}{{small|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.}}
62{{yes2}}Win34–2–3Jack WarnerTKO1 (4)31 Mar 1893|none}}{{small|Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.}}
61{{yes2}}Win33–2–3Phil MayoKO2 (4)25 Mar 1893|none}}{{small|2nd Regiment Armory, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.}}
60Draw32–2–3Dan BayliffPTS415 Mar 1893|none}}{{small|Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.}}
59{{yes2}}Win32–2–2Jim HallKO48 Mar 1893|none}}{{small|Crescent City Club, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.}}
58{{yes2}}Win31–2–2Jack BrittonRTD2 (4)10 Dec 1892|none}}{{small|Newark, New Jersey, U.S.}}
57{{yes2}}Win30–2–2Millard ZenderKO1 (4)3 Sep 1892|none}}{{small|Anniston, Alabama, U.S.}}
56{{yes2}}Win29–2–2Jerry SlatteryKO2 (4)11 May 1892|none}}{{small|Miners 8th St Theater, New York City, New York U.S.}}
55{{yes2}}Win28–2–2Joe GodfreyRTD2 (4)6 May 1892|none}}{{small|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.}}
54{{yes2}}Win27–2–2James FarrellPTS2 (4)29 Apr 1892|none}}{{small|Newark, New Jersey, U.S.}}
53{{yes2}}Win26–2–2Thomas RobbinsRTD3 (4)28 Apr 1892|none}}{{small|Newark, New Jersey, U.S.}}
52{{yes2}}Win25–2–2Tom BurnsRTD3 (4)28 Apr 1892|none}}{{small|Newark, New Jersey, U.S.}}
51{{yes2}}Win24–2–2James MaloneRTD2 (4)27 Apr 1892}}{{small|Newark, New Jersey, U.S.}}
50{{yes2}}Win23–2–2Charles PuffKO2 (4)26 Apr 1892|none}}{{small|Newark, New Jersey, U.S.}}
49{{yes2}}Win22–2–2Peter MaherRTD122 Mar 1892|none}}{{small|Olympic Club, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.}}
48NC–Harris MartinND41 May 1891|none}}{{small|Washington Rink, Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.}}
47{{yes2}}Win21–2–2Abe CoughleTKO2 (3)27 Apr 1891|none}}{{small|Battery D Armory, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.}}
46{{yes2}}Win20–2–2Jack "Nonpareil" DempseyRTD1314 Jan 1891|none}}{{small|Olympic Club, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.}}{{small|Won World middleweight title}}
45{{yes2}}Win19–2–2Arthur UphamKO928 Jul 1890|none}}{{small|Audubon Club, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.}}
44{{yes2}}Win18–2–2Billy McCarthyKO529 May 1890|none}}{{small|California A.C., San Francisco, California, U.S.}}
43{{yes2}}Win17–2–2Frank AllenRTD1 (3)17 May 1890|none}}{{small|California A.C., San Francisco, California, U.S.}}
42{{yes2}}Win16–2–2Professor Jack WestKO1 (4)1 Mar 1890|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}
41{{yes2}}Win15–2–2Edward Starlight RollinsTKO922 Feb 1890|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}
40{{no2}}Loss14–2–2Jim HallKO4 (20)11 Feb 1890|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|For Australian middleweight title}}
39Draw{{N/A}}Edward Starlight RollinsNWS410 Feb 1890|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
38{{yes2}}Win14–1–2Dave ConwayKO4 (15)1 Feb 1890|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}
37{{yes2}}Win13–1–2Dick EllisRTD3 (20)16 Dec 1889|none}}{{small|Royal Standard Theatre, Sydney, Australia}}
36{{yes2}}Win12–1–2Professor Jack WestKO1 (8)30 Nov 1889|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}
35Draw{{N/A}}Pat KielyNWS426 Nov 1889|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
34{{yes2}}Win11–1–2Jim HallRTD5 (8)19 Jan 1889|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Won Australian middleweight title}}
33Win{{N/A}}McEwanNWS31 Dec 1888|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
32Draw{{N/A}}Jim HallNWS424 Nov 1888|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
31Win{{N/A}}Jim HallNWS410 Nov 1888|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
30NC–Mick DooleyND48 May 1888|none}}{{small|Amateur Athletic Club, Sydney, Australia}}
29Draw{{N/A}}Bill SlavinNWS424 Nov 1888|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
28Draw{{N/A}}Bill SlavinNWS417 Mar 1888|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
27{{yes2}}Win10–1–2Bill SlavinTKO7 (8)5 Mar 1888|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}
26Draw{{N/A}}Billy McCarthy NWS411 Feb 1888|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
25Draw{{N/A}}Tom TaylorNWS426 Jan 1888|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
24Draw9–1–2Dan HickeyPTS423 Jan 1888|none}}{{small|Sydney, Australia}}
23NC–Frank SlavinND41 Jan 1888|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}
22{{yes2}}Win9–1–1Dave TraversKO324 Sep 1887|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}
21Loss{{N/A}}Jim HallNWS428 May 1887|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
20{{yes2}}Win8–1–1George EagerKO2 (4)4 Apr 1887|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}
19{{yes2}}Win7–1–1Bill SlavinTKO5 (8)21 Mar 1887|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}
18{{yes2}}Win6–1–1Dick SandallRTD4 (4)1 Mar 1887|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}
17{{yes2}}Win5–1–1George Seale PTS415 Feb 1887|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}
16Win{{N/A}}Jack BonnerNWS412 Feb 1887|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
15Draw{{N/A}}Frank SlavinNWS41 Jan 1887|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
14Draw4–1–1Jack MalloyPTS41 Nov 1886|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}
13NC–McArdleND49 Oct 1886|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}
12NC–Australian Billy Smith ND47 Oct 1886|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}
11Loss{{N/A}}Tom LeesNWS425 Aug 1886|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
10Win{{N/A}}McArdleNWS47 Aug 1886|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
9Loss{{N/A}}Mick DooleyNWS45 Jun 1886|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
8Loss{{N/A}}Mick DooleyNWS42 Jun 1886|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
7NC–Steve O'DonnellND422 May 1886|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}
6{{no2}}Loss4–1Mick DooleyRTD3 (4)15 May 1886|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}
5Draw{{N/A}}BrinsleyNWS48 May 1886|none}}{{small|Foley's Hall, Sydney, Australia}}{{small|Newspaper Decision}}
4{{yes2}}Win4–0Pablo FanqueKO2 (4)2 Feb 1886|none}}{{small|The Green, Sydney, Australia}}
3{{yes2}}Win3–0Jack GreentreeKO3 (4)1 May 1885|none}}{{small|Sydney, Australia}}
2{{yes2}}Win2–0Alf BrinsmeadKO2 (4)1 Apr 1885|none}}{{small|Sydney, Australia}}
1{{yes2}}Win1–0Joe RiddlePTS41 Mar 1885|none}}{{small|Sydney, Australia}}{{S-end}}

Works

  • {{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/physicalculture00fitzgoog |title=Physical Culture and self-defense |last=Fitzsimmons |first=Robert |year=1901 |publisher=Drexel Biddle |location=Philadelphia, PA}}

See also

  • List of lineal boxing world champions
  • List of heavyweight boxing champions
  • List of light heavyweight boxing champions
  • List of middleweight boxing champions
  • List of boxing triple champions
  • List of bare-knuckle boxers

Notes and references

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cyberboxingzone.com/boxing/pastchp.htm|title=The Lineal Boxing World Champions|publisher=The Cyber Boxing Zone Encyclopedia}}
2. ^1 {{cite web |title=Robert Fitzsimmons |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/208949/Robert-Fitzsimmons |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |accessdate= |quote=British boxer, the first fighter to hold the world boxing championship in three weight divisions.}}
3. ^McWhirter, Norris. The Guinness Book of World Records 1997. p.467. " Lightest heavyweight champion Robert James "Bob" Fitzsimmons of Great Britain, weighed 165 pounds when he won the title by knocking out James J. Corbett". Random House Publishing Group, 1997
4. ^1 2 3 {{DNZB|McMillan|N.A.C.|2f12|Fitzsimmons, Robert|15 January 2017}}
5. ^Ingram 2012, p. 37.
6. ^1 2 {{Cite ODNB|id=37418|title=Fitzsimmons, Robert [Bob] |last=Baker |first=Anne Pimlott |origyear=2004 |year=2011}}
7. ^{{cite web |url=http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-Bre01Whit-t1-body-d69.html |title=White Wings (volume I) |last=Brett |first=Henry |publisher=The Brett Printing Company Limited |year=1924 |location=Auckland, New Zealand |page=152}}
8. ^Nicholson 2011, p. 45.
9. ^Nicholson 2011, p. 46.
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/boxing-and-wrestling/page-1 |title=Boxing and wrestling – Professional boxing |last=Romanos |first=Joseph |website=The Encyclopedia of New Zealand |publisher=Ministry for Culture and Heritage |date=5 September 2013 |accessdate=15 January 2017}}
11. ^{{cite news |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/timaru-herald/1882/6/13/2 |title=[No title] |work=The Timaru Herald |date=13 June 1882 |page=2 |via=Papers Past}}
12. ^{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hce8_tXv63EC&pg=PA65#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=John L. Sullivan: The Career of the First Gloved Heavyweight Champion |last=Pollack |first=Adam |publisher=McFarland & Company Inc |location=Jefferson, North Carolina |isbn=978-0-7864-2558-7 |year=2006 |page=65}}
13. ^Kieza 2015, p. 30.
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cyberboxingzone.com/boxing/middle.htm|title=The Lineal Middlleweight Champions|publisher=The Cyber Boxing Zone Encyclopedia}}
15. ^Toronto Star, 19 January 1895.
16. ^{{cite web|last=Reilly |first=Joe |title=Born To Uphold The Law: Frank Sulloway’s Principles Applied to the Earp-Clanton Feud of 1879–1882 |url=http://idea.library.drexel.edu/bitstream/1860/1208/1/2006175044.pdf |publisher=Drexel E-Repository and Archive |accessdate=6 June 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070712215527/http://idea.library.drexel.edu/bitstream/1860/1208/1/2006175044.pdf |archivedate=12 July 2007 |df=dmy }}
17. ^{{cite news|last=Barra|first=Alan|title=BACKTALK;When Referee Wyatt Earp Laid Down the Law|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/11/26/sports/backtalk-when-referee-wyatt-earp-laid-down-the-law.html?pagewanted=2&src=pm|accessdate=23 April 2013|newspaper=New York Times|date=26 November 1995}}
18. ^{{cite news|last=Rasmussen|first=Cecilia|title=LA Then and Now: Mrs. Wyatt Earp Packed Her Own Punch|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2000/jun/04/local/me-37325|accessdate=29 June 2011|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=4 June 2000}}
19. ^{{cite journal |title=Wyatt Earp and the Buntline Special Myth |url=http://www.kshs.org/p/kansas-historical-quarterly-wyatt-earp-and-the-buntline-special-myth/13255 |first=William B. |last=Shillingberg |date=Summer 1976 |volume=42 |number=2 |pages=113–154 |journal=Kansas Historical Quarterly |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120201191828/http://www.kshs.org/p/kansas-historical-quarterly-wyatt-earp-and-the-buntline-special-myth/13255 |archivedate=1 February 2012 |df=dmy-all }}
20. ^{{cite book | last = Sonnichsen | first = C.L. | title = Pass of the North: Four Centuries on the Rio Grande | pages = 358–362 | url = | year= 1968 | publisher= Texas Western Press | isbn = }}
21. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cyberboxingzone.com/boxing/achamp.htm |title=The Lineal Heavyweight Champions |publisher=The Cyber Boxing Zone Encyclopedia |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5hNmFEqOV?url=http://www.cyberboxingzone.com/boxing/achamp.htm |archivedate=8 June 2009 |df=dmy-all }}
22. ^1 2 Box rec.com. boxer: Bob Fitzsimmons
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.unr.edu/nwhp/bios/women/davis.htm|title=Nellie Mighels Davis|work=Nevada Women's History Project|publisher=University of Nevada, Reno|accessdate=25 February 2012}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cyberboxingzone.com/boxing/lheavy.htm|title=The Lineal Light Heavyweight Champions|publisher=The Cyber Boxing Zone Encyclopedia}}
25. ^Ken Burns, Unforgivable Blackness
26. ^Romanos, J. "Statue of Bob Fitzsimmons, Timaru", Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, 27 January 2015. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
27. ^http://www.fitzsimmons.co.nz/html/genealogy.html

Bibliography

  • {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KuiGHfVCE68C |title=Australian Boxing World Champions |last=Ingram |first=Brian S |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-4771-0731-7 |publisher=Xlibris Corporation}}{{Self-published inline|certain=yes|date=December 2017}}
  • {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jVWiCgAAQBAJ |title=Boxing in Australia |last=Kieza |first=Grantlee |publisher=National Library of Australia |year=2015 |isbn=978-0-6422-7874-6 |location=Canberra}}
  • {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hNvPZSntgNwC |title=Hitters, Dancers and Ring Magicians: Seven Boxers of the Golden Age and Their Challengers |last=Nicholson |first=Kelly Richard |year=2011 |publisher=McFarland & Company Inc |location=Jefferson, North Carolina |isbn=978-0-7864-4990-3}}

Further reading

  • Kiwis With Gloves On by Brian F O'Brien, published 1960, Reed.

External links

{{Wikiquote}}
  • {{Boxrec|id=010552}}
  • A New Zealand tribute site
  • {{DNZB|id=2f12|title=Robert Fitzsimmons|plainlink=y}} in the Dictionary of New Zealand Biography
  • Biography in the 1966 Encyclopaedia of New Zealand (birth year wrong)
  • {{cite news|title=FACETIOUS "BOB" SLUGGER-ACTOR |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SU19080520.2.110&srpos=3&e=------190-en--50--1--txt-txIN-Fitzsimmons+Sharkey----1908--- |accessdate=8 January 2017|publisher=Sacramento Union |date=20 May 1908 |page=12}}
  • {{cite news|title=NURSING BOTTLE DEFEATS FITZ Former Heavyweight Champion Succumbs to Attack by Theater Manager |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SU19080726.2.131&srpos=1&e=------190-en--50--1--txt-txIN-Fitzsimmons+Sharkey----1908--- |accessdate=8 January 2017|publisher=Sacramento Union |date=26 July 1908 |page=12}}
  • {{cite news|title=HEROES OF THE RING IN DOUBT |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=LAH19060628.2.72&srpos=5&e=------190-en--50--1--txt-txIN-Fitzsimmons+Sharkey----1906--- |accessdate=8 January 2017|publisher=Los Angeles Herald |date=28 June 1906 |page=10|quote=Jim Corbett was a bank clerk. He's an actor at present. Bob Fitzsimmons was a blacksmith. He is running a farm now, doing monologue turns and fighting between times.}}
  • {{cite news|title=RING VETERAN TO GIVE VIEWS |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SFC19100627.2.54.9&srpos=16&e=------191-en--50--1--txt-txIN-Fitzsimmons+Sharkey------- |accessdate=8 January 2017|publisher=San Francisco Call |date=27 June 1910 |page=| quote=After all the contest on July 4 between Jeffries and Johnson will be a fight, and who better than a fighter can convey the idea of the intensity of the struggle, the courage that is required, the force that will be exerted and who better than Bob Fitzsimmons...}}
  • {{cite news|title=DEATH OF 'LANKY BOB' SHOCKS LA FRIENDS |url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=LAH19171022.2.134&srpos=3&e=------191-en--50--1--txt-txIN-Fitzsimmons+Sharkey------- |accessdate=8 January 2017|publisher=Los Angeles Herald |date=22 October 1917 |page=| quote=died in a Chicago hospital early this morning of pneumonia}}
{{S-start}}{{s-ach|ach}}{{Succession box|
 before= Nonpareil Jack Dempsey | title= World Middleweight Champion |  years= 14 January 1891 – 26 September 1894
Vacated | after= Tommy Ryan

}}{{Succession box|
 before= James J. Corbett | title= World Heavyweight Champion | years= 17 March 1897 – 9 June 1899 | after= James J. Jeffries

}}{{Succession box|
 before= George Gardiner | title= World Light Heavyweight Champion | years= 25 September 1903 – 20 December 1905 | after= Philadelphia Jack O'Brien

}}{{S-pre|}}{{S-bef | before=Peter Maher}}{{S-ttl|title=World Heavyweight Champion |years=21 February 1896 – 2 December 1896}}{{s-aft | after=Tom Sharkey}}{{S-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Fitzsimmons, Bob}}

21 : 1863 births|1917 deaths|19th-century British people|Bare-knuckle boxers|Burials at Graceland Cemetery (Chicago)|Cornish emigrants to New Zealand|Cornish emigrants to the United States|English male boxers|English people of Irish descent|Heavyweight boxers|International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees|Light-heavyweight boxers|Middleweight boxers|New Zealand male boxers|New Zealand emigrants to the United States|New Zealand people of English descent|New Zealand Sports Hall of Fame inductees|People from Helston|World boxing champions|World heavyweight boxing champions|World middleweight boxing champions
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