| 词条 | Bushcraft |
| 释义 |
Bushcraft is a popular term for wilderness survival skills. The term was popularized in the Southern Hemisphere by Les Hiddins (the Bush Tucker Man) as well as in the Northern Hemisphere by Mors Kochanski and recently gained considerable currency in the United Kingdom due to the popularity of Ray Mears and his bushcraft and survival television programs.[1] It is also becoming popular in urban areas where the average person is separated from nature, as a way to get back in tune with their rural roots. {{citation needed|date=May 2015}} The origin of the phrase "bushcraft" comes from skills used in the bush country of Australia. Often the phrase 'wilderness skills' is used as it describes skills used all over the world.{{citation needed|date=May 2015}} Bushcraft is about thriving in the natural environment, and the acquisition of the skills and knowledge to do so. Bushcraft skills include firecraft, tracking, hunting, fishing, shelter-building, navigation by natural means, the use of tools such as knives and axes, foraging, water sourcing, hand-carving wood, container construction from natural materials, and rope and twine-making, among others.{{citation needed|date=May 2015}} EtymologyThe Oxford English Dictionary definition of bushcraft is "skill in matters pertaining to life in the bush". The word has been used in its current sense in Australia and South Africa at least as far back as the 1800s. Bush in this sense is probably a direct adoption of the Dutch 'bosch', (now 'bos') originally used in Dutch colonies for woodland and country covered with natural wood, but extended to usage in British colonies, applied to the uncleared or un-farmed districts, still in a state of nature. Later this was used by extension for the country as opposed to the town. In Southern Africa, we get Bushman from the Dutch 'boschjesman' applied by the Dutch colonists to the natives living in the bush. In North America (where there was also considerable colonisation by the Dutch) you have the word 'bushwacker' which is close to the Dutch 'bosch-wachter' (now 'boswachter') meaning 'forest-keeper' or 'forest ranger'. Historically, the term has been spotted in the following books (amongst others):
TrademarkThe word bushcraft was trademarked by Bushcraft USA LLC. The application was submitted July 30, 2012 and issued November 12, 2013. This trademark is a service mark, for the general use of the word bushcraft and is not limited to electronic forms of communication or commerce. However, the validity of this TM is in question (nullified) since the Mark was used in commerce, by Mors Kochanski in 1981, 31 years prior and again in 1988, 24 years prior to Bushcraft USA making claim to the Mark. PromotersThe Irish-born Australian writer Richard Graves titled his outdoor manuals "The 10 bushcraft books".[2] Canadian wilderness instructor Mors Kochanski published the "Northern Bushcraft" book in 1981 and an expanded edition of the book in 1988. He has[3] stated on numerous occasions that book title was an explicit reference to Graves' work.[4] The term has enjoyed a recent popularity largely thanks to Ray Mears, Cody Lundin, Les Stroud, Dave Canterbury and their television programs. See also{{colbegin|colwidth=20em}}
References1. ^{{cite web|last1=Wade Cox|first1=Stephen|title=About Ray Mears|url=https://www.raymears.com/Ray_Mears/About_Ray_Mears.cfm|website=Ray Mears Bushcraft|publisher=Ray Mears Bushcraft|accessdate=22 January 2017}} 2. ^An on-line edition of 'The 10 Bushcraft Books' by Richard Graves http://chrismolloy.com/page.php?u=p131 3. ^Kochanski's webpage {{cite web |url=http://www.independent-adventurers.com/mors/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2012-11-07 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121223061444/http://www.independent-adventurers.com/mors/ |archivedate=2012-12-23 |df= }} 4. ^Mors Kochanski Interview, Equip 2 Endure Podcast www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bd_s3xMUsAA External links
2 : Survival skills|Primitive technology |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。