| 词条 | Four Brothers (band) |
| 释义 |
| name = The Four Brothers | image = | caption = | alt = | background = group_or_band | origin = Harare, Zimbabwe | genre = Pop | years_active = 1977-2002 | label = Cooking Vinyl, Gramma Records | associated_acts =
| website = | past_members =
}} The Four Brothers were perhaps the most internationally successful and recognised group to come from Zimbabwe. The members were not literally brothers. They played fast-paced guitar-based pop music with songs sung in the Shona language. Their lead guitar string-plucking sound is reminiscent of the sound of the African mbira instrument and is a style known as 'jit'. HistoryFounded in Zimbabwe (then Rhodesia) in 1977 by Marshall Munhumumwe and Never Mutare with Edward Matigasi and Aleck Chipaika, the band gained international recognition in the late 1980s with UK BBC Radio 1 DJ John Peel being their most well known advocate. Marshall Munhumumwe was the maternal uncle of Zimbabwean star Thomas Mapfumo. Marshal Munhumumwe was the last born in the family of Thomas Mapfumo's mother. At the time the Four Brothers formed, bands in Rhodesia were not allowed to play traditional African music. The Four Brothers therefore played rock and roll cover versions of well-known artists such as the Beatles. They took up a residency position at the Saratoga bar in Salisbury (now Harare). After the Chimurenga war of independence in Zimbabwe, it became possible to again play traditional music. The band's format and instruments are clearly influenced by western rock and roll but the sound is evidently originating from Africa. The lead guitar is played in such a way as to sound like mbira. Marshall Munhumumwe wrote most of the band's songs and music as well as unusually being both the lead singer and drummer. Their first big hit in Zimbabwe, 'Makorokoto', celebrated Zimbabwean independence. Makorokoto means 'Congratulations' in the Shona language. International recognitionAfter signing a deal with British record label, Cooking Vinyl, the band toured the UK and Canada. This apparently brought the band a greater degree of musical freedom enabling them to buy new instruments and to record more. BBC Radio 1 DJ John Peel championed The Four Brothers in the UK. They recorded four radio sessions for his show between 1988 and 2000. The band played at Peel's surprise 50th birthday party at his home and he selected 'Pasi Pano Pane Zviedzo' as one of his favourite records of all time on the radio show Desert Island Discs in 1990. Peel is often quoted as describing the Four Brothers as "..the best live band in the world". Death of main membersIn 1997 founder member Marshall Munhumumwe suffered a stroke, following a car crash. He was unable to continue to perform with the band and was replaced by Albert Ruwizhi. Munhumumwe died in 2001 at the age of 49 and the following year bass guitarist Never Mutare died. Finally, the last surviving member, Frank Sibanda died peacefully in December 2010. Controversy and legacyIn 2007, former band member James Nyamande who had been kicked out by Frank Sibanda after its demise in 2002, attempted to resuscitate the band but failed. By then he had formed his own band, the Makombe Brothers, although this group performed several Four Brothers songs. In 2012, Nyamande released an album under the Four Brothers name in an attempt to maintain the band's legacy, but was ordered by a civil court not to use the name, after objection from Marshall Munhumumwe's family. In 2016, Marshall Munhumumwe Jr., the son of the founder, eventually decided to join the new Four Brothers/Makombe Brothers band as their administrator, to maintain his father's legacy. However, this new band has struggled to gain traction in the music industry due to scepticism from promoters and the public, following the passing away of the original Four Brothers band members. Discography and band membersMandega/Makorokoto(7 inch single 1977) Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation (ZBC) Mandega (Doing it alone) - Their 1st song. Makorokoto (Congratulations) - Their 1st hit.
Rugare(US LP/Cassette 1986) WEA Records/Tusk Music Company SUH1048/ZSUH1048 Marshall Munhumunwe - lead vocals, drums, composer
Ndakatambura Newe(LP 1987) Kumusha/Gramma Records KSALP119
TitlePatrick Mkwamba and The Four Brothers
Tonosangana IkokoPatrick Mkwamba and The Four Brothers(LP 1984) Kumusha/Gramma Records KSALP104
Rudo Chete(LP 1988) Kumusha/Gramma Records KSALP124
Uchandifunga(UK 12-inch single 1988) (Recorded at Shed Studios, Harare, Zimbabwe) Cooking Vinyl FRY005T
Vimbayi(7 inch single 1988) Gramma Records
Makorokoto(UK compilation CD/LP Gramma Records 1988 © Cooking Vinyl 1989) Cooking Vinyl COOKCD014/COOK014 Marshall Munhumumwe - drums and lead vocals Never Mutare – bass and vocals Aleck Chipaika – rhythm guitar and vocals Edward Matiyasi – lead guitar and vocals Makorokoto was released on the UK on the Cooking Vinyl record label and uses A Serengeti licensed product from Gramma Records, Zimbabwe. It was a CD & LP release. The CD contains all 16 tracks while the LP version contains only 10 tracks. When the LP ‘Bros' was released the following year the tracks that did not appear on the Makorokoto LP were included as a free six track EP Gramma Records/Cooking Vinyl CHEF002X
Makorokoto(UK 7 inch single) Earthworks DIG002
The Peel Seesions(UK 12 inch red vinyl EP 1988) BBC Enterprises Ltd./Strange Fruit SFPS070 Never Mutare - bass and backing vocals Frank Sibanda - guitar and backing vocals Alick Chipaika - guitar and backing vocals Marshall Ticharwa Munhumumwe - drums and lead vocals
Pasi Pano Pane Zviedzo(7 inch single 1989)
Bros(UK CD/LP 1989) Cooking Vinyl COOKCD023/COOK023 Frank Sibanda replaced Edward Matiyasi – Lead guitar and vocals
The Best Of The Four Brothers (Makorokoto)(US compilation CD 1990) Atomic Theory ATD1106
Mukadzi Wepiri(LP 1990) Kumusha/Gramma Records KSALP129
Wachiveiko?Marshall Munhumumwe & The Four Brothers(LP, Cassette 1993) Kumusha/Gramma Records KSALP147, L4KSALP147
MambakwedzaMarshall Munhumumwe and Four Brothers(LP 1994) Gramma Records
Kumawere(LP 1994) Gramma Records
Mbereko YakarambaMarshall Munhumumwe and Four Brothers(LP 1994)
Pfimbi Yemashoko(LP) Gramma Records
Ndinvumbamireiwo(7 inch single 1996) Zimbabwe Music Corporation (ZMC) FYF559
Greatest Hits 1994 To 1996Marshall Munhumumwe and Four Brothers(compilation CD 1996) Zimbabwe Music Corporation (ZMC) CDZIL308
The Hits Of The Four Brothers Volume 2(compilation CD 1996) Gramma Records ZCD121
Manga Manga(UK CD 1998) Positive Cultural Promotions (PCP) PCPCD02 Never Mutare – bass guitar and backing vocals Frank Sibanda – lead and acoustic guitar and backing vocals Albert Ruwizhi – drums and lead vocals Robium Chauraya – rhythm guitar and backing vocals (Aleck Chipaika played keyboards at around this time but does not appear on the CD)
Early Hits Of The Four Brothers(compilation CD 2000) Gramma Records CDGRAMMA182
Zvehama(Cassette 2002) Zimbabwe Music Corporation (ZMC) ZC361
Ruvengo(CD 2004) Gramma Records
The recordings of The Four Brothers appear on many compilation albums. 'Pasi Pano Pane Zviedzo' appears on the 2006 compilation in tribute to John Peel 'Right Time, Wrong Speed' References{{Citationstyle|date=November 2017}}
External links
1 : Zimbabwean music |
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