| 词条 | Crawford, Nebraska |
| 释义 |
|official_name = Crawford, Nebraska |settlement_type = City |image_skyline = Crawford, Nebraska 2nd St from Linn 1.JPG |imagesize = |image_caption = Downtown Crawford: 2nd Street, looking north from Linn Street |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Dawes_County_Nebraska_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Crawford_Highlighted.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location of Crawford, Nebraska |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = United States |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = Nebraska |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Dawes |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |established_title = |established_date = |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = [1] |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 3.04 |area_land_km2 = 3.04 |area_water_km2 = 0.00 |area_total_sq_mi = 1.18 |area_land_sq_mi = 1.18 |area_water_sq_mi = 0.00 |population_as_of = 2010 |population_est = 953 |pop_est_as_of = 2017 |population_footnotes = [2] |population_total = 997 |population_density_km2 = 312.99 |population_density_sq_mi = 810.37 |timezone = Mountain (MST) |utc_offset = -7 |timezone_DST = MDT |utc_offset_DST = -6 |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 1121 |elevation_ft = 3678 |coordinates = {{coord|42|41|1|N|103|24|44|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}} |postal_code_type = ZIP code |postal_code = 69339 |area_code = 308 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 31-11195[2] |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 0835534[3] |website = http://www.crawfordnebraska.net/ |footnotes = |pop_est_footnotes = [5] }}Crawford is a city in Dawes County, in the northwestern part of the state of Nebraska, in the Great Plains region of the United States. The population was 997 at the 2010 census.[4] It was incorporated in 1886 and was named for the late Captain Emmet Crawford, who had been stationed at nearby Fort Robinson.[5] HistoryThe Fremont, Elkhorn and Missouri Valley Railroad reached Fort Robinson in 1886 on its way to Wyoming. Several miles east of the Fort, the railroad passed through a tree claim belonging to William Annin (also spelled "Annon"), who sold his claim for a new townsite. The "tent city" that sprang up around the railroad was named after Lt. Emmet Crawford, who had been formerly stationed at Fort Robinson but was killed in Mexico in January 1886.[5] The town's original plat was filed on June 21, 1886 by the Western Townsite Company. E.A. Thompson and William D. Edger (editor of the original Crawford Clipper) circulated a petition for Crawford to become a village, but upon getting only 69 of the 200 needed signatures, secured the remaining signatures from willing soldiers at Fort Robinson.[6] Crawford was incorporated in August 1886.[7] Seeking entertainment, the soldiers kept the town supplied with much business during its early years. Crawford was a very wild frontier town, and was home to many saloons and brothels. Calamity Jane came to Crawford from Deadwood, South Dakota with ten dancing girls and set up a tent south of town. Several murders took place in Crawford, most involving soldiers from Fort Robinson.[6][8] The Elite Theater was established about 1910 in a converted saloon. The theater was owned and operated by Mrs. Georgianna Higgins, thought to be the first woman theater owner in the United States.[10][11] Crawford's population peaked at 2,536 in 1910, largely because of the Kinkaid Act. It attracted many new settlers to western Nebraska who could claim public land for homesteading. But many found it impossible to successfully conduct dry-land farming on the 640-acre plots made available, and began to sell out to ranchers. The population of Crawford reflected that change and dropped to 1,646 by 1920. Businesses declined with the loss of customers. The town made some minor recovery, and the population was 1,845 in 1940. Because of urbanization and people seeking jobs, and the decline of family agriculture on the Great Plains, the population has been steadily decreasing since.[5] In the Lakota language, Crawford is known as oglíyotake otȟúŋwahe, or "Return and Settle City".[12] GeographyCrawford is located at {{coord|42|41|1|N|103|24|44|W|type:city}} (42.683617, -103.412297).[13] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|1.18|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all of it land.[14] It is situated on the White River. Crawford sits 3,675 feet above sea level, and the surrounding area is rolling, with bluffs and low hills. The soils include sandy dirt and "gumbo" clay.[15] Demographics{{US Census population|1890= 571 |1900= 731 |1910= 1323 |1920= 1646 |1930= 1703 |1940= 1845 |1950= 1824 |1960= 1588 |1970= 1438 |1980= 1542 |1990= 1115 |2000= 1107 |2010= 997 |estyear=2017 |estimate=953 |estref=[16] |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[17] }} 2010 censusAs of the census[18] of 2010, there were 997 people, 470 households, and 249 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|844.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 567 housing units at an average density of {{convert|480.5|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 95.6% White, 0.1% African American, 0.9% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.7% Pacific Islander, 0.2% from other races, and 2.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.0% of the population. There were 470 households of which 21.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.7% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 47.0% were non-families. 41.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 26% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.07 and the average family size was 2.85. The median age in the city was 49.1 years. 21% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 17.8% were from 25 to 44; 28.7% were from 45 to 64; and 27.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 45.0% male and 55.0% female. 2000 censusAs of the census[2] of 2000, there were 1,107 people, 473 households, and 295 families residing in the city. The population density was 969.9 people per square mile (374.9/km²). There were 537 housing units at an average density of 470.5 per square mile (181.9/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 93.68% White, 0.09% African American, 3.43% Native American, 0.90% from other races, and 1.90% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.99% of the population. There were 473 households out of which 27.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.6% were non-families. 34.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 20.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.92. In the city, the population was spread out with 24.8% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 21.8% from 25 to 44, 23.3% from 45 to 64, and 22.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 78.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 75.2 males. As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $28,095, and the median income for a family was $35,139. Males had a median income of $26,250 versus $19,000 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,891. About 9.7% of families and 15.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.0% of those under age 18 and 14.8% of those age 65 or over. Arts and cultureCrawford and its surrounding area include several cultural institutions. Crawford's primary library is the Crawford Public Library.[19] The Crawford Historical Museum contains artifacts and materials relevant to the city's history.[20] Fort Robinson is a state park and National Historic Landmark District several miles west of Crawford that includes two museums and a play theatre.[21] Located south of Crawford, near the ghost town of Belmont, is the Belmont Tunnel. Also, two sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places are within the city limits, the Co-operative Block Building and the US Post Office. Annual cultural eventsYearly events in Crawford include the Peabody Hale Fiddle Contest, the Old West Trail PRCA Rodeo, the Northwest Nebraska Rock Swap, numerous Independence Day activities, and the Fort Robinson Western & Wildlife Art Show.[22] Parks and recreationCrawford's city park is located in Northwest Crawford, along the White River. The other park, Peabody Hale Memorial Park, is the location of the city's swimming pool and baseball diamonds. Fort Robinson State Park[23] and the Nebraska National Forest are also local recreational areas. Finally, Crawford has a golfing facility, the Legends Buttes Golf Course.[24] The local rodeo grounds are west of the city park and are the location of a yearly PRCA rodeo.[25] Rail transportationCrawford is served by two freight railroads, BNSF Railway via Crawford Hill and the Nebraska Northwestern Railroad. The original Fremont, Elkhorn and Missouri Valley Railroad line was abandoned west of Crawford in 1992 by modern successor Chicago and North Western. There is no passenger service to or from Crawford, and the original depot has long ago been demolished. The city still remains an important point on the railroad with BNSF Railway still basing teams of one man, engineer only crews at Crawford to assist in pushing trains up the grade over Crawford Hill.{{Citation needed|date=December 2014}} Notable people
See also
References1. ^{{cite web|title=2017 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2017_Gazetteer/2017_gaz_place_31.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=Jan 12, 2019}} 2. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2008-01-31 |title=American FactFinder |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov/ |archivedate=2013-09-11 |df= }} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=2007-10-25}} 4. ^{{cite news |title=Chadron, county show growth |author=George Ledbetter |url=http://www.rapidcityjournal.com/thechadronnews/news/article_0bfc2de8-943e-5790-a008-f492b9e21542.html |newspaper=The Chadron Record |date=10 March 2011 |accessdate=15 April 2012}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |author = The Louis Berger Group, Inc. |date = 2005-08-01 |title = Nebraska Historic Buildings Survey - Dawes County |url = http://www.nebraskahistory.org/histpres/reports/DawesCounty.pdf |accessdate = 2011-12-17 }} 6. ^1 2 {{cite book |author=Crawford Diamond Jubilee Committee |year=1961 |title=Crawford, Nebraska 1886-1961 |publisher=Crawford Diamond Jubilee Committee}} 7. ^{{cite book|last=Shumway|first=Grant Lee|title=History of Western Nebraska and Its People|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7RM1AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA550|year=1921|publisher=Western publishing & engraving Company|page=550}} 8. ^{{cite book |title=Wild Towns of Nebraska |last=Lee |first=Wayne C. |year=1988 |publisher=The CAXTON PRINTERS, Ltd. |location=Caldwell, Idaho |isbn=0870043250}} 9. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.casde.unl.edu/history/counties/dawes/crawford/ | title=Crawford, Dawes County | publisher=University of Nebraska | work=Center for Advanced Land Management Information Technologies | accessdate=4 August 2014}} 10. ^{{cite book |title=Dawes County Nebraska: The First 100 Years |last=Pinney |first=Patricia M. |year=1985 |publisher=Curtis Media Corporation |location=Dallas, Texas |isbn=978-1-881070-35-1}} 11. ^{{cite book |title=Who's Who in Nebraska |author=Nebraska Press Association |year=1940 |publisher=Nebraska Press Association |location=Lincoln, Nebraska |page=240 |url=http://www.usgennet.org/usa/ne/topic/resources/OLLibrary/who1940/co/dawes2.htm |accessdate=15 April 2012}} 12. ^{{cite book |last=Ullrich |first=Jan F. |title=New Lakota Dictionary |url=http://www.lakotadictionary.org/nldo.php |edition=2nd |year=2014 |publisher=Lakota Language Consortium |location=Bloomington, IN |isbn=978-0-9761082-9-0}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}} 14. ^{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2012-06-24 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/64vfLAeJ2?url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=2012-01-24 |df= }} 15. ^{{cite web |author = Nebraska Public Power District |date = 2011-03-01 |title = COMMUNITY FACTS - CRAWFORD, NEBRASKA |url = http://sites.nppd.com/aedc/FactsBook/Crawfordbook.pdf |accessdate = 2011-12-17 }} 16. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2017.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=March 24, 2018}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|archivedate=May 12, 2015|df= }} 18. ^1 {{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2012-06-24}} 19. ^{{cite web |url=http://nlc.nebraska.gov/scripts/libraries/basiclibrarydata.asp?libcode=NE0061 |title=Nebraska Public Library Database: Crawford Public Library |author=Nebraska Library Commission |accessdate=15 April 2012}} 20. ^{{cite web |url=http://crawfordmuseum.org/ |title=Crawford Historical Society & Museum – Home |author=N. Sonnenschein |accessdate=15 April 2012}} 21. ^{{cite web |url=http://outdoornebraska.ne.gov/parks/guides/parksearch/showpark.asp?Area_No=77 |title=Fort Robinson State Park |author=Nebraska Game and Parks Commission |accessdate=15 April 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415103345/http://outdoornebraska.ne.gov/parks/guides/parksearch/showpark.asp?Area_No=77 |archivedate=15 April 2012 |df= }} 22. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.crawfordnebraska.biz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=46&Itemid=84 |title=Events |last=Oldfield |first=Robert |accessdate=15 April 2012}} 23. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.crawfordnebraska.biz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=47:parks&catid=36:attractions&Itemid=55 |title=Parks |author=Crawford Chamber of Commerce |accessdate=15 April 2012}} 24. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.crawfordnebraska.biz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=49:recreational&catid=36:attractions&Itemid=55 |title=Recreational |author=Crawford Chamber of Commerce |accessdate=15 April 2012}} 25. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.oldwesttrailrodeo.com/aboutus.html |title=Old West Trail Rodeo: About Us |accessdate=15 April 2012}} External links{{Commons category|Crawford, Nebraska}}{{Wikivoyage|Crawford (Nebraska)}}
3 : Cities in Nebraska|Cities in Dawes County, Nebraska|Crawford, Nebraska |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。