| 词条 | Cromartie Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 4th Duke of Sutherland |
| 释义 |
| name = The Duke of Sutherland | image = Shield of arms of Cromartie Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 4th Duke of Sutherland, KG.png | image_size = 260 | caption = The Duke of Sutherland's garter encircled shield of arms | birth_date = {{Birth date|1851|7|20|df=y}} | birth_place = London | death_date = {{Death date and age|1913|6|27|1851|7|20|df=y}} | title = Duke of Sutherland | tenure = 22 September 1892 – 27 June 1913 | other_titles = Earl of Sutherland | residence = | predecessor = George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 3rd Duke of Sutherland | successor = George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 5th Duke of Sutherland | heir = | heir-type = | parents = George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 3rd Duke of Sutherland Anne Hay-Mackenzie | spouse = Lady Millicent St Clair-Erskine | issue = Lady Victoria Elizabeth Sutherland-Leveson-Gower George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 5th Duke of Sutherland Lord Alastair Sutherland-Leveson-Gower Rosemary Ward, Viscountess Ednam }} Cromartie Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 4th Duke of Sutherland, {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|KG}} (20 July 1851– 27 June 1913[1]), styled Lord Cromartie Sutherland-Leveson-Gower until 1858, Earl Gower between 1858 and 1861 and Marquess of Stafford between 1861 and 1892, was a British peer and politician from the Leveson-Gower family. BackgroundSutherland was the eldest son of George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 3rd Duke of Sutherland. He was born in London and educated at Eton College.[2] Despite being very wealthy, Sutherland became concerned that his landed estates were no longer viable. Towards the end of his life he disposed of properties in the UK (such as Trentham Hall and Stafford House) and began moving his wealth to Canada.[3] His political allegiance shifted from the Liberal Party to the Conservative Party. Military careerAs Marquess of Stafford, Sutherland entered the 2nd Life Guards as a cornet. He retired from regular army service as a lieutenant in 1875,[2] but was commissioned Captain in the Staffordshire Yeomanry in 1876 and commanded that regiment as Lieutenant-Colonel from 1891 to 1898, after which he became its honorary colonel.[4] He was also Lieutenant-Colonel of the Sutherland Rifles, a volunteer regiment of his ducal county in Scotland, from 1882 to 1891.[2] From 1911 until his death he was honorary colonel of the 5th Territorial Force battalion of the Seaforth Highlanders.[5] He was President of the Staffordshire Territorial Forces Association from the formation of the Territorial Force in 1908.[5] Political careerSutherland served as MP for Sutherland. On succeeding to his father's peerage in 1892, he became a member of the House of Lords, sitting on the Conservative benches. He also served as Mayor of Longton, near Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, in 1895-96, and was an alderman of the borough from 1898.[5] HonoursThe Duke was appointed a Knight of the Order of the Garter (KG) in the 1902 Coronation Honours list published on 26 June 1902,[6] and was invested by King Edward VII at Buckingham Palace on 8 August 1902.[7] Sporting InterestsThe Duke was for some time Master of Foxhounds of the North Staffordshire Hunt.[8] FamilyHe married Lady Millicent St Clair-Erskine, daughter of Robert St Clair-Erskine, 4th Earl of Rosslyn, on 20 October 1884. They had four children:
In 1900 the Duke of Sutherland owned about 1,358,000 acres (550,000 hectares) and the steam yacht Catania, which was chartered by some of the super-rich of that era. The Duke died at Dunrobin Castle, Sutherland, on 27 June 1913, aged 61, and was buried at Dunrobin.[8] References1. ^Who's Who 1914, p. xxiv, has 26 June as the date of death 2. ^1 2 {{cite book|title=The Complete Peerage, Volume XII|year=1953|publisher=St Catherine's Press|page=567}} 3. ^[https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1913/06/27/100400606.pdf Duke of Sutherland dead], New York Times 4. ^{{cite book|title=Kelly's Handbook of the Titled, Landed and Official Classes, 1900|publisher=Kelly's|page=1301}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite book|title=Kelly's Handbook of the Titled, Landed and Official Classes, 1913|publisher=Kelly's|page=1648}} 6. ^{{Cite newspaper The Times |articlename=The Coronation Honours |day_of_week=Thursday |date=26 June 1902 |page_number=5 |issue=36804| }} 7. ^{{Cite newspaper The Times |articlename=Court Circular |day_of_week=Saturday |date=9 August 1902 |page_number=6 |issue=36842| }} 8. ^1 {{cite book|title=The Complete Peerage, Volume XII|page=568}} 9. ^ Rachel Trethewey (The History Press, 2018) Before Wallis: Edward VIII’s other women External links
17 : 1851 births|1913 deaths|Dukes of Sutherland|Earls of Sutherland|Knights of the Garter|Leveson-Gower family|Mayors of places in Staffordshire|Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Scottish constituencies|Scottish Liberal Party MPs|Lord-Lieutenants of Sutherland|People educated at Eton College|UK MPs 1874–80|UK MPs 1880–85|UK MPs 1885–86|Directors of the London and North Western Railway|Conservative Party (UK) hereditary peers|Staffordshire Yeomanry officers |
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