| 词条 | Georgy Flyorov |
| 释义 |
| honorific_suffix = HSL | name =Georgy Nikolayevich Flyorov | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = RUSMARKA-1660.jpg | image_size = | image_upright = | alt = | caption =Stamp recognition of Georgy N. Flyorov (1913–1990) | birth_date ={{birth date |1913|03|02}} | birth_place =Rostov-on-Don, Russian Empire | death_date ={{death date and age |1990|11|19|1913|03|02}} | death_place =Moscow, Soviet Union | death_cause = |resting_place = Novodevichy Cemetery, Moscow | resting_place_coordinates = | other_names = | residence = | citizenship ={{USSR}} | nationality ={{RUS}} | fields =Nuclear physics | workplaces =Joint Institute for Nuclear Research USSR Academy of Science | patrons = | education = | alma_mater =Leningrad Polytechnic Institute | thesis_title = | thesis_url = | thesis_year = | doctoral_advisor = | academic_advisors = | doctoral_students = | known_for =Discovery of spontaneous fission, Soviet atomic bomb project | influences = | notable_students = Yuri Oganessian | influenced = | awards =Hero of Socialist Labor {{small|(1949)}} | author_abbrev_bot = | author_abbrev_zoo = | spouse = | partner = | children = | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = }} Georgy Nikolayevich Flyorov ({{lang-rus|Гео́ргий Никола́евич Флёров|p=gʲɪˈorgʲɪj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ ˈflʲɵrəf}}; 2 March 1913 – 19 November 1990) was a Soviet nuclear physicist who is known for his discovery of spontaneous fission and his contribution towards the physics of thermal reactions. In addition, he is also known for his letter directed to Joseph Stalin, during the midst of World War II, to start the atomic bomb project in the Soviet Union. In 2012, element 114 was named flerovium after the research laboratory at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research bearing his name.[1] BiographyFlyorov was born in Rostov-on-Don and attended the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute (now known as the Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University) and majored in thermal physics and nuclear physics. He is known for writing to Stalin in April 1942, while serving as an air force lieutenant, and pointing out the conspicuous silence within the field of nuclear fission in the United States, Great Britain, and Germany.[2] Flyorov's urgings to "build the uranium bomb without delay"[3] eventually led to the development of the Soviet atomic bomb project. He discovered spontaneous fission in 1940 with Konstantin Petrzhak. In the 1970s he claimed as his discovery two transition metal elements: seaborgium[4] and bohrium.[5] He founded the Flyorov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions (FLNR), one of the main labs of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna in 1957, and was director there until 1989. Also during this period, he chaired the Scientific Council of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Honours and awards
References1. ^{{cite news|last=Brown|first=Mark|title=Two Ultraheavy Elements Added to Periodic Table|url=https://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2011/06/new-heavy-elements/|accessdate=6 June 2011|newspaper=Wired|date=6 June 2011}} 2. ^{{cite book|author=Kean, Sam |title=The Disappearing Spoon: And Other True Tales of Madness, Love, and the History of the World from the Periodic Table of the Elements|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cky2x4wWvEUC&pg=PT86|date=12 July 2010|publisher=Little, Brown|isbn=978-0-316-08908-1|pages=86–}} 3. ^Cochran TB et al. (1995) Making the Russian bomb from Stalin to Yeltsin {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101214091141/http://docs.nrdc.org/nuclear/files/nuc_01019501a_138.pdf |date=14 December 2010 }}. Natural Resources Defense Council 4. ^{{cite journal|journal=JETP Letters|author1=Oganesyan Yu.Ts. |author2=Tret'yakov Yu.P. |author3=M'inov A.S. |author4=Demin A.G. |author5=A.A. Pleve A.A. |author6=Tret'yakova S.P. |author7=Plotko V.M. |author8=Ivanov M.P. |author9=Danilov N.A. |author10=Korotkin Yu.S. |author11=Flerov G.N. |year=1974|title=Synthesis of neutron-deficient isotopes of fermium, kurchatovium, and element 106|volume=20|issue=8|pages=265|url=http://www.jetpletters.ac.ru/ps/1791/article_27348.shtml|bibcode = 1974JETPL..20..265O }} Original Russian version. 5. ^{{cite journal|journal=JETP Letters|author1=Oganesyan Yu.Ts. |author2=Demin A.G. |author3=Danilov N.A. |author4=Ivanov M.P. |author5=Il'inov A.S. |author6=Kolesnikov N.N. |author7=Markov B.M. |author8=Plotko V.M. |author9=Tret'yakova S.P. |author10=Flerov G.N. |year=1976|title=Synthesis of neutron-deficient isotopes of fermium, kurchatovium, and element 106|volume=23|issue=5|pages=277|url=http://www.jetpletters.ac.ru/ps/1799/article_27509.shtml|bibcode = 1976JETPL..23..277O }} Original Russian version. External links{{Commons category}}
15 : Russian physicists|Russian nuclear physicists|Soviet physicists|20th-century physicists|Soviet nuclear physicists|Russian inventors|Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences|Heroes of Socialist Labour|Recipients of the Order of Lenin|Recipients of the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class|Lenin Prize winners|Stalin Prize winners|Recipients of the USSR State Prize|1913 births|1990 deaths |
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