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词条 April 1924 tornado outbreak
释义

  1. Confirmed tornadoes

     April 29  April 30 

  2. See also

  3. References

     Bibliography 
{{Infobox storm
| name = April 1924 tornado outbreak
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| type = Tornado outbreak
| active = April 29–30, 1924
| lowest pressure =
| lowest temperature =
| tornadoes = ≥ 28
| fujitascale = F4
| tornado duration =
| highest winds =
| hail =
| gusts =
| maximum snow =
| power outages =
| total fatalities = 114 fatalities, ≥ 1,166 injuries
| damages = Unknown
| affected = Southern United States
| current advisories =
| enhanced =
| notes =
}}

The April 1924 tornado outbreak was an outbreak of at least 28 tornadoes—26 of which were significant, meaning F2 or stronger—across the Southern United States on April 29–30, 1924. The tornadoes left 114 dead and at least 1,166 injured, mostly in the Carolinas, with 76 deaths in South Carolina alone, along with 16 in Georgia and 13 in Alabama.[1] Killer tornadoes touched down from Oklahoma and Arkansas to Virginia. The deadliest tornado of the outbreak was a long-lived tornado family that produced F4 damage in rural portions of South Carolina, killing 53 people and injuring at least 534. The tornado is the deadliest ever recorded in South Carolina and is one of the longest-tracked observed in the state,[2] having traveled {{convert|105|mi|km|sigfig=3|lk=on}};[1] some sources list a total path length of {{convert|135|mi|km|sigfig=3|abbr=on}},[2] including the segment in Florence County, but this is now believed to have been a separate, F3 tornado.[1]

Confirmed tornadoes

{{Tornado Chart Pre-1950|Total = ≥ 28|F? = 2|F0 = ?|F1 = ?|F2 = 13|F3 = 11|F4 = 2|F5 = 0}}

April 29

F#LocationCountyTime (UTC)Path lengthDamage
Oklahoma
cat2}} | F2SE of IngallsPayne10002|mi|km|}}1 death – A tornado leveled three homes. Other damage from downbursts totaled $200,000 in the area.[3]
Arkansas
cat2}} | F2N of TexarkanaMiller20300.5|mi|km|}}1 death – A brief tornado razed eight homes.[3]
Louisiana
cat3}} | F3Crichton areaRed River23300.5|mi|km|}}A tornado leveled only one home and damaged three others nearby.[3]
cat2}} | F2Many areaSabine00301|mi|km|}}1 death – A tornado produced a wide swath of damage as it passed through Many, injuring many structures and vegetation.[3]
Sources:
{{clear}}

April 30

F#LocationCountyTime (UTC)Path lengthDamage
Alabama
cat2}} | F2Autaugaville areaAutauga08451|mi|km|}}A tornado struck Autaugaville, tearing off roofs and leveling a church. Outside town, the tornado razed barns and tenant homes.[3]
cat2}} | F2S of RoanokeChambers, Randolph103010|mi|km|}}1 death – A tornado flattened little homes and "one of the finest homes in the county", killing one person. Another individual was transported {{convert>400|yd|m|sigfig=3|lk=on}} from one home.[3]
cat3}} | F3Greenville areaButler10501|mi|km|}}1 death – A narrow funnel temporarily touched down in Greenville, leveling well-built homes and ripping off roofs.[3]
cat2}} | F2SE of Auburn to NE of OpelikaLee110015|mi|km|}}4 deaths – A tornado affected six farms near Auburn, destroying rural buildings. The tornado then struck the north side of Opelika, leveling about six little homes in the "Gentry Hill" area.[3] Three people died in the area as onlookers in downtown Opelika observed the tornado. The tornado killed one more person in a rural tenant home before dissipating.[3]
cat3}} | F3NW of Union Springs to N of HannonBullock, Macon115023|mi|km|}}6 deaths – This devastating tornado destroyed the entire community of Thompson in Bullock County. In the community, the tornado leveled 20 structures, killing six people, and caused roughly $80,000 in losses.[3] One of the dead was reportedly found {{convert>1|mi|km|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} from its home. The tornado caused further damage near Hannon before dissipating.[3]
cat2}} | F2E of Tarentum to SE of LouisvillePike, Barbour123027|mi|km|}}1 death – A tornado flattened many barns and small homes, including tenant homes, in rural areas. The tornado passed near "Milo", just south of Brundidge, and a short distance west of Clio, killing cattle and one person before dissipating.[3]
Georgia
F?Albany areaDougherty1100unknownOnly tree damage occurred.[4]
cat2}} | F2Lawrenceville areaGwinnett11005|mi|km|}}1 death – A tornado touched down near and paralleled the railroad tracks as it moved into Lawrenceville, killing a person whose home was buried beneath trees. The tornado caused $200,000 in damage—including $75,000 or more at two mills—tearing off roofs from 26 homes, many businesses, and industrial buildings.[3]
cat2}} | F2Warm Springs/Greenville areaMeriwether11156|mi|km|}}1 death – A tornado razed 10 tenant homes.[3]
cat3}} | F3NW of Hartwell to Anderson, South Carolina to Walnut GroveHart, Anderson (SC), Greenville (SC), Laurens (SC), Spartanburg (SC)121565|mi|km|}}9 deaths – A destructive tornado family known as the "Anderson Tornado" first touched down across the Georgia–South Carolina border near Hartwell, affecting property in rural areas.[3][5] The tornado crossed into South Carolina, but did not produce significant damage at first. Once it reached a point about {{convert>2|mi|km|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} southwest of Anderson, however, it strengthened substantially. It struck the "Masters" or "Masters Store" community, leveling a shop and several other, littler structures nearby.[5] Severe damage began just east of McDuffie Street as the tornado continued to intensify. It razed several well-built homes along East River Street, where more than half of the nine deaths occurred.[5] In Anderson alone, the tornado ruined about 100 little homes, two cotton mills, and many businesses, with losses of about $1.5 million.[3] All nine deaths occurred in Anderson, where about 100 people were injured and roughly 600 were left homeless.[5] Outside Anderson, the tornado flattened a grove of trees and severely damaged a home before dissipating. It was called the worst to hit Anderson County since an F3 tornado hit the area on February 19, 1884.[5][6] Afterward, the tornado probably reformed into another or more tornadoes before striking northern Laurens County and Walnut Grove in Spartanburg County.[7] At Walnut Grove, {{convert|13|mi|km|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} south of Spartanburg, the tornado leveled 14 homes and injured 21 people. After striking Walnut Grove, the tornado widened into a downburst, {{convert|1,300|yd|m|sigfig=4|lk=on}} wide, near Glenn Springs. Total losses from the tornado reached $2 million.[5]
cat3}} | F3S of Pine MountainHarris13308|mi|km|}}10 deaths – This devastating tornado killed seven people in rural country and three more near Pine Mountain.[7]
cat3}} | F3S of ReynoldsTaylor, Crawford13305|mi|km|}}A possible family of tornadoes razed a plantation home and numerous tenant buildings, including seven on one plantation, before dissipating in the swamps near the Flint River.[7]
cat2}} | F2Brookton to CorneliaHall, Habersham140015|mi|km|}}A tornado struck roughly 50 homes as it skipped along, injuring roofs, porches, and walls.[7]
cat2}} | F2Fitzgerald areaBen Hill1445unknownA brief tornado ripped off roofs and destroyed or displaced homes from their foundations. About six small homes and two substantial ones received damage.[7]
cat4}} | F4Macon areaBibb14456|mi|km|}}3 deaths – A violent tornado touched down {{convert>3|mi|km|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} southwest of Macon. It leveled and swept away a couple of substantial homes as it passed through the south side of Macon.[7] The majority of the damage occurred at a brickyard, but all deaths were reported in rural areas outside town. The tornado was rated as a "minimal" F4 whose rating is somewhat questionable due to poor construction.[7][8]
cat2}} | F2Ficklin areaWilkes14452|mi|km|}}1 death – A tornado struck a post office that also served as a small store, killing the postmaster inside. The frail structure was built of corrugated metal and disintegrated; the body of the postmaster was carried {{convert>300|yd|m|sigfig=3|abbr=on}}.[7] The tornado also leveled three nearby stores. One large home lost its roof and slipped on its foundation.[7]
cat2}} | F2Sylvania areaScreven1745unknownA tornado leveled rural barns just outside Sylvania.[7]
cat3}} | F3Ellenton areaColquittunknownunknownA tornado razed homes near Ellenton, one of which was completely leveled except for its central hallway. A family had taken shelter there and was uninjured.[7]
South Carolina
cat4}} | F4NE of Aiken to Horrell Hill to N of TimmonsvilleAiken, Lexington, Richland, Sumter, Lee, Darlington1600105|mi|km|}}53 deaths – This catastrophic, extremely violent, long-lived tornado likely consisted of two or more tornadoes.[7] It first touched down roughly {{convert>11|mi|km|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} northeast of Aiken and remained on the ground almost unceasingly until it entered southern Lee County.[9] The tornado passed near Edmund and traversed the Congaree River approximately {{convert|9|mi|km|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} south of Columbia, which reported its most destructive incident, at the time, of large hail on record.[7][9] Near Adams Pond, south of Columbia, the tornado, described as being "blue-black" and "of great proportions", was {{convert|1,400|yd|m|sigfig=4|abbr=on}} wide.[9] The tornado killed eight people in its path across Lexington County, three of whom—a pair of students and a teacher—died in a school at Steedman.[7] Near "Lykesland", southeast of Columbia, the tornado contracted to {{convert|1,000|yd|m|sigfig=3|abbr=on}} in width as it approached Horrell Hill.[9] About {{convert|2|mi|km|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} southwest of Horrell Hill, the tornado may have produced its worst damage as it narrowed to just {{convert|500|yd|m|sigfig=3|abbr=on}} in width. It then veered abruptly to the southeast before turning north, followed by another turn to the east—one of many irregular changes in direction suggesting the formation of a new tornado.[7][9] 12 people died in and near Horrell Hill,[7] including four people in a school "filled with children."[9] In all, the tornado killed 24 people in Richland County.[7] After passing near Horrell Hill, the tornado bent to the northeast before crossing the Wateree River into Sumter County.[9] It then re-intensified, causing 20 more deaths in Sumter County as it leveled rural homes,[7] especially near Gaillard Crossroads.[9] The tornado killed one more person in Lee County,[7] after which its path became intermittent once more.[9] After killing 53 people, injuring 534, and leveling more than 1,300 structures—most of which were insubstantial in size—the tornado finally dissipated {{convert|5|mi|km|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} north of Timmonsville.[7]
cat3}} | F3N of EffinghamSumter, Florence194525|mi|km|}}14 deaths – As the previous tornado dissipated, this new tornado formed from the same thunderstorm. It passed between Lynchburg and Sardis, greatly intensifying as it passed into Florence County; thence, it "cut a devastating swath" through the county before dissipating near Pamplico, at the eastern periphery of the county.[7][9]
North Carolina
cat3}} | F3N of PittsboroChatham17302|mi|km|}}4 deaths – A tornado swept away a little home, killing a family of four people as they searched for shelter. Nearby homes were reportedly "leveled" as well.[7]
cat3}} | F3SW of RobersonvillePitt, Martin, Bertie193018|mi|km|}}1 death – A tornado razed 60 structures, some of which were large homes, and killed one person before ending near the Roanoke River.[7]
Virginia
F?Pleasant Shade areaGreensville2230unknownA very brief tornado ruined only one structure.[10]
cat3}} | F3SE of Jetersville to S of ChulaAmelia223010|mi|km|}}1 death – A tornado leveled seven homes and at least one barn.[4][7]
Sources:

See also

  • List of North American tornadoes and tornado outbreaks

References

1. ^1 2 {{harvnb|Grazulis|1993|pp=787–8}}
2. ^1 {{cite web|author1=South Carolina Department of Natural Resources|title=South Carolina Tornado Climatology|url=http://www.dnr.sc.gov/climate/sco/ClimateData/cli_table_tornado_stats.php|website=dnr.sc.gov|publisher=South Carolina State Climatology Office|accessdate=8 February 2015|location=Columbia, South Carolina}}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 {{harvnb|Grazulis|1993|p=787}}
4. ^1 {{harvnb|Henry|1924|p=233}}
5. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{harvnb|United States Weather Bureau|Sullivan|1924|p=21}}
6. ^{{harvnb|Grazulis|1993|p=626}}
7. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 {{harvnb|Grazulis|1993|p=788}}
8. ^{{harvnb|Grazulis|1993|p=540}}
9. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{harvnb|United States Weather Bureau|Sullivan|1924|p=22}}
10. ^{{harvnb|Hunter|1924|p=207}}

Bibliography

  • {{citation|last=Grazulis|first=Thomas|year=1993|title=Significant Tornadoes 1680–1991: A Chronology and Analysis of Events|publisher=Environmental Films|location=St. Johnsbury, Vermont|isbn=1-879362-03-1}}
  • {{citation|editor-last=Henry|editor-first=Alfred J.|year=1924|title=Severe Local Hail and Wind Storms|url=http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/mwr/052/mwr-052-04-0232.pdf|journal=Monthly Weather Review|volume=52|issue=4|publisher=United States Weather Bureau|page=233|doi=10.1175/1520-0493(1924)52<232:SLHAWS>2.0.CO;2|bibcode = 1924MWRv...52..232. }}
  • {{citation|last1=Hunter|first1=Herbert C.|editor-last=Henry|editor-first=Alfred J.|year=1924|title=Tornadoes from Arkansas to Virginia, April 29–30, 1924|url=http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/mwr/052/mwr-052-04-0206b.pdf|journal=Monthly Weather Review|volume=52|issue=4|publisher=U.S. Weather Bureau|page=207|doi=10.1175/1520-0493(1924)52<206b:TFATVA>2.0.CO;2|bibcode = 1924MWRv...52..206H }}
  • {{citation|author=United States Weather Bureau|last2=Sullivan|first2=Richard H.|year=1924|title=Record Breaking Tornadoes in South Carolina on April 30, 1924|journal=Climatological Data|volume=27|issue=5|publisher=United States Department of Agriculture|publication-place=Washington, D.C.|place=Columbia, South Carolina|pages=21–2}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1924-04-29 April 1924 tornado outbreak}}

12 : F4 tornadoes by date|Tornadoes of 1924|Tornadoes in Alabama|Tornadoes in Arkansas|Tornadoes in Georgia (U.S. state)|Tornadoes in Louisiana|Tornadoes in North Carolina|Tornadoes in Oklahoma|Tornadoes in South Carolina|Tornadoes in Virginia|1924 in the United States|April 1924 events
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