| 词条 | Avram Bunaciu |
| 释义 |
|name = Avram Bunaciu |image = Avram Bunaciu.jpg |order = |title = Minister of Justice of Romania |term_start = March 25, 1948 |term_end = September 23, 1949 |office2 = Minister of Foreign Affairs of Romania |term_start2 = January 23, 1958 |term_end2 = March 20, 1961 |predecessor2 = Ion Gheorghe Maurer |successor2 = Corneliu Mănescu |primeminister2= Chivu Stoica |office3 = acting President of the State Council |president3 = |term_start3 = March 19, 1965 |term_end3 = March 24, 1965 |birth_date = {{birth date|1909|11|11}} (born Abraham Gutman) |birth_place = Gurba, Transylvania, Austria-Hungary |death_date = {{death-date and age|28 April 1983|11 November 1909}} |death_place = Bucharest, Socialist Republic of Romania |spouse = |religion = |branch = |serviceyears = |rank = |battles = }} Avram Bunaciu ({{IPA-ro|aˈvram buˈnat͡ʃju}}; November 11, 1909 – April 28, 1983) was a Romanian communist politician who served as the Minister of Justice, Minister of Foreign Affairs and was the acting President of the State Council of Romania. Early lifeBunaciu was born in Transylvania to a Jewish family. He was a communist intellectual during World War II and had several high ranking positions after the war, mostly within the Ministry of Justice.[1] Bunaciu was a lawyer by profession and close ally to Ion Gheorghe Maurer with whom he defended communists at pre-war trials and was also close to Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej who eventually became the President of Romania.[2] After the war, Bunaciu was the Chief Public Prosecutor at Cluj tribunal which was set up on June 22, 1945 to prosecute war criminals. There were two tribunals in the post-war Romania (one in Bucharest and one in Cluj) which were charged with trials of individuals involved in war crimes. Bunaciu was involved in prosecuting mainly crimes committed by Hungarian authorities and their collaborators in Northern Transylvania while the Bucharest tribunal mostly dealt with crimes perpetrated by Romanians under Marshal Antonescu.[3] Political careerBunaciu served as the Minister of Justice of Romania from March 25, 1948 until September 23, 1949.[4] In 1952, Bunaciu was appointed Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs when Ana Pauker was the minister.[2] At the time he also was the Chairman of the National Assembly for the Application of Constitution.[1] When Pauker was sacked by the communist leadership aided by Joseph Stalin, Bunaciu left the foreign service and became the rector of the Bucharest University in 1954.[2] On January 23, 1958 he was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs.[5] On March 20, 1961, when he left the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, he was elected the Vice President of the State Council.[2] From March 19 to March 24, 1965, before Nicolae Ceaușescu came to power, he was the acting President of State Council.[6][7] See also
References1. ^1 {{cite book |title=Will to Freedom: A Perilous Journey Through Fascism and Communism |last1=Balas |first1=Egon |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2000 |publisher= Syracure University |location= United States |isbn= 0-8156-0603-6 |page= 430 |pages= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sV03bFwxm7wC&pg=PA431&lpg=PA431&dq=Avram+Bunaciu&source=bl&ots=SRGEo5OL2t&sig=OB_UROFDJq4J3_rC-3vSgAHiz4g&hl=en&ei=6ExtTIfkFMO78gaG_rX2Cw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAzgK#v=onepage&q=Avram%20Bunaciu&f=false |accessdate= 2010-08-17}} {{Heads of State of Romania}}{{RomanianForeignMinisters}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Bunaciu, Avram}}2. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|url=http://www.osaarchivum.org/files/holdings/300/8/3/text/50-4-49.shtml |title=SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN RUMANIAN GOVERNMENT RESHUFFLE |publisher=RL/RFE |date=1965-08-28 |accessdate=2010-08-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120226110619/http://www.osaarchivum.org/files/holdings/300/8/3/text/50-4-49.shtml |archivedate=2012-02-26 |df= }} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www1.yadvashem.org/about_yad/what_new/data_whats_new/pdf/english/1.12_Trials_of_War_Criminals.pdf |title=TRIALS OF THE WAR CRIMINALS |accessdate=2010-08-19}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://rulers.org/romgov.html|title=Rulers. Ministers of Justice |accessdate=2010-08-19| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100827150022/http://rulers.org/romgov.html| archivedate= 27 August 2010 | deadurl= no}} 5. ^{{cite book |title=Memoirs of Nikita Khrushchev: Statesman, 1953-1964|last1=Khrushchev |first1=Nikita Sergeevich |last2=Khrushchev |first2=Sergeĭ |last3=Shriver |first3=George |last4=Shenfield |first4=Stephen |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2007 |publisher= Pennsylvania State University |location= United States |isbn= 978-0-271-02935-1 |page= 292 |pages= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nR0f25dmbn0C&pg=PT302&lpg=PT302&dq=Avram+Bunaciu&source=bl&ots=zOvPv2NznT&sig=rjHn1ej-NTrWaZHzgQyV8aijJCQ&hl=en&ei=5E1tTL_cHcP38AbsjunwCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CDAQ6AEwCDge#v=onepage&q=Avram%20Bunaciu&f=false |accessdate= 2010-08-17}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wolframalpha.com/entities/government_positions/president_of_the_state_council/lh/90/wn/ |archive-url=https://archive.is/20120918094119/http://www.wolframalpha.com/entities/government_positions/president_of_the_state_council/lh/90/wn/ |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2012-09-18 |title=President of the State Council |accessdate=2010-08-19 }} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Romania.htm |title=Romania statesmen |accessdate=2010-08-19| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100804231915/http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Romania.htm| archivedate= 4 August 2010 | deadurl= no}} 9 : Romanian Ministers of Foreign Affairs|Romanian Ministers of Justice|1909 births|1983 deaths|State Council of Romania|Romanian Communist Party politicians|People from Arad County|University of Bucharest faculty|Rectors of the University of Bucharest |
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