| 词条 | Human experimentation in North Korea |
| 释义 |
Human experimentation in North Korea is an issue raised by some North Korean defectors and former prisoners. They have described suffocation of prisoners in gas chambers, testing deadly chemical weapons, and surgery without anesthesia.[1] None of the allegations have been proven or backed up by any evidence, but they have been widely discussed and mediated by many notable media nonetheless. SourcesHuman experimentation was described by several North Korean defectors, including former prisoner Lee Soon-ok, former prison guards Kwon Hyok and Ahn Myung Chul, and others.[2] This testimony was corroborated by documents brought from Camp 22 in North Korea. Testing of deadly poisonsLee described an experiment in which 50 healthy women prisoners were selected and given poisoned cabbage leaves. All of the women were required to eat the cabbage, despite cries of distress from those who had already eaten. All 50 died after 20 minutes of vomiting blood and anal bleeding. Refusing to eat the cabbage would allegedly have meant reprisals against them and their families. Kwon Hyok, a former head of security at Camp 22, described laboratories equipped with gas chambers for suffocation gas experiments, in which three or four people, normally a family, are the experimental subjects.[8][9] After undergoing medical checks, the chambers are sealed and poison is injected through a tube, while scientists observe from above through glass. In a report reminiscent of an earlier account of a family of seven, Kwon claims to have watched one family of two parents, a son and a daughter die from suffocating gas, with the parents trying to save the children using mouth-to-mouth resuscitation for as long as they had the strength.[4] Kwon's testimony was supported by documents from Camp 22 describing the transfer of prisoners designated for the experiments. The documents were identified as genuine by Kim Sang Hun, a London-based expert on Korea and human rights activist.[4] A press conference in Pyongyang, organized by North Korean authorities, denounced this.[10][11] Other experimentsFormer prison guard Ahn Myung Chul has reported that prisoners were used for "medical operation practice" by young doctors who practice surgery on prisoners without anesthesia.[12] He also described deliberate efforts to study physical resistance by starving prisoners to death. According to him, "The people who carry out these executions and these experiments all drink before they do it. But they are real experts now; sometimes they hit prisoners with a hammer, on the back of the head. The poor prisoners then lose their memory, and they use them as zombies for target practice. When the Third Bureau is running out of subjects, a black van known as "the crow" turns up and picks out a few more prisoners, sowing panic among the rest. The crow comes about once a month and takes forty or fifty people off to an unknown destination."[13] A North Korean scientist who was involved in the country's biological and chemical weapons programmes defected to Finland in 2015. According to him, the weapons were tested on human subjects.[14] See also{{Portal|Human rights|North Korea}}
References1. ^[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/feb/01/northkorea Revealed: the gas chamber horror of North Korea's gulag]The Guardian 2. ^U.S. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea - The Hidden Gulag: Exposing North Korea’s Prison Camps (includes satellite photos of the known camps) 3. ^{{cite web |url = http://judiciary.senate.gov/hearings/testimony.cfm?id=292&wit_id=665 |title = Testimony of Ms. Soon Ok Lee |date = June 21, 2002 |accessdate = 2009-12-15 |publisher = United States Senate}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web |url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/this_world/3440771.stm |title = Within prison walls |accessdate = 2009-12-15 |author = Olenka Frenkiel |date = January 30, 2004 |publisher = BBC News}} 5. ^Human guinea pigs BBC News 6. ^[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A10791-2004Feb3.html Auschwitz Under Our Noses], by Anne Applebaum, February 4, 2004, The Washington Post 7. ^"Death, terror in N. Korea gulag NBC News investigation uncovers horrific, extensive atrocities." by MSNBC 8. ^[https://www.theguardian.com/korea/article/0,2763,1136483,00.html Revealed: the gas chamber horror of North Korea's gulag] by Antony Barnett, February 1, 2004 Guardian Unlimited 9. ^Video testimonials by former guards and prisoners at Camp 22, where the experiments are said to have occurred, with Google Earth images Camp 22 and other camps 10. ^DPRK civilians admit faking papers on chemical weapons testing on humans at a press conference in Pyongyang, publication of People's Daily, an official organ of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China 11. ^Truth behind False Report about "Experiment of Chem. Weapons on Human Bodies" in DPRK Disclosed (North Korean Central News Agency) 12. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk02600&num=506 |title = Prisoners Used for Medical Operation Practice |accessdate = 2009-12-15 |author = Ahn Myung Chul |date = January 18, 2006 |publisher = DailyNK}} 13. ^Nicolas Werth, Karel Bartošek, Jean-Louis Panné, Jean-Louis Margolin, Andrzej Paczkowski, Stéphane Courtois, The Black Book of Communism: Crimes, Terror, Repression, Harvard University Press, 1999, hardcover, 858 pages, {{ISBN|0-674-07608-7}}, page 557 14. ^[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/northkorea/11715990/North-Korean-defects-with-data-on-chemical-warfare-tests-on-humans.html] The Telegraph External links
4 : Human rights in North Korea|Medical experimentation on prisoners|Torture in North Korea|Human subject research by country |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。