| 词条 | J. Heinrich Matthaei |
| 释义 |
| name = J. Heinrich Matthaei | image = Nierenberg matthaei.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = J. Heinrich Matthaei (left) and Marshall Nirenberg | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1929|05|04|df=yes}} | birth_place = Bonn, Germany | death_date = | death_place = | residence = Germany | citizenship = Germany | nationality = German | fields = biological chemistry | workplaces = {{unbulleted list |Max-Planck-Institut für experimentelle Medizin | National Institutes of Health }} | alma_mater = Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn | thesis_title = | thesis_url = | thesis_year = | doctoral_advisor = | academic_advisors = | doctoral_students = | notable_students = | known_for = contribution to solving the genetic code | influences = | influenced = | awards = | footnotes = | spouse = }} J. Heinrich Matthaei (born 4 May 1929) is a German biochemist. He is best known for his unique contribution to solving the genetic code on 15 May 1961. Whilst a post-doctoral visitor in the laboratory of Marshall Warren Nirenberg at the NIH in Bethesda, Maryland, he discovered that a synthetic RNA polynucleotide, composed of a repeating uridylic acid residue, coded for a polypeptide chain encoding just one kind of amino acid, phenylalanine. In scientific terms, he discovered that polyU codes for polyphenylalanine and hence the coding unit for this amino acid is composed of a series of Us or, as we now know the genetic code is read in triplets, the codon for phenylalanine is UUU. This single experiment opened the way to the solution of the genetic code. It was for this and later work on the genetic code for which Nirenberg shared the Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology. In addition, Matthaei and his co-wokers in the following years published a multitude of results concerning the early understanding of the form and function of the genetic code. Why Matthaei, who personally deciphered the genetic code, was excluded from this scientific prize is one of the Nobel Prize controversies. Later, Matthaei was a member of the Max Planck Society in Göttingen. References
See also
3 : German biochemists|1929 births|Living people |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。