| 词条 | Helga M. Novak |
| 释义 |
| name = Maria Karlsdottir | image = | imagesize = | caption = | pseudonym = Helga M. Novak | birth_date = {{birth date|1935|9|8|df=y}} | birth_place = Berlin | death_date = {{Death date and age|2013|12|24|1935|9|8|df=y}} | death_place = Rüdersdorf | occupation = | nationality = German, Icelandic | period = | genre = | subject = | movement = | debut_works = | influences = | influenced = | signature = | website = | footnotes = }} Helga M. Novak (pseudonym for Maria Karlsdottir; 8 September 1935 – 24 December 2013 in Rüdersdorf) was a German-Icelandic writer. Novak was born in Berlin. She grew up in East Germany, studied journalism and philosophy at the University of Leipzig. She moved to Iceland in 1961, where she married and had two children before her divorce. She traveled to Spain, France, and the U.S., before returning to East Germany. When her citizenship was revoked for writing and publishing critical texts, she moved between Iceland, Germany and Bulgaria. She was an informer ("inoffizieller Mitarbeiter") for the East German Stasi.[1] Novak died in 2013 in Berlin.[2] Awards
Works
References1. ^Bundesstiftung Aufarbeitung 2. ^{{Cite book|title=Kaleidoskop: Kultur, Literature, Und Grammatik|last=|first=|publisher=|year=2015|isbn=9781305886001|location=Canada|pages=18}} External links
10 : 1935 births|2013 deaths|Writers from Berlin|People from the Province of Brandenburg|German expatriates in Poland|Icelandic people of German descent|People of the Stasi|German women writers|German-language poets|International Writing Program alumni |
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