词条 | John 20 |
释义 |
John 16:14-22 on the recto side of Papyrus 5, written about AD 250. }}John 20 is the twentieth chapter of the Gospel of John in the Bible. It relates the story of Jesus' resurrection. It relates how Mary Magdalene went to the tomb of Jesus and found it empty. Jesus appears to her and speaks of his resurrection and dispatches Mary to tell the news to the disciples. Jesus then appears to his disciples. The chapter is seemingly the conclusion to the Gospel of John, but it is followed by the somewhat tangential John 21. Most biblical scholars believe John 20 was the original conclusion of the Gospel, and John 21 was a later addition.[1] The events related in John 20 are described somewhat differently in Matthew 28, Mark 16, and Luke 24. AnalysisThe chapter is divided into three distinct sections. Verses 1-18 describe events at Jesus' empty tomb when it is found empty and the appearance of the risen Jesus to Mary Magdalene (see Noli me tangere). The second section describes Jesus' appearances to his disciples, while the last two verses relate why the author wrote this gospel. The first section can also be subdivided between the examination of the tomb by Peter and the Beloved Disciple and Christ's appearance to Mary. There are several inconsistencies both within the chapter and between it and the resurrection account in the other gospels. Brown has advanced the thesis that the work is a melding of two different sources. One source originally contained verses 1 and 11 to 18 and described Mary Magdalene's trip the tomb. This information is unique to John. Another had verses 3 to 10 and 19 to the end and dealt with the disciples. This portion is far more similar to the synoptics. To those who doubt that the Beloved Disciple was the author of John this portion is merely the synoptics rewritten to make it seem like it was an eyewitness account. The portion on Mary Magdalene, by contrast, had to have been based on sources that only John had access to. Dodd states that the crucifixion is the climax of John's narrative and argues that this chapter is written as the dénouement and conclusion. Some scholars argue that John 21 seems out of place and that John 20 was the original final chapter of the work.[2] See John 21 for a more extensive discussion. Verses{{columns-list|colwidth=12em|
}} TextIn the King James Version this chapter reads: {{small|1}} The first day of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early, when itwas yet dark, unto the sepulchre, and seeth the stone taken away from the sepulchre. disciple, whom Jesus loved, and saith unto them, They have taken away the LORD out of the sepulchre, and we know not where they have laid him. {{small|4}} So they ran both together: and the other disciple did outrun Peter, and came first to the sepulchre. lying; yet went he not in. sepulchre, and seeth the linen clothes lie, linen clothes, but wrapped together in a place by itself. sepulchre, and he saw, and believed. again from the dead. {{small|11}} But Mary stood without at the sepulchre weeping: and as she wept, she stooped down, and looked into the sepulchre, and the other at the feet, where the body of Jesus had lain. {{small|14}} And when she had thus said, she turned herself back, and saw Jesus standing, and knew not that it was Jesus. {{small|16}} Jesus saith unto her, Mary. She turned herself, and saith unto him, Rabboni; which is to say, Master. {{small|17}} Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not; for I am not yet ascended to my Father: but go to my brethren, and say unto them, I ascend unto my Father, and your Father; and to my God, and your God. {{small|18}} Mary Magdalene came and told the disciples that she had seen the LORD, and that he had spoken these things unto her. {{small|20}} And when he had so said, he shewed unto them his hands and his side. Then were the disciples glad, when they saw the LORD. {{small|21}} Then said Jesus to them again, Peace be unto you: as my Father hath sent me, even so send I you. {{small|22}} And when he had said this, he breathed on them, and saith unto them, Receive ye the Holy Ghost: {{small|23}} Whose soever sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them; and whose soever sins ye retain, they are retained. them when Jesus came. believe. Thomas with them: then came Jesus, the doors being shut, and stood in the midst, and said, Peace be unto you. my hands; and reach hither thy hand, and thrust it into my side: and be not faithless, but believing. {{small|29}} Jesus saith unto him, Thomas, because thou hast seen me, thou hast believed: blessed are they that have not seen, and yet have believed. {{small|30}} And many other signs truly did Jesus in the presence of his disciples, which are not written in this book: {{small|31}} But these are written, that ye might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God; and that believing ye might have life through his name. References{{Commons category|Gospel of John - Chapter 20}}1. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kg-dJA3SnTA |title=Debate "Is the Original New Testament Lost?" (from around 23:40) |last1=Ehrman |first1=Bart |date= 13 February 2012 |work= |publisher=The Ehrman Project |accessdate=15 January 2013}} 2. ^Paul Minear, writing in 1983, wrote "The jury of modern NT scholars has agreed with unparalleled unanimity on one issue in Johannine research: chapter 21 is not an integral part of the original gospel but was composed separately and probably by a redactor." Journal of Biblical Literature 102, 85-98. Further reading
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