| 词条 | John I, Duke of Brabant |
| 释义 |
| name = John I | image = Jan I van Brabant.jpg | caption = | succession = Duke of Brabant and Lothier | reign = 1267–1294 | predecessor = Henry | successor = John II | succession1 = Duke of Limburg | reign1 = 1288–1294 | predecessor1= Reginald I of Guelders | successor1 = John II | spouse = Margaret of France Margaret of Flanders | issue = John II, Duke of Brabant Margaret, Holy Roman Empress Marie, Countess of Savoy | house = House of Reginar | father = Henry III, Duke of Brabant | mother = Adelaide of Burgundy | birth_date = | birth_place = 1252 | death_date = 3 May 1294 (aged 41 or 42) | death_place = | religion = Roman Catholic }} John I of Brabant, also called John the Victorious (1252/1253{{snd}}3 May 1294) was Duke of Brabant (1267–1294), Lothier and Limburg (1288–1294). During the 19th century, John I was venerated as a folk hero{{citation needed|date=April 2018}}. LifeBorn in Leuven, he was the son of Henry III, Duke of Brabant and Aleidis of Burgundy, daughter of Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy. He was also an older brother of Maria of Brabant, Queen consort of Philip III of France. In 1267 his older brother Henry IV, Duke of Brabant, being mentally deficient, was deposed in his favour.[1] His greatest military victory was the Battle of Worringen 1288, by which John I came to reign over the Duchy of Limburg. He was completely outnumbered in forces but led the successful invasion into the Rhineland to defeat the confederacy. In 1288 Limburg was formally attached to Brabant.[1] John I was said to be a model of feudal prince: brave, adventurous; excelling in every form of active exercise, fond of display, and generous in temper. He was considered one of the most gifted princes of his time.[1] This made him very popular in Middle Ages poetry and literature. Even today there exists an ode to him, so well known that it was a potential candidate to be the North Brabant anthem. John I delighted in tournaments and was always eager to take part in jousts.[1] He was also famous for his many illegitimate children. On 3 May 1294 at some marriage festivities at Bar-le-Duc, John I was mortally wounded in the arm in an encounter by Pierre de Bausner.[1] He was buried in the church of the Minderbroeders in Brussels, but since the Protestant iconoclasm (Beeldenstorm) in 1566, nothing remains of his tomb. Family and childrenHe was married twice. On 5 September 1270, he wed Margaret of France, daughter of Louis IX of France and Margaret of Provence.[2] She took the title of Duchess of Brabant. He had a son, but both wife and child died shortly after the boy's birth. In 1273, he married Margaret of Flanders (d. 3 July 1285), daughter of Guy, Count of Flanders[3] and had the following children:[1]
John I had several illegitimate children:
LegacyThe duke is remembered in the folkish song Harbalorifa [5][6] that remains popular. The popular Dutch beer Hertog Jan was named after the duke. Also the beer Primus of the Haacht Brewery is named after John I (Jan Primus) Ancestry{{unreferenced section|date=September 2015}}{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. John I, Duke of Brabant |2= 2. Henry III, Duke of Brabant |3= 3. Adelaide of Burgundy |4= 4. Henry II, Duke of Brabant |5= 5. Marie of Swabia |6= 6. Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy |7= 7. Yolande of Dreux |8= 8. Henry I, Duke of Brabant |9= 9. Matilda of Flanders |10= 10. Philip of Swabia |11= 11. Irene Angelina |12= 12. Odo III, Duke of Burgundy |13= 13. Alice of Vergy |14= 14. Robert III, Count of Dreux |15= 15. Aenor of Saint-Valéry |16= 16. Godfrey III, Count of Leuven |17= 17. Margaret of Limburg |18= 18. Matthew, Count of Boulogne |19= 19. Marie I, Countess of Boulogne |20= 20. Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor |21= 21. Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy |22= 22. Isaac II Angelos |23= 23. Unknown Palaiologina?, afterwards Irene |24= 24. Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy |25= 25. Alice of Lorraine |26= 26. Hugues, Seigneur de Vergy |27= 27. Gillette de Trainel |28= 28. Robert II, Count of Dreux |29= 29. Yolanda of Coucy |30= 30. Thomas de Saint-Valéry |31= 31. Adela de Ponthieu, Dame de Saint-Aubin }} See also{{commons category}}
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=John I. of Brabant and Lorraine|volume=15|page=445}} {{S-start}}{{S-reg}}{{S-bef| before = Henry IV }}{{S-ttl| title = Duke of Brabant and Lothier| years = 1267–1294 }}{{S-aft| rows = 2 | after = John II }}{{S-bef| before = Reginald}}{{S-ttl| title = Duke of Limburg| years = 1288–1294 }}{{S-end}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2010}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:John I, Duke of Brabant}}2. ^Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study In Colonial And Medieval Families, 2nd edition, ed. Kimball G. Everingham, (Genealogical Publishing Company, 2004), 121. 3. ^J.F. Verbruggen, The Battle of the Golden Spurs (Courtrai, 11 July 1302), ed. Kelly DeVries, transl. David Richard Ferguson, (Boydell Press, 2002), 8. 4. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=KS5JAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA194&dq=Dongelberg,+Seigneur+de+Wavre&lr=&as_brr=3#v=onepage&q=Dongelberg%2C%20Seigneur%20de%20Wavre&f=false "Messager des sciences historiques..."], p. 194, Retrieved 6 October 2009. 5. ^Het lied van Hertog Jan www.codeximperium.be 6. ^Harrie Beex www.bossche-encyclopedie.nl 4 : 1250s births|1294 deaths|Dukes of Brabant|House of Leuven |
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