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词条 List of superconductors
释义

  1. List

  2. Other types

  3. See also

  4. Notes

  5. References

  6. External links

{{incomplete list|date=May 2018}}

The table below shows some of the parameters of common superconductors. X:Y means material X doped with element Y, TC is the highest reported transition temperature in kelvins and HC is a critical magnetic field in tesla. "BCS" means whether or not the superconductivity is explained within the BCS theory.

List

Substance ClassTC (K)HC (T) Type BCS References
AlElement1.200.01Iyes[1][2][3]
BiElement−4}}−6}}Inogroup=note|According to [4], superconductivity in Bi is not compatible with conventional BCS theory because the Fermi energy of Bi is comparable to the phonon energy (Debye frequency).}} [2]
CdElement0.520.0028Iyes[2][3]
Diamond:BElement11.44IIyes[4][5][6]
GaElement1.0830.0058Iyes[2][3][7]
HfElement0.165Iyes[2]
α-HgElement4.150.04Iyes[2][3]
β-HgElement3.950.04Iyes[2][3]
InElement3.40.03Iyes[2][3]
IrElement0.140.0016Iyes[2][7]
α-LaElement4.9Iyes[8]
β-LaElement6.3Iyes[8]
LiElement−4}}I[9]
MoElement0.920.0096Iyes[8][7]
NbElement9.260.82IIyes[8][3]
OsElement0.650.007Iyes[8]
PaElement1.4Iyes[31]
PbElement7.190.08Iyes[8][3]
ReElement2.40.03Iyes[8][3][10]
RhElement−4}}−3}}I[11]
RuElement0.490.005Iyes[8][3]
Si:BElement0.40.4IIyes[12]
SnElement3.720.03Iyes[8][3]
TaElement4.480.09Iyes[8][3]
TcElement7.46–11.20.04IIyes[8][3]
α-ThElement1.370.013Iyes[8][3]
TiElement0.390.01Iyes[8][3]
TlElement2.390.02Iyes[8][3]
α-UElement0.68Iyes[8][31]
β-UElement1.8Iyes[31]
VElement5.031IIyes[8][3]
α-WElement0.0150.00012Iyes[7][13][14]
β-WElement1–4[14]
ZnElement0.8550.005Iyes[8][3]
ZrElement0.550.014Iyes[8][3]
Ba8Si46Compound8.070.008IIyes[15]
C6CaCompound11.50.95II[16]
C6Li3Ca2Compound11.15II[16]
C8KCompound0.14II[16]
C8KHgCompound1.4II[16]
C6KCompound1.5II[17]
C3KCompound3.0II[17]
C3LiCompound<0.35II[17]
C2LiCompound1.9II[17]
C3NaCompound2.3–3.8II[17]
C2NaCompound5.0II[17]
C8RbCompound0.025II[16]
C6SrCompound1.65II[16]
C6YbCompound6.5II[16]
C60Cs2RbCompound33IIyes[18]
C60K3Compound19.80.013IIyes[15][19]
C60RbXCompound28IIyes[20]
FeB4Compound2.9II[21]
InNCompound3IIyes[22]
In2O3Compound3.3~3IIyes[23]
LaB6Compound0.45yes[24]
MgB2Compound3974IIyes[25]
Nb3AlCompound18IIyes[8]
Nb3GeCompound23.237IIyes[26]
NbOCompound1.38IIyes[27]
NbNCompound16IIyes[8]
Nb3SnCompound18.330IIyes[28]
NbTiCompound1015IIyes[8]
SiC:BCompound1.40.008Iyes[29]
SiC:AlCompound1.50.04IIyes[29]
TiNCompound5.6Iyes[30][31]
YB6Compound8.4IIyes[32][33][101]
ZrNCompound10yes[34]
ZrB12Compound6.0IIyes[35]
YBCOCuprate95120–250IIno
BSCCOCuprate 33–104
Hg2|Ca|2|Cu|3|O|x})Cuprate up to 135 K
SmFeAs(O,F)Iron-based 55
CeFeAs(O,F)Iron-based 41
LaFeAs(O,F))Iron-based 26
LaFePOIron-based 4
FeSeIron-based 65
(Ba,K)Fe2As2Iron-based 38
NaFeAsIron-based 20

Other types

  • Fulleride superconductor {{Chemical formula|Cs|3|C|60}} at 38K
  • Hydrogen sulfide {{Chemical formula|H2S}} At pressures above 90 GPa; 23 K at 100 GPa to 150 K at 200 GPa

See also

{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
  • Conventional superconductor
  • Covalent superconductors
  • High-temperature superconductivity
  • Room temperature superconductor
  • Superconductivity
  • Superconductor classification
  • Technological applications of superconductivity
  • Timeline of low-temperature technology
  • Type-I superconductor
  • Type-II superconductor
  • Unconventional superconductor
{{div col end}}

Notes

1. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1103/PhysRev.111.132| title = Superconducting Transition in Aluminum| journal = Physical Review| volume = 111| pages = 132| year = 1958| last1 = Cochran | first1 = J. F. | last2 = Mapother | first2 = D. E.| bibcode = 1958PhRv..111..132C}}
2. ^1 {{Cite journal | doi = 10.1126/science.aaf8227| title = Evidence for bulk superconductivity in pure bismuth single crystals at ambient pressure| journal = Science| volume = 355| pages = 52| year = 2017| last1 = Prakash | first1 = O. |display-authors=etal}}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 {{Cite journal | doi = 10.1103/RevModPhys.26.277| title = Superconducting Elements| journal = Reviews of Modern Physics| volume = 26| issue = 3| pages = 277| year = 1954| last1 = Eisenstein | first1 = J. | bibcode = 1954RvMP...26..277E}}
4. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Ekimov | first1 = E. A. | last2 = Sidorov | first2 = V. A. | last3 = Bauer | first3 = E. D. | last4 = Mel'Nik | first4 = N. N. | last5 = Curro | first5 = N. J. | last6 = Thompson | first6 = J. D. | last7 = Stishov | first7 = S. M. | doi = 10.1038/nature02449 | title = Superconductivity in diamond | journal = Nature | volume = 428 | issue = 6982 | pages = 542–545 | year = 2004 | pmid = 15057827| pmc = | arxiv = cond-mat/0404156 | bibcode = 2004Natur.428..542E }}
5. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1088/1468-6996/9/4/044210| pmid = 27878027| title = Structure and superconductivity of isotope-enriched boron-doped diamond|pmc=5099641| journal = Science and Technology of Advanced Materials| volume = 9| issue = 4| pages = 044210| year = 2008| last1 = Ekimov | first1 = E. A. | last2 = Sidorov | first2 = V. A. | last3 = Zoteev | first3 = A. V. | last4 = Lebed | first4 = Y. B. | last5 = Thompson | first5 = J. D. | last6 = Stishov | first6 = S. M. | bibcode = 2008STAdM...9d4210E}} {{Open access}}
6. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/j.diamond.2007.01.027| title = Superconducting properties of homoepitaxial CVD diamond| journal = Diamond and Related Materials| volume = 16| issue = 4–7| pages = 911| year = 2007| last1 = Takano | first1 = Y.| last2 = Takenouchi | first2 = T.| last3 = Ishii | first3 = S.| last4 = Ueda | first4 = S.| last5 = Okutsu | first5 = T.| last6 = Sakaguchi | first6 = I.| last7 = Umezawa | first7 = H.| last8 = Kawarada | first8 = H.| last9 = Tachiki | first9 = M.| bibcode = 2007DRM....16..911T}}
7. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ULXZwEJeElYC&pg=PA283|page=283|title=Atomic and electronic structure of solids|author=Kaxiras, Efthimios |publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2003|isbn=0-521-52339-7}}
8. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 {{Cite journal | doi = 10.1103/RevModPhys.35.1| title = Superconductivity| journal = Reviews of Modern Physics| volume = 35| pages = 1| year = 1963| last1 = Matthias | first1 = B. T.| last2 = Geballe | first2 = T. H.| last3 = Compton | first3 = V. B.| bibcode = 1963RvMP...35....1M}}
9. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1038/nature05820| title = Superconductivity in lithium below 0.4 millikelvin at ambient pressure| journal = Nature| volume = 447| pages = 187| year = 2007| last1 = Tuoriniemi | first1 = J. |display-authors=etal}}
10. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1103/PhysRev.88.309| title = Superconductivity of Rhenium| journal = Physical Review| volume = 88| issue = 2| pages = 309| year = 1952| last1 = Daunt | first1 = J. G.| last2 = Smith | first2 = T. S.| bibcode = 1952PhRv...88..309D}}
11. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.50.64| title = Superconductivity of Rhodium at Ultralow Temperatures| journal = Phys. Rev. Lett.| volume = 50| pages = 64| year = 1983| last1 = Buchal | first1 = Ch. |display-authors=etal}}
12. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1038/nature05340| pmid = 17122852| title = Superconductivity in doped cubic silicon| journal = Nature| volume = 444| issue = 7118| pages = 465| year = 2006| last1 = Bustarret | first1 = E.| last2 = Marcenat | first2 = C.| last3 = Achatz | first3 = P.| last4 = Kačmarčik | first4 = J.| last5 = Lévy | first5 = F.| last6 = Huxley | first6 = A.| last7 = Ortéga | first7 = L.| last8 = Bourgeois | first8 = E.| last9 = Blase | first9 = X.| last10 = Débarre | first10 = D.| last11 = Boulmer | first11 = J.| bibcode = 2006Natur.444..465B}}
13. ^1 2 3 {{Cite journal | doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.15.860| title = Superconductivity of Protactinium| journal = Physical Review Letters| volume = 15| issue = 22| pages = 860| year = 1965| last1 = Fowler | first1 = R. D.| last2 = Matthias | first2 = B. T.| last3 = Asprey | first3 = L. B.| last4 = Hill | first4 = H. H.| last5 = Lindsay | first5 = J. D. G.| last6 = Olsen | first6 = C. E.| last7 = White | first7 = R. W.| bibcode = 1965PhRvL..15..860F}}
14. ^1 {{Cite journal | doi = 10.1109/TASC.2005.849033| title = Tuning of Tungsten Thin Film Superconducting Transition Temperature for Fabrication of Photon Number Resolving Detectors| journal = IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity| volume = 15| issue = 2| pages = 3528| year = 2005| last1 = Lita | first1 = A. E. | last2 = Rosenberg | first2 = D.| last3 = Nam | first3 = S.| last4 = Miller | first4 = A. J. | last5 = Balzar | first5 = D.| last6 = Kaatz | first6 = L. M. | last7 = Schwall | first7 = R. E. | bibcode = 2005ITAS...15.3528L}}
15. ^1 {{Cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.stam.2006.04.006 | title = Sp3-network superconductors made from IVth-group elements| journal = Science and Technology of Advanced Materials| volume = 7| pages = S88| year = 2006| last1 = Rachi | first1 = T. | last2 = Kumashiro | first2 = R. | last3 = Fukuoka | first3 = H. | last4 = Yamanaka | first4 = S. | last5 = Tanigaki | first5 = K. | bibcode = 2006STAdM...7S..88R}} {{Open access}}
16. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{Cite journal | doi = 10.1088/1468-6996/9/4/044102| pmid = 27878015| title = Synthesis and superconducting properties of CaC6| journal = Science and Technology of Advanced Materials| volume = 9| issue = 4| pages = 044102| year = 2008| last1 = Emery | first1 = N. | last2 = Hérold | first2 = C. | last3 = Marêché | first3 = J. F. O. | last4 = Lagrange | first4 = P. | bibcode = 2008STAdM...9d4102E|pmc= 5099629}} {{Open access}}
17. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/0379-6779(89)90424-4| title = Superconductivity of GIC with Li, Na and K| journal = Synthetic Metals| volume = 34| pages = 455| year = 1989| last1 = Belash | first1 = I. T. | last2 = Zharikov | first2 = O. V. | last3 = Palnichenko | first3 = A. V. }}
18. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1038/352222a0| title = Superconductivity at 33 K in CsxRbyC60| journal = Nature| volume = 352| issue = 6332| pages = 222| year = 1991| last1 = Tanigaki | first1 = K.| last2 = Ebbesen | first2 = T. W.| last3 = Saito | first3 = S.| last4 = Mizuki | first4 = J.| last5 = Tsai | first5 = J. S.| last6 = Kubo | first6 = Y.| last7 = Kuroshima | first7 = S.| bibcode = 1991Natur.352..222T}}
19. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1126/science.256.5060.1190| pmid = 17795215| title = Synthesis and Electronic Transport of Single Crystal K3C60| journal = Science| volume = 256| issue = 5060| pages = 1190| year = 1992| last1 = Xiang | first1 = X. -D.| last2 = Hou | first2 = J. G.| last3 = Briceno | first3 = G.| last4 = Vareka | first4 = W. A.| last5 = Mostovoy | first5 = R.| last6 = Zettl | first6 = A.| last7 = Crespi | first7 = V. H.| last8 = Cohen | first8 = M. L.| bibcode = 1992Sci...256.1190X}}
20. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.2830| title = Superconductivity at 28 K in RbxC60| journal = Physical Review Letters| volume = 66| issue = 21| pages = 2830–2832| year = 1991| last1 = Rosseinsky | first1 = M.| last2 = Ramirez | first2 = A.| last3 = Glarum | first3 = S.| last4 = Murphy | first4 = D.| last5 = Haddon | first5 = R.| last6 = Hebard | first6 = A.| last7 = Palstra | first7 = T.| last8 = Kortan | first8 = A.| last9 = Zahurak | first9 = S.| last10 = Makhija | first10 = A. | pmid=10043627| bibcode = 1991PhRvL..66.2830R}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kurzweilai.net/first-fully-computer-designed-superconductor |title=First fully computer-designed superconductor |publisher=KurzweilAI |accessdate=2013-10-11}}
22. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/j.stam.2006.06.004 | title = Electronic structure of superconducting InN| journal = Science and Technology of Advanced Materials| volume = 7| pages = S112| year = 2006| last1 = Inushima | first1 = T. | bibcode = 2006STAdM...7S.112I}} {{Open access}}
23. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1088/1468-6996/9/4/044208 | pmid = 27878025| title = Superconductivity in transparent zinc-doped In2O3 films having low carrier density|pmc=5099639| journal = Science and Technology of Advanced Materials| volume = 9| issue = 4| pages = 044208| year = 2008| last1 = Makise | first1 = K. | last2 = Kokubo | first2 = N. | last3 = Takada | first3 = S. | last4 = Yamaguti | first4 = T. | last5 = Ogura | first5 = S. | last6 = Yamada | first6 = K. | last7 = Shinozaki | first7 = B. | last8 = Yano | first8 = K. | last9 = Inoue | first9 = K. | last10 = Nakamura | first10 = H. | bibcode = 2008STAdM...9d4208M}} {{Open access}}
24. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1103/PhysRevB.25.1589| title = Electronic structure and superconductivity in metal hexaborides| journal = Physical Review B| volume = 25| issue = 3| pages = 1589| year = 1982| last1 = Schell | first1 = G.| last2 = Winter | first2 = H.| last3 = Rietschel | first3 = H.| last4 = Gompf | first4 = F.| bibcode = 1982PhRvB..25.1589S}}
25. ^{{Cite journal|title=Superconductivity at 39 K in magnesium diboride | doi = 10.1038/35065039| pmid = 11242039|bibcode=2001Natur.410...63N|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/12090250_Superconductivity_at_39_K_in_magnesium_diboride| year = 2001| last1 = Nagamatsu | first1 = J. | journal = Nature| volume = 410| issue = 6824| pages = 63| last2 = Nakagawa | first2 = N. | last3 = Muranaka | first3 = T. | last4 = Zenitani | first4 = Y. | last5 = Akimitsu | first5 = J. }}
26. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1007/BF00114941| title = Preparation of Nb3Ge films by chemical transport reaction and their critical properties| journal = Journal of Low Temperature Physics| volume = 34| issue = 5–6| pages = 569| year = 1979| last1 = Oya | first1 = G. I. | last2 = Saur | first2 = E. J.| bibcode = 1979JLTP...34..569O}}
27. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1007/BF00660068| title = Superconductivity in the TiO and NbO systems| journal = Journal of Low Temperature Physics| volume = 7| issue = 3–4| pages = 291| year = 1972| last1 = Hulm | first1 = J. K.| last2 = Jones | first2 = C. K.| last3 = Hein | first3 = R. A.| last4 = Gibson | first4 = J. W.| bibcode = 1972JLTP....7..291H}}
28. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1103/PhysRev.95.1435| title = Superconductivity of Nb3Sn| journal = Physical Review| volume = 95| issue = 6| pages = 1435| year = 1954| last1 = Matthias | first1 = B. T.| last2 = Geballe | first2 = T. H.| last3 = Geller | first3 = S.| last4 = Corenzwit | first4 = E.| bibcode = 1954PhRv...95.1435M}}
29. ^1 {{Cite journal | doi = 10.1088/1468-6996/9/4/044204| pmid = 27878021| title = Superconductivity in carrier-doped silicon carbide| journal = Science and Technology of Advanced Materials| volume = 9| issue = 4| pages = 044204| year = 2008| last1 = Muranaka | first1 = T. | last2 = Kikuchi | first2 = Y. | last3 = Yoshizawa | first3 = T. | last4 = Shirakawa | first4 = N. | last5 = Akimitsu | first5 = J. | bibcode = 2008STAdM...9d4204M|pmc=5099635}} {{Open access}}
30. ^{{cite book|page=193|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pbt-RWodmVAC&pg=PA193|title=Handbook of refractory carbides and nitrides: properties, characteristics, processing, and applications|author =Pierson, Hugh O. | publisher = William Andrew | year =1996| isbn= 0-8155-1392-5}}
31. ^{{cite journal | url=https://inis.iaea.org/search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:14791809 | journal = Soviet Physics - Solid State | pages = 689-690 | title = Magnetic properties of titanium nitride in superconducting state }}
32. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/0025-5408(76)90179-3| title = Growth of YB6 single crystals| journal = Materials Research Bulletin| volume = 11| issue = 8| pages = 1019| year = 1976| last1 = Fisk | first1 = Z.| last2 = Schmidt | first2 = P. H. | last3 = Longinotti | first3 = L. D. }}
33. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/j.physc.2007.04.135|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/243241952_Superconducting_energy_gap_of_YB_6_studied_by_point-contact_spectroscopy| title = Superconducting energy gap of YB6 studied by point-contact spectroscopy| journal = Physica C: Superconductivity| volume = 460–462| pages = 626| year = 2007| last1 = Szabó | first1 = P. | last2 = Kačmarčík | first2 = J. | last3 = Samuely | first3 = P. | last4 = Girovský | first4 = J. N. | last5 = Gabáni | first5 = S. | last6 = Flachbart | first6 = K. | last7 = Mori | first7 = T. |bibcode=2007PhyC..460..626S}}
34. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1002/sia.740150606| title = Characterization of nitrogen distribution profiles in fcc transition metal nitrides by means of Tc measurements| journal = Surface and Interface Analysis| volume = 15| issue = 6| pages = 377| year = 1990| last1 = Lengauer | first1 = W. }}
35. ^1 {{Cite journal | doi = 10.1103/PhysRevB.78.024522| title = Linear and nonlinear low-frequency electrodynamics of surface superconducting states in an yttrium hexaboride single crystal| journal = Physical Review B| volume = 78| issue = 2| pages = 024522| year = 2008| last1 = Tsindlekht | first1 = M. I.| last2 = Genkin | first2 = V. M.| last3 = Leviev | first3 = G. I.| last4 = Felner | first4 = I.| last5 = Yuli | first5 = O.| last6 = Asulin | first6 = I.| last7 = Millo | first7 = O.| last8 = Belogolovskii | first8 = M. A.| last9 = Shitsevalova | first9 = N. Y. | bibcode = 2008PhRvB..78b4522T| arxiv = 0707.2211}}

References

{{reflist|30em}}

External links

  • A review of 700 potential superconductors {{Cite journal | doi = 10.1088/1468-6996/16/3/033503| pmid = 27877784| title = Exploration of new superconductors and functional materials, and fabrication of superconducting tapes and wires of iron pnictides| journal = Science and Technology of Advanced Materials| volume = 16| issue = 3| pages = 033503| year = 2015| last1 = Hosono | first1 = H. | last2 = Tanabe | first2 = K. | last3 = Takayama-Muromachi | first3 = E. | last4 = Kageyama | first4 = H. | last5 = Yamanaka | first5 = S. | last6 = Kumakura | first6 = H. | last7 = Nohara | first7 = M. | last8 = Hiramatsu | first8 = H. | last9 = Fujitsu | first9 = S. |pmc=5099821|bibcode = 2015STAdM..16c3503H |arxiv = 1505.02240}}

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