| 词条 | Lohner B.I | |||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Lohner B.I was a military reconnaissance aircraft produced in Austria-Hungary during World War I.[1] As Lohner strove to perfect the design, a variety of increasingly powerful engines were fitted, reflected in a range of military designations from B.II through to B.VI until the definitive B.VII was finally produced. This last version was also produced in an armed variant, designated the C.I.[2] Design and developmentThe B.I design originated before the war[3] and was initially known as the Pfeilflieger ("Arrow-flier") on account of its sharply swept-back wings,[4] giving it an arrow-shaped plan form. Apart from this feature, it was an otherwise conventional biplane design with two-bay, staggered wings of unequal span. The pilot and observer (or instructor) sat in tandem in an open cockpit. The first batch was produced for the Luftschiffabteilung ("Airship Section") of the Austro-Hungarian army in late 1912, after a national fundraising campaign conducted by the Österreichischer Aero-Club ("Austrian Aero-Club").[4] Known at this time as the Type B, the army took delivery of 28 aircraft before asking Lohner to develop a version better suited for mountain-flying, leading to the B.II which replaced the B.I in production in mid 1914. However, during the course of 1915, production was briefly revived (along with the then-surpassed B.II) under licence at Flugzeugwerk Fischamend for use as trainers. Operational historyOn 17 December 1913, during the war with Morocco, a Spanish expeditionary squadron of the Aeronáutica Militar became the first organized air force unit to see combat during the first systematic bombing in history by dropping aerial bombs from a Lohner Flecha airplane on the plain of Ben Karrix in Morocco.[5] Variants
Operators
Specifications{{aerospecs|ref=Grosz 2002 |met or eng?=met |crew=Two, pilot and observer |capacity= |length m=8.50 |length ft=27 |length in=11 |span m=13.40 |span ft=44 |span in=0 |swept m= |swept ft= |swept in= |rot number= |rot dia m= |rot dia ft= |rot dia in= |dia m= |dia ft= |dia in= |width m= |width ft= |width in= |height m=3.00 |height ft=9 |height in=10 |wing area sqm=37.5 |wing area sqft=403 |swept area sqm= |swept area sqft= |rot area sqm= |rot area sqft= |volume m3= |volume ft3= |aspect ratio= |wing profile= |empty weight kg=630 |empty weight lb=1,390 |gross weight kg=970 |gross weight lb=2,130 |lift kg= |lift lb= |eng1 number=1 |eng1 type=Austro-Daimler |eng1 kw=70 |eng1 hp=90 |eng1 kn= |eng1 lbf= |eng1 kn-ab= |eng1 lbf-ab= |eng2 number= |eng2 type= |eng2 kw= |eng2 hp= |eng2 kn= |eng2 lbf= |eng2 kn-ab= |eng2 lbf-ab= |max speed kmh=115 |max speed mph=72 |max speed mach= |cruise speed kmh= |cruise speed mph= |stall speed kmh= |stall speed mph= |range km= |range miles= |endurance h= |endurance min= |ceiling m= |ceiling ft= |g limits= |roll rate= |glide ratio= |climb rate ms=1.4 |climb rate ftmin=270 |sink rate ms= |sink rate ftmin= |armament1= |armament2= |armament3= |armament4= |armament5= |armament6= }}{{aircontent |see also= |related= |similar aircraft= |lists= }} Notes1. ^Taylor 1989, 610 2. ^Taylor 1989, 611 3. ^Gunston 1993, 188 4. ^1 Murphy 2005, 105 5. ^Aeroplano, n. 23, 2005 6. ^Taylor 1989, 611 7. ^Taylor 1989, 611 8. ^Aeronaves – Históricas 1910-1919 - Ejército del Aire 9. ^Warleta Carrillo, José (1989). «Eduardo Barrón y Ramos de Sotomayor». In Instituto de Historia y Cultura Aeronáutica. Aeroplano, Revista de Historia Aeronáutica nº 6. Madrid. pp. 64–74 References{{commons category|Lohner aircraft}}
3 : Austro-Hungarian military reconnaissance aircraft 1910–1919|Lohner aircraft|Single-engined tractor aircraft |
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