| 词条 | Ashburton, New Zealand |
| 释义 |
| name = Ashburton | official_name = | native_name = Hakatere {{small|(Māori)}} | other_name = | settlement_type = Secondary urban area | image_skyline = Ashburton NZ aerial.jpg | imagesize = 300 px | image_caption = Aerial view of Ashburton, looking west. The Ashburton River/Hakatere is visible at left. | image_flag = | image_seal = | image_shield = | nickname = Ashvegas | motto = | image_map = | map_caption = Location of Ashburton | pushpin_map = New Zealand transparent | pushpin_label_position = left | pushpin_map_alt = Ashburton is on the east coast of the South Island of New Zealand. | pushpin_mapsize = 300 | pushpin_map_caption = Ashburton | coordinates = {{coord|43|54|20|S|171|44|44|E|region:NZ|display=inline,title}} | coor_type = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{NZ}} | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_name1 = Canterbury | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = Ashburton District Council | subdivision_type3 = Wards | subdivision_name3 = Ashburton Eastern Western | established_title = | established_date = | seat_type = Electorates | seat = Rangitata Te Tai Tonga (Maori electorate)[1] | government_type = | government_footnotes = [2] | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Donna Favel | total_type = Territorial | unit_pref = | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 6187.40 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_max_m = | elevation_max_ft = | elevation_min_m = | elevation_min_ft = | population_footnotes = {{NZ population data||||y}} | population_total = {{formatnum:{{NZ population data|Ashburton District|y}}|R}} | population_as_of = {{NZ population data|||y}} | population_density_km2 = auto | population_urban = {{formatnum:{{NZ population data|Ashburton|y}}|R}} | population_note = | population_demonym = Ashburtonian | timezone = NZST | utc_offset = +12 | timezone_DST = NZDT | utc_offset_DST = +13 | postal_code_type = Postcode(s) | postal_code = Map of postcodes | postal2_code_type = Postcode(s) | postal2_code = 7700 | area_code = 03 | website = {{URL|http://www.ashburtondc.govt.nz/|Ashburton District Council}} | blank_name = Local iwi | blank_info = Ngāi Tahu | footnotes = }}Ashburton ({{lang-mi|Hakatere}}) is a large town in the Canterbury Region, on the east coast of the South Island of New Zealand. The town is the seat of the Ashburton District, a territorial authority encompassing the town and a number of small settlements within its surrounding rural area, roughly coterminous with the subregion of Mid Canterbury. It is {{convert|85|km|mi}} south west of Christchurch and is sometimes regarded as a satellite town of Christchurch.[4] Ashburton township has a population of {{NZ population data|Ashburton|y}}, with an additional 12,400 living in the wider district. The town is the 23rd largest urban area in New Zealand and the third-largest urban area in the Canterbury Region, after Christchurch and Timaru. NamingAshburton was named by the surveyor Captain Joseph Thomas of the New Zealand Land Association, after Francis Baring, 3rd Baron Ashburton, who was a member of the Canterbury Association. The town is laid out around two central squares either side of the railway line and main highway, Baring Square East and Baring Square West. "Ashvegas", Ashburton's common nickname, is an ironic allusion to Las Vegas.[6] Location{{stack|}}Ashburton is on State Highway 1 {{convert|86|km|mi}} south of Christchurch. The Main South Line railway line runs through the centre of town, but passenger trains ceased on 10 February 2002. The town is the centre of an agricultural and pastoral farming district, part of the Canterbury Plains. It has one large suburb, Tinwald, south of the town and the Ashburton River. Tinwald was the junction for the now-closed Mount Somers Branch railway line. The town has three other suburbs: Allenton, Hampstead and Netherby. The Ashburton District extends from the Pacific Ocean to the Southern Alps, and from the Rangitata River to the Rakaia River, including the towns of Methven, Mount Somers, and Rakaia. ClimateOn the whole, Ashburton shares a similar climate to Christchurch i.e. a dry temperate climate (Cfb). However, since it lies further inland at a higher altitude to Christchurch, Ashburton experiences a greater range of temperatures. During summer Ashburton can exceed {{convert|30|C|F}}, whilst winter can see regular frosts and annual snowfall. Ashburton's heaviest snowfall was {{convert|60|cm|in}} on 12 June 2006. {{Weather box|width=auto|location = Ashburton |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan high C = 23.7 |Feb high C = 23.0 |Mar high C = 21.0 |Apr high C = 17.9 |May high C = 13.9 |Jun high C = 11.2 |Jul high C = 10.7 |Aug high C = 12.3 |Sep high C = 15.2 |Oct high C = 18.0 |Nov high C = 19.9 |Dec high C = 22.0 |year high C = 17.4 |Jan low C = 11.1 |Feb low C = 10.8 |Mar low C = 9.5 |Apr low C = 6.4 |May low C = 3.4 |Jun low C = 0.9 |Jul low C = 0.5 |Aug low C = 1.8 |Sep low C = 3.8 |Oct low C = 6.0 |Nov low C = 7.9 |Dec low C = 9.9 |year low C = 6.0 |Jan precipitation mm = 58.5 |Feb precipitation mm = 53.6 |Mar precipitation mm = 62.5 |Apr precipitation mm = 65.5 |May precipitation mm = 61.6 |Jun precipitation mm = 51.1 |Jul precipitation mm = 62.7 |Aug precipitation mm = 66.1 |Sep precipitation mm = 43.7 |Oct precipitation mm = 56.6 |Nov precipitation mm = 57.8 |Dec precipitation mm = 56.2 |year precipitation mm = 696.2 |source 1 = NIWA Science climate data[7] |date=August 2010 }} EconomyAshburton lies in the middle of the fertile alluvial Canterbury Plains which permits agricultural activity such as dairying provided irrigation is used. In 2012, Ashburton was noted for having more cooperative companies operating in its district than in any other area of New Zealand, and was subsequently named by the New Zealand Cooperatives Association the "Cooperative Capital of New Zealand". Several of the 40-plus companies are national companies based outside the district, such as Fonterra, Foodstuffs and Silver Fern Farms (meat processing), but many were local cooperatives, such as the Ashburton Trading Society (farm supplies) and Electricity Ashburton (electricity distribution).[8] Ashburton media includes the Ashburton Guardian daily newspaper, the Mid Canterbury Herald, a free weekly community newspaper owned by Fairfax Media which comes out every Wednesday, The Courier, another free weekly community newspaper owned by the Otago Daily Times, and the Mid Canterbury-focused AshburtonOnline website. Radio Port FM is based in Timaru; Newstalk ZB and Classic Hits ZEFM are re-broadcast from other out-of-town stations. There is a small recreational airport, Ashburton Aerodrome, serving the town. Education{{Main|List of schools in the Canterbury Region#Ashburton District}}There are seven primary schools, an intermediate school, a secondary school and a composite school in Ashburton. All rolls are as of {{NZ school roll data|||y|y||.}}
RecreationThere is a cinema, swimming pool and two local golf courses. There is a walking track coastwards along the northern side of the river from SH 1. The same track extends west along the river with a mountainbike track. The Ashburton Museum and Art Gallery share one building, which sits on State Highway 1, just outside the centre of town. The Ashburton Club and Mutual School of Arts (MSA) was founded in 1885. The MSA is a member of the NZ Chartered Clubs Association and is located in the central town. The club itself currently has around 4,000 members on its records.[9] The Aerodrome located near the town centre and is an active light (GA and Microlight) aviation hub and home of the Mid Canterbury Aero Club (GA) and Ashburton Aviation Pioneers. The beaches adjacent to Ashburton are steep and shingly with a strong undertow, making them unsafe to swim, but suitable for surf-casting. In part to rectify the limitations imposed by the lack of recreational waterways, Lake Hood was constructed just south-east of Tinwald. The Ashburton, Rakaia, and Rangitata Rivers are suitable for fishing, the Rakaia in particular is renowned worldwide for its salmon fishing. Upper reaches of the Rangitata are frequently kayaked and rafted, reaching Grades 3–4. The Rakaia is known for jet-boating. The Ashburton lakes Lake Heron, Lake Camp and Lake Clearwater are inland. On the road to these lakes are Mount Somers and the Mount Somers walkway. Mount Hutt is a South Island ski field an hour inland, just past Methven. Prominent residentsProminent residents have included the former Prime Minister of New Zealand, Jenny Shipley, international operatic tenor Simon O'Neill, Olympic silver medal cyclist Hayden Roulston and New Zealand television and radio personalities Simon Barnett and Robyn Malcolm. Rugby union player Chris King was born in Ashburton. Hugo Friedlander was the second Mayor of Ashburton (1879–1881, 1890–1892 and 1898–1901), but left for Auckland in 1918 due to anti-German feelings caused by WWI.[10]John Grigg was a local landowner and Member of Parliament in the mid 19th century. Notes1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.elections.org.nz/mapping/ |title=Find my Electorate | Electoral Commission |website=Elections.org.nz |date=2017-02-25 |accessdate=2017-03-19}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ashburtondc.govt.nz/council/Council_Members/Mayor.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071201021223/http://www.ashburtondc.govt.nz/council/Council_Members/Mayor.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=1 December 2007 |title=Mayor Bede O'Malley |publisher=Ashburton District Council |accessdate=30 October 2009 }} 3. ^ 4. ^Editorial comment 15 June 2011 – Ashburton Guardian {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403173618/http://www.ashburtonguardian.co.nz/news/news-archive/4397-editorial-comment-june-15-2011.html |date=3 April 2012 }} 5. ^{{cite web|title = Rail Heritage Trust of New Zealand – Ashburton Station and Footbridge|url = http://www.railheritage.org.nz/Register/Listing.aspx?c=21&r=4&l=43|website = www.railheritage.org.nz|access-date = 10 February 2016}} 6. ^{{cite book | title = Comparative Studies in Australian and New Zealand English: Grammar and Beyond | first1 = Pam | last1 = Peters | first2 = Peter | last2 = Collins | first3 = Adam | last3 = Smith | page = 57 | publisher = John Benjamins | year = 2009 }} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.climate-charts.com/Locations/n/NZ9376600H319710.php |title=Ashburton, New Zealand: Climate, Global Warming, and Daylight Charts and Data |location=Ashburton, New Zealand |website=Climate-charts.com |date= |accessdate=2017-03-19}} 8. ^{{cite news |url= http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/BU1207/S00478/ashburton-crowned-cooperative-capital-of-nz.htm |title= Ashburton Crowned ‘Cooperative Capital of NZ’ |publisher= New Zealand Cooperatives Association (via Scoop.co.nz) |date= 15 July 2012 |accessdate= 22 July 2012}} 9. ^Ashburton Club and M.S.A. ; A century of achievement, 1885–1985. Pg.7 10. ^{{DNZB|title=Hugo Friedlander|first= Ray|last= McCausland|id=2f28|accessdate=1 December 2011}} References
External links
2 : Ashburton, New Zealand|Populated places in Canterbury, New Zealand |
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