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词条 Barcelona Metro
释义

  1. History

  2. Network

      Lines    L9 and L10  

  3. Rolling stock

  4. Tickets and pricing

  5. Stations

      Disused stations  

  6. Accessibility

  7. Transportation in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona

  8. See also

      Barcelona Metro topics    Rapid transit in Barcelona    Other metro systems in Spain  

  9. Notes

  10. References

  11. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2017}}{{stack begin}}
{{Infobox Public transit
|box_width =
|name = Barcelona Metro
|image = Barcelona Metro Logo.svg
|imagesize = 125px
|image2 = FGC.svg
|imagesize2 = 80px
|caption2 =
|native_name = {{lang|ca|Metro de Barcelona}}
|owner = TMB (Lines 1-5, 9-11), FGC (Lines 6-8)
|locale = Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
|transit_type = Rapid transit
|lines = 12 lines (Total)
  • 8 TMB lines
  • 4 FGC lines

|stations = 183 (Total)
  • 159 TMB stations
  • 24 FGC stations

|ridership =
|annual_ridership = 426,500,000 (2015)[1]
|website =
  • {{url|http://www.tmb.cat/en/home|Barcelona Metro}} for TMB
  • {{url|http://www.fgc.cat/eng/index.asp|Railway services}} for FGC

|began_operation = 1863 / 1924 / 1926
|operator = TMB (Lines 1-5, 9-11), FGC (Lines 6-8)
|marks =
|escalators =
|lifts =
|system_length = {{convert|144.3|km|mi|1|abbr=on}} (Total)
  • {{convert|123.2|km|mi|1|abbr=on}} TMB
  • {{convert|21.1|km|mi|1|abbr=on}} FGC

|track_gauge = {{RailGauge|1000mm|lk=on}} for {{FCAT|M|L8}}
{{RailGauge|1672mm|lk=on}} for {{FCAT|M|L1}}
{{nowrap|{{RailGauge|1435mm|lk=on}} for others}}
|map =
|map_state=
|alt=|caption=|area served=Barcelona metropolitan area|line_number=|start=|end=|weekly_ridership=|chief_executive=|character=|vehicles=}}
{{stack end}}

The Barcelona Metro (Catalan and Spanish: {{lang|ca|Metro de Barcelona}}){{efn|Local pronunciation:

  • Catalan: {{IPA-ca|ˈmɛtɾu ðə βəɾsəˈlonə|}}
  • Spanish: {{IPA-es|ˈmetɾo ðe βaɾθeˈlona|}} }} is an extensive network of rapid transit electrified railway lines that run mostly underground in central Barcelona and into the city's suburbs. It is part of the larger public transport system of Barcelona, the capital of Catalonia, with unified fares under the {{lang|ca|Autoritat del Transport Metropolità|italic=no}} (ATM) scheme. As of 2014, the network is operated by two separate companies: {{lang|ca|Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona|italic=no}} (TMB) and {{lang|ca|Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya|italic=no}} (FGC). It is made up of 12 lines, combining the lines owned by the two companies. Two lines, L9 and L10 are being built at present, with both lines having different sections of each opened between 2009 and 2016. They are due to be fully completed on 2026.[2] Three lines on the network have opened as automatic train operation/driverless vehicle systems since 2009: Line 11, Line 9 and Line 10, in chronological order.

History

The first rapid transit railway service in Barcelona was founded in 1863 by the private company Ferrocarril de Sarrià a Barcelona ("Railway from Sarrià to Barcelona", after 1916 Sarrià joined the municipality of Barcelona). Later this line evolved in what now is basically the current L6 metro service. This railway system, now part of the Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya company, was later inspired by the London Underground naming style having long names for the lines ("Sarrià line", "Balmes line"...).

Much later, in the 1920s, a second and a third rapid transit railway systems were founded with the construction of the Gran Metro between Lesseps and the Plaça de Catalunya (part of the modern L3) and, two years later, the Metro Transversal (now part of L1). This third one was built between the Plaça de Catalunya and la Bordeta to link the city centre with the Plaça d'Espanya and Montjuïc, the site of the 1929 Barcelona International Exposition. These two later rapid transit companies contrasted with the first one in being inspired by the Métropolitain de Paris (from where the word "metro" comes).

Today the network consists of 12 lines managed by 2 different operators: Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB) and Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC, or Catalan Government Railways). Fares and nomenclature are controlled by the Autoritat del Transport Metropolità, a citywide system that also includes local and regional buses, tramways and some commuter and regional train services.

Network

The total length of the network since 8/9/2018 is 151 km. and 187 stations, including TMB+FGC+Montjuic funicular.

The major network, operated by TMB, consists of eight lines, numbered L1 to L5 and L9 to L11 (which are distinguished on network maps by different colours), covering {{convert|102.6|km|mi}} of route and 141 stations.[3]

FGC lines are numbered L6, L7, L8 and L12. These lines, except all L12 and part of L7, share tracks with commuter rail lines.

The Barcelona Metro lines do not have a name of their own but are generally referred to by their colour or by the number and the names of their termini.

Lines

The lines run as follows:

Line Number Termini Operator Current Length Approved Length Current Stations Approved Stations Year of opening Gauge Electrification

Image:L1 barcelona.svg|25x25px

rect 0 0 500 500 Barcelona Metro line 1

desc none

Hospital de Bellvitge–FondoTMB20.700 km}}29.758 km}}303819261672mm|lk=on}} Rigid overhead wire

Image:L2 barcelona.svg|25x25px

rect 0 0 500 500 Barcelona Metro line 2

desc none

Paral·lel–Badalona Pompeu FabraTMB13.700 km}}18.466 km}}183419951435mm|lk=on}}

Image:L3 barcelona.svg|25x25px

rect 0 0 500 500 Barcelona Metro line 3

desc none

Zona Universitària–Trinitat NovaTMB18.400 km}}20.024 km}}263619241435mm|lk=on}} Rigid overhead wire

Image:L4 barcelona.svg|25x25px

rect 0 0 500 500 Barcelona Metro line 4

desc none

Trinitat Nova–La PauTMB17.300 km}}18.916 km}}22 (1 shared with L11)261973 (1926)1435mm|lk=on}} Rigid overhead wire

Image:L5 barcelona.svg|25x25px

rect 0 0 500 500 Barcelona Metro line 5

desc none

Cornellà Centre–Vall d'HebronTMB19.168 km}}19.168 km}}262719591435mm|lk=on}} Rigid overhead wire

Image:L6 barcelona.svg|25x25px

rect 0 0 500 500 Barcelona Metro line 6

desc none

Pl. Catalunya–SarriàFGC4.884 km}}(2{{efn>In Plaça Catalunya and Provença stations share the same tracks, but in Gràcia not}} shared with L7)1929 (1863)1435mm|lk=on}}

Image:L7 barcelona.svg|25x25px

rect 0 0 500 500 Barcelona Metro line 7

desc none

Pl. Catalunya–Av. TibidaboFGC4.634 km}}4.634 km}}(2{{efn>In Plaça Catalunya and Provença stations share the same tracks, but in Gràcia not}} shared with L6)71953 (1863)1435mm|lk=on}}

Image:L8 barcelona.svg|25x25px

rect 0 0 500 500 Barcelona Metro line 8

desc none

Pl. Espanya–Molí Nou-Ciutat CooperativaFGC11.266 km}}11.266 km}}11212000 (1912)1000mm|lk=on}} Overhead wire, 1,500 V DC

File:L9 barcelona.svg|25x25px

rect 0 0 500 500 Barcelona Metro line 9

desc none

Aeroport T1–Zona Universitària
TMB
19.600 km
{{nowrap|47.800 km}}
15
39
2009
{{RailGauge|1435mm|lk=on}}
La Sagrera–Can Zam7.867 km}}9 (3 shared with L10)

File:L10 barcelona.svg|25x25px

rect 0 0 500 500 Barcelona Metro line 10

desc none

>La Sagrera–Gorg
TMB
5.570 km
{{nowrap|47.800 km}}
6 (3 shared with L9)
33
2010
{{RailGauge|1435mm|lk=on}}
Collblanc–Foc4.500 km}}5 (3 shared with L9)
2018

Image:L11 barcelona.svg|25x25px

rect 0 0 500 500 Barcelona Metro line 11

desc none

Trinitat Nova–Can CuiàsTMB2.109 km}}5 (1 shared with L4)20031435mm|lk=on}}

Image:L12 barcelona.svg|25x25px

rect 0 0 500 500 Barcelona Metro line 12

desc none

Sarrià–Reina ElisendaFGC0.600 km}}3.200 km}}252016 (1976)1435mm|lk=on}}

In addition to those, Renfe and FGC trains and the increasingly important Trambaix and Trambesòs routes and stations are displayed on most recent maps, including the info maps in the metro stations, all in a single variety of dark green.

L9 and L10

Construction work is taking place currently on L9/L10, which will run from Badalona and Santa Coloma de Gramenet to the Zona Franca district and El Prat International Airport. The lines, which share a central section between Bon Pastor and Torrassa (L1), will be the longest automated metro line in Europe, at {{convert|47.8|km|mi|1}}, and will have 52 stations. The project was approved in 2000[4] but has been challenged by some technical difficulties and some of their sections are pending further geological analysis. The first section of Line 9 that runs between La Sagrera and Can Zam opened in 2009, and by June 2010 eleven new stations on the new Lines L9 and L10 had opened. {{As of|2016|2}}, the 15-station, {{convert|19.6|km|mi|adj=on}} south section of Line L9 between Zona Universitària and the airport opened.[5]

Rolling stock

Tickets and pricing

In addition to the one-way ticket (€2.20 {{as of|2018|02|lc=on}}[6]) there are a number of other tickets and cards. All of the Autoritat del Transport Metropolità (ATM) transport cards are valid and can be used in the Barcelona Metro. These are:

  • Airport Ticket, is a one-way ticket for the airport stations, only required if travelling with a special airport ticket
  • T10, which includes ten rides at a discounted price
  • T Dia, unlimited trips within a day
  • T50/30, 50 journeys made in 30 consecutive days from the first use
  • T 70/30, 70 journeys made in 30 consecutive days from the first use
  • T Mes, unlimited journeys made in 30 consecutive days from the first use
  • T Trimestre, unlimited journeys made in 90 consecutive days from the first use
  • T Jove, young ticket (less than 25 years old) for unlimited journeys made in 90 consecutive days from the first use

All of the metro stations are within fare zone 1.

Stations

{{Main|List of Barcelona metro stations}}

At the end of 2018, there are currently 187 operational stations in the Barcelona Metro, served by the 12 lines in current use. Average distance between 2 stations is 807.50 metres.

An overwhelming majority of stations in the network lack related buildings or structures aboveground, mostly consisting of an access with stairs, escalators or elevators. The official TMB metro indicator, a red rhombus with a M inside, remains unused by FGC lines, which use their company logo and a different rhombus-shaped logo (actually rather similar to the one used inside the Madrid Metro) inside stations. Below ground their decoration is remarkably sober, with the exception of all the new stations.

Disused stations

{{Main|Disused Barcelona metro stations}}

A number of stations in the network have been closed, were never inaugurated, or have been moved to a nearby location. See the main article for more details.

Accessibility

Accessibility for wheelchairs and for passengers with pushchairs is being improved but the metro system is not yet fully accessible. A project of improvements is gradually adding more lifts from street level to ticket office level and then from ticket office level to the platforms, though some stations remain without access. 17 of 180 are not fully accessible as 2016. See Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona for more information on which stations are currently accessible. As of 2018, only 9 stations are not accessible for wheelchair users. These are: Espanya, Plaça de Sants, Urquinaona, Clot, Vallcarca, Maragall, Verdaguer, Ciutadella|Vila Olímpica, Virrei Amat. Around June 2018, accessibility works at Jaume I started. On December 28th, construction finished lowering the number of unaccessible stations to 9.

Transportation in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona

The Barcelona Metro is part of a larger transportation network, regulated and fare-integrated by Autoritat del Transport Metropolità.

Among these services, there are two large systems which operate both inside and outside the city limits of Barcelona: the commuter train lines operated by Renfe, amalgamated in the Rodalies Barcelona, or Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya lines which start in the metro lines the company operates (L6, L7 and L8) and which become a fully-fledged railway system which serves most of the metropolitan area: list of FGC lines. FGC is developing Sabadell Metro and Terrassa Metro as extensions of its network in the large cities of Sabadell and Terrassa respectively.

See also

Barcelona Metro topics

  • List of Barcelona metro stations
  • Disused Barcelona metro stations
  • Autoritat del Transport Metropolità
  • Spanish solution, also known as Barcelona solution

Rapid transit in Barcelona

  • Transport in Barcelona
  • List of railway stations in Barcelona
  • Rodalies de Catalunya and FGC-operated Rodalies Barcelona
  • List of Rodalies Barcelona railway stations
  • FGC suburban lines
  • Trambaix and Trambesòs
  • Tramvia blau
  • List of tram stations in Barcelona
  • Funicular de Montjuïc
  • Funicular de Vallvidrera

Other metro systems in Spain

  • Metro Bilbao
  • Madrid Metro
  • Palma de Mallorca Metro
  • Seville Metro
  • Valencia Metro
  • Málaga Metro
  • List of metro systems

Notes

{{Notelist}}

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://doc.atm.cat/ca/_dir_transmet/xifres2015/#3 |title=Metropolitan Transport Authority – ATM |website=ATM.cat |date= |accessdate= 15 February 2017 |df=dmy }}
2. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/local/barcelona/20180823/451412811694/linea-9-metro-tramo-central-sagrera-zona-universitaria.html|title=El tramo central de la línea 9 de metro prepara su reactivación|work=La Vanguardia|access-date=2018-11-19}}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.tmb.cat/en/transports-en-xifres |title=Transport in figures – Basic transport data |publisher=TMB |date=31 December 2013 |accessdate=9 May 2014}} – length of TMB lines.
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://people.reed.edu/~reyn/Linia9.pd |title=News article |website=people.reed.edu |format=PDF}}
5. ^{{cite journal |url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/news/europe/single-view/view/driverless-metro-reaches-barcelona-airport.html |title=Driverless metro reaches Barcelona airport |work=Railway Gazette International |date=12 February 2016 |accessdate=15 February 2016}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tmb.cat/en/sistema-tarifari-integrat/-/ticket/Bitllet-senzill|title=Integrated Fare System – Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona|work=tmb.cat}}

External links

{{commons category|Barcelona Metro}}
  • Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona
  • Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya
  • Barcelona Metro
  • CityMayors article on Barcelona Metro
  • Barcelona rail network map
  • [https://www.metrolinemap.com/metro/barcelona/ Barcelona Metro Map]
  • Wefer.com
  • Barcelona metro map for wheelchair users
{{Transport in Barcelona}}{{Rail transport in Spain}}{{Navboxes
|title=Barcelona Metro lines
|list= {{Barcelona Metro line 1}}{{Barcelona Metro line 2}}{{Barcelona Metro line 3}}{{Barcelona Metro line 4}}{{Barcelona Metro line 5}}{{Barcelona Metro line 9}}{{Barcelona Metro line 11}}{{Barcelona–Vallès Line}}{{Llobregat–Anoia Line}}
}}{{Underground rapid transit in the European Union}}{{International Metro Organizations}}

8 : Barcelona Metro|Rail transport in Catalonia|Transport in Barcelona|Underground rapid transit in Spain|Rapid transit in Spain|Busking venues|1445 mm gauge railways|Standard gauge railways in Spain
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