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词条 1995
释义

  1. Events

     January  February  March   April    May   June  July   August   September  October  November  December  Date unknown  World population 

  2. Births

     January  February  March  April  May  June  July  August  September  October  November  December  Date unknown 

  3. Deaths

      January   February  March  April  May  June  July  August  September  October  November  December  Date unknown 

  4. Nobel Prizes

  5. References

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}{{Year dab|1995}}{{Year nav|1995}}{{C20 year in topic}}{{Year article header|1995}}

This was the first year that the Internet was entirely privatized, with the United States government no longer providing public funding.[1][2] America Online and Prodigy offered access to the World Wide Web system for the first time this year, releasing browsers that made it easily accessible to the general public.[3]

{{TOC limit|2}}

Events

January

  • January 1
    • The World Trade Organization (WTO) is established to replace the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).
    • Austria, Finland and Sweden join the European Union.
  • January 9 – Valeri Polyakov completes 366 days in space while aboard the Mir space station, breaking a duration record.
  • January 16 – An avalanche hits the village Súðavík in Iceland, killing 14 people.
  • January 17 – The 6.9 {{M|w}} Great Hanshin earthquake strikes the southern Hyōgo Prefecture with a maximum Shindo of VII, leaving 5,502–6,434 people dead, and 251,301–310,000 displaced.
  • January 25 – Norwegian rocket incident: A rocket launched from the space exploration centre at Andøya, Norway is briefly interpreted by the Russians as an incoming attack.
  • January 31 – Mexican peso crisis: U.S. President Bill Clinton invokes emergency powers, to extend a $20 billion loan to help Mexico avert financial collapse.

February

  • February 13 – 21 Bosnian Serb commanders are charged with genocide and crimes against humanity in the United Nations' International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, a tribunal on human rights violations during the Wars in the Balkans.
  • February 21
    • Serkadji prison mutiny in Algeria: 4 guards and 96 prisoners are killed in a day and a half.
    • Steve Fossett lands in Leader, Saskatchewan, Canada, becoming the first person to make a solo flight across the Pacific Ocean in a balloon.
  • February 25 – The Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO) (Organización del Tratado de Cooperación Amazónica [OTCA]) is formed.
  • February 26 – The United Kingdom's oldest investment banking firm, Barings Bank, collapses after securities broker Nick Leeson loses $1.4 billion by speculating on the Tokyo Stock Exchange

March

  • March 1
    • Julio María Sanguinetti is sworn in as President of Uruguay for his second term.
    • Polish Prime Minister Waldemar Pawlak resigns from Parliament and is replaced by ex-communist Józef Oleksy.
  • March 2 – Nick Leeson is arrested in Singapore for his role in the collapse of Barings Bank.
  • March 3 – United Nations Operation in Somalia II, the United Nations peacekeeping mission in Somalia, ends.
  • March 14 – Astronaut Norman Thagard becomes the first American to ride into space aboard a Russian launch vehicle (the Soyuz TM-21), lifting off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.
  • March 20 – Sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway: members of the Aum Shinrikyo religious cult release sarin gas on 5 subway trains in Tokyo, killing 13 and injuring 5,510. 11 of the principal activists are hanged in 2018.
  • March 22 – Cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov returns after setting a record for 438 days in outer space.
  • March 26 – The Schengen Agreement, easing cross-border travel, goes into effect in several European countries.
  • March 31 – TAROM Flight 371 from Bucharest to Brussels crashes shortly after take off killing all 60 people on board.

April

  • April 7 – First Chechen War – Samashki massacre: Russian paramilitary troops begin a massacre of at least 250 civilians in Samashki, Chechnya.
  • April 19 – Oklahoma City bombing: 168 people, including 8 Federal Marshals and 19 children, are killed at the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building and 680 wounded by a bomb set off by Timothy McVeigh and one of his accomplices, Terry Nichols.
  • April 28 – In Daegu, South Korea, a gas explosion at a subway construction site kills 101 people, mostly teenage schoolboys.
  • April 30 – The United States government stops funding the NSFNET, making the Internet a wholly privatised system.[4]

May

  • May 1 – Jacques Chirac is elected president of France.
  • May 10 – At Vaal Reefs gold mine in Orkney, a runaway locomotive falls into a lift shaft onto an ascending cage and causes it to plunge {{convert|1500|ft}} to the bottom of the {{convert|6900|ft}} deep shaft, killing 104.[5][6]
  • May 11 – More than 170 countries agree to extend the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty indefinitely and without conditions.
  • May 13 – The 6.6 {{M|w}} Western Macedonia earthquake strikes northwestern Greece with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), injuring 25 and causing $450 million in damage.
  • May 14 – The Dalai Lama proclaims 6-year-old Gedhun Choekyi Nyima as the 11th reincarnation of the Panchen Lama.
  • May 16 – Japanese police besiege the headquarters of Aum Shinrikyo near Mount Fuji and arrest cult leader Shoko Asahara.
  • May 24 – AFC Ajax wins the UEFA Champions League at the Ernst Happel Stadium in Vienna by defeating A.C. Milan 1–0.
  • May 28 – The 7.0 {{M|w}} Neftegorsk earthquake strikes northern Sakhalin Island in Russia with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent), leaving 1,989 people dead and 750 injured.

June

  • June 2
    • Mrkonjić Grad incident: A United States Air Force F-16 piloted by Captain Scott O'Grady is shot down over Bosnia and Herzegovina while patrolling the NATO no-fly zone. O'Grady is rescued by U.S. Marines six days later.
    • Waffen-SS Hauptsturmführer Erich Priebke is extradited from Argentina to Italy.
  • June 6
    • U.S. astronaut Norman Thagard breaks NASA's space endurance record of 14 days, 1 hour and 16 minutes, aboard the Russian space station Mir.
    • The Constitutional Court of South Africa abolishes capital punishment in South Africa in the case of S v Makwanyane and Another.
  • June 13 – French President Jacques Chirac announces the resumption of nuclear tests in French Polynesia.
  • June 16 – The IOC selects Salt Lake City to host the 2002 Winter Olympics.
  • June 22 – Japanese police rescue 365 hostages from a hijacked All Nippon Airways Flight 857 (Boeing 747-200) at Hakodate airport. The hijacker was armed with a knife and demanded the release of Shoko Asahara.
  • June 24 – South Africa wins the Rugby World Cup.
  • June 29
    • Lisa Clayton completes her 10-month solo circumnavigation from the Northern Hemisphere.
    • STS-71: Space Shuttle Atlantis docks with the Russian Mir space station for the first time.
    • The Sampoong Department Store collapses in the Seocho-gu district of Seoul, South Korea, killing 502 and injuring 937.
    • Iraq disarmament crisis: According to UNSCOM, the unity of the U.N. Security Council begins to fray, as a few countries, particularly France and Russia, become more interested in making financial deals with Iraq than in disarming the country.

July

  • July – Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraq threatens to end all cooperation with UNSCOM and IAEA, if sanctions against the country are not lifted by August 31. Following the defection of his son-in-law, Hussein Kamel al-Majid, Saddam Hussein makes new revelations about the full extent of Iraq's biological and nuclear weapons programs. Iraq also withdraws its last U.N. declaration of prohibited biological weapons and turns over a large amount of new documents on its WMD programs.
  • July 1 – Iraq disarmament crisis: In response to UNSCOM's evidence, Iraq admits for first time the existence of an offensive biological weapons program, but denies weaponization.
  • July 4 – Prime Minister of the United Kingdom John Major is re-elected as leader of the Conservative Party.
  • July 9 – Sri Lankan Civil War: 125 civilians are killed in Navaly as result of bombing by the Sri Lanka Air Force.
  • July 10 – Burmese dissident Aung San Suu Kyi is freed from house arrest.
  • July 11
    • Srebrenica massacre: Units of the Army of Republika Srpska, under the command of General Ratko Mladić, enter Srebrenica with little resistance from Dutch peacekeepers of the United Nations Protection Force, going on to kill thousands of Bosniak men and boys and rape many women.
    • President Clinton announces the restoration of United States–Vietnam relations twenty years after the Vietnam War.
    • A Cubana de Aviación Antonov An-24 crashes into the Caribbean off southeast Cuba killing 44 people.
  • July 21–26 – Third Taiwan Strait Crisis: The Chinese People's Liberation Army fires missiles into the waters north of Taiwan.

August

  • August 4 – Croatian forces, with the cooperation of the ARBiH, launch Operation Storm against rebel Republic of Serbian Krajina forces, which subsequently ceases to exist as a political entity.
  • August 16 – Bermudans reject independence in a referendum.
  • August 24 – Microsoft releases Windows 95.
  • August 29 – Eduard Shevardnadze, the Georgian head of state, survives an assassination attempt in Tbilisi.
  • August 30 – The NATO bombing campaign against Bosnian Serb artillery positions begins in Bosnia and Herzegovina, continuing into September. At the same time, ARBiH forces begin an offensive against the Bosnian Serb Army around Sarajevo, central Bosnia, and Bosnian Krajina.

September

  • September – The European Parliament elects the first European Ombudsman, Jacob Söderman, who takes up office in September 1995.
  • September 4–15 The Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing with over 4,750 delegates from 181 countries in attendance.
  • September 6 – NATO air strikes against Bosnian Serb forces continue, after repeated attempts at a solution to the Bosnian War fail.
  • September 19 – The Washington Post and The New York Times publish the Unabomber's manifesto.
  • September 26 – The trial against former Italian Prime Minister Giulio Andreotti, who is accused of Mafia connections, begins.
  • September 27–28 – Bob Denard's mercenaries capture President Said Mohammed Djohor of the Comoros; the local army does not resist.

October

  • October 3 – O. J. Simpson is found not guilty of double murder for the deaths of former wife Nicole Simpson and Ronald Goldman.
  • October 5 – Tansu Çiller of DYP forms the new government of Turkey (51st government, a minority government which failed to receive the vote of confidence).
  • October 6 – Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz announce the discovery of 51 Pegasi b, the first confirmed extrasolar planet orbiting an ordinary main-sequence star.
  • October 16 – The Million Man March is held in Washington, D.C. The event was conceived by Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan.
  • October 17 – French woman Jeanne Calment reaches the confirmed age of 120 years and 238 days, making her the oldest person ever recorded.
  • October 24 – A total solar eclipse is visible from Iran, India, Thailand, and Southeast Asia.[7]
  • October 28 – A fire in Baku Metro, Azerbaijan, kills 289 passengers (the world's worst subway disaster).
  • October 30
    • Quebec independentists narrowly lose a referendum for a mandate to negotiate independence from Canada.
    • Tansu Çiller of DYP forms the new government of Turkey.

November

  • November – The Indian government officially renames the city of Bombay, restoring the name Mumbai.
  • November 1
    • The last signal is received from NASA's Pioneer 11 spacecraft.
    • Participants in the Yugoslav Wars begin negotiations at the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio.
  • November 2 – The Supreme Court of Argentina orders the extradition of Erich Priebke, ex-S.S. captain.
  • November 4 – Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin is assassinated at a peace rally in Tel Aviv.
  • November 7 – Typhoon Angela leaves the Philippines and Vietnam devastated, with 882 deaths and US$315 million in damage. The typhoon was the strongest ever to strike the Philippines in 25 years, with wind speeds of {{convert|130|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}} and gusts of {{convert|180|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}.
  • November 12 – The Millbrook Commonwealth Action Programme, a programme to implement the Harare Declaration, is announced by the Commonwealth Heads of Government.
  • November 16 – A United Nations tribunal charges Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić with genocide during the Bosnian War.
  • November 21 – The Dayton Agreement to end the Bosnian War is reached at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton, Ohio (signed December 14).
  • November 22
    • The 7.3 {{M|w}} Gulf of Aqaba earthquake shakes the Sinai Peninsula and Saudi Arabia region with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), killing eight and injuring 30, and generating a non-destructive tsunami.
    • The first-ever full-length computer-animated feature film, Toy Story, is released by Pixar and Walt Disney Pictures.
  • November 28 – 27 nations sign the Barcelona Treaty, creating the Union for the Mediterranean.
  • November 30 – Operation Desert Storm officially ends.

December

  • December 3 – Strikes paralyze France's public sector.
  • December 7 – NASA's Galileo Probe enters Jupiter's atmosphere.
  • December 8 – 5-year-old Gyaincain Norbu is enthroned as the 11th reincarnation of the Panchen Lama at Tashilhunpo Monastery.
  • December 14 – The Dayton Agreement is signed in Paris, officially ending the Bosnian War.
  • December 16 – Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraqi scuba divers, under the direction of the United Nations Special Commission, dredge the Tigris near Baghdad. The divers find over 200 prohibited Russian-made missile instruments and components.
  • December 20
    • American Airlines Flight 965 (Boeing 757) crashes into a mountain near Buga, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, after veering off its course en route to Cali, Colombia. Of the 164 people on board, 4 passengers survive.
    • NATO begins peacekeeping in Bosnia.
  • December 30 – The lowest ever United Kingdom temperature of {{Convert|-27.2|°C|°F|abbr=on}} is recorded at Altnaharra in the Scottish Highlands. This equals the record set at Braemar, Aberdeenshire in 1895 and 1982.

Date unknown

  • Sudden oak death, the tree disease caused by the plant pathogen Phytophthora ramorum, is first observed, in California.

World population

World population
199519902000
  World5,674,380,0005,263,593,000410,787,0006,070,581,000396,201,000
  Africa707,462,000622,443,00085,019,000795,671,00088,209,000
  Asia3,430,052,0003,167,807,000262,245,0003,679,737,000249,685,000
  Europe725,405,000721,582,0005,823,000730,986,0005,581,000
 
481,099,000441,525,00039,574,000520,229,00039,130,000
 
299,438,000283,549,00015,889,000315,915,00016,477,000  Oceania28,924,00026,687,0002,237,00031,043,0002,119,000

Births

{{BD ToC|births}}

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Date unknown

Deaths

{{BD ToC|deaths|section=3}}

January

February

March

April

May

June

* June 3

July

August

September

October

]]

November

December

Date unknown

Nobel Prizes

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://homes.cs.washington.edu/~lazowska/cra/networks.html|title=Computer Communication Networks|work=washington.edu}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.studymode.com/essays/Electronic-Commerce-In-Private-Purchasing-1549362.html|title=Electronic Commerce in Private Purchasing|work=StudyMode}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/01/31/business/company-news-prodigy-sees-quick-growth-from-internet-web-service.html|title=Prodigy Sees Quick Growth From Internet Web Service|date=January 31, 1995|work=The New York Times}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cybertelecom.org/notes/nsfnet.htm|title=Cybertelecom :: NSFNET|work=cybertelecom.org}}
5. ^{{cite web|title=104 miners are crushed to death when an elevator carrying gold miners plunges to the bottom of a Vaal Reef mineshaft near Orkney|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/104-miners-are-crushed-death-when-elevator-carrying-gold-miners-plunges-bottom-vaal-reef|publisher=South African History Online|accessdate=27 August 2014}}
6. ^{{cite web|title=Locomotive crushes 105 gold miners|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/locomotive-crushes-105-gold-miners-1619145.html|work=The Independent|accessdate=27 August 2014}}
7. ^NASA – Solar Eclipses: 1991 – 2000 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013212652/http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/SEcat/SEdecade1991.html|date=October 13, 2007 }}
{{Portal|1990s}}{{DEFAULTSORT:1995}}

1 : 1995

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