“Brian Ferneyhough”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Brian John Peter Ferneyhough ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|f|ɝː|n|i|h|oʊ}};^[1]^[2] born 16 January 1943) is a British composer, who has resided in California, United States since 1987. Ferneyhough is typically considered to be the central figure of the New Complexity movement.^[3]^[4] Ferneyhough taught composition at the Hochschule für Musik Freiburg and the University of California, San Diego, and currently, Stanford University, and is a regular lecturer in the summer courses at Darmstädter Ferienkurse.

Life

Ferneyhough was born in Coventry and received formal musical training at the Birmingham School of Music and the Royal Academy of Music from 1966–67, where he studied with Lennox Berkeley. Ferneyhough was awarded the Mendelssohn Scholarship in 1968 and moved to mainland Europe to study with Ton de Leeuw in Amsterdam, and later with Klaus Huber in Basel.{{Citation needed|date=January 2013}}

Between 1973 and 1986 he taught composition at the Hochschule für Musik Freiburg, Germany.^[5]

The Royan Festival of 1974 saw the premiere of Cassandra's Dream Song, the first of several pieces for solo flute, as well as Missa Brevis, written for 12 singers. In 1975, performances of his work for large ensemble Transit and Time and Motion Study III were given; the former piece being awarded a Koussevitzky prize, the latter performed at the Donaueschingen festival. In many of these events he was paired with fellow British composer, Michael Finnissy, with whom he became friends during his student days.^[6] In 1984 he was given the title Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres.^[7]

Between 1987 and 1999 he was Professor of Music at the University of California, San Diego. His graduate students at UCSD included composers Chaya Czernowin and Mark Applebaum, among many others. In 2000, he became William H. Bonsall Professor in Music at Stanford University. For the 2007–08 academic year, he was Visiting Professor at the Harvard University Department of Music. Between 1978 and 1994 Ferneyhough was a composition lecturer at the Darmstädter Ferienkurse and, since 1990, has directed an annual mastercourse at the Fondation Royaumont in France.

In 2007, Ferneyhough received the Ernst von Siemens Music Prize for lifetime achievement.^[8] In 2009 he was appointed foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music.

In December 2018 he received an honorary degree from the Royal Birmingham Conservatoire for his contribution to contemporary classical music.^[9]

Style and technique

Ferneyhough's initial forays into composition were met with little sympathy in England. His submission of Coloratura to the Society for the Promotion of New Music (SPNM) in 1966 was returned, with a suggestion that the oboe part should be scored for clarinet. Whilst Ferneyhough did find it hard, one source of support came from Hans Swarsenski who saw the same thing happen to Cornelius Cardew; Cardew enjoyed a prestigious continental reputation, but a poor one in his homeland. Swarsenski said of Ferneyhough: 'I've taken on an English composer who is I think is enormously talented. If this doesn't work, this is the last time'. Ferneyhough continued to struggle, but the aforementioned Royan festival marked a breakthrough for Ferneyhough's career.^[10]

From here, Ferneyhough became closely associated with the so-called New Complexity school of composition (indeed, he is often referred to as the "Father of New Complexity"), characterized by its extension of the modernist tendency towards formalization (particularly as in integral serialism).^[3]^[4] Ferneyhough's actual compositional approach, however, rejects serialism and other "generative" methods of composing; he prefers instead to use systems only to create material and formal constraints, while their realisation appears to be more spontaneous.^[11]

His scores make huge technical demands on performers. The compositions have, however, attracted a number of advocates, among them the Arditti Quartet, ELISION Ensemble, the members of the Nieuw Ensemble, Ensemble Contrechamps, Ensemble Exposé, Armand Angster, James Avery, {{ill|Massimiliano Damerini|it||ru|Дамерини, Массимилиано|ja|マッシミリアーノ・ダメリーニ}}, Arne DeForce, Mats Scheidegger, {{ill|Friedrich Gauwerky|de}}, Nicolas Hodges, Mark Knoop, Geoffrey Morris, Ian Pace, Carl Rosman, Harry Sparnaay, and EXAUDI Vocal Ensemble.

His opera, Shadowtime, with a libretto by Charles Bernstein, and based on the life of the German philosopher Walter Benjamin, was premiered in Munich on 25 May 2004, and recorded in 2005 for CD release in 2006. As is usual for Ferneyhough's works, the opera received mixed reviews.^[12]^[13]^[14] In addition, the production was picketed by a group called Militant Esthetix over the treatment of and association with Walter Benjamin, amongst other things.^[15]

Selected works

Works for string quartet

Selected solo works

For non-orchestral ensemble

For orchestra

Opera

Reception

Ferneyhough has been called "the most controversial composer of his generation".^[16] "In the same year [1974], the performance of several of his works at the Royan Festival established Ferneyhough as one of the most brilliant and controversial figures of a new generation of composers".^[17] "Brian Ferneyhough may well be one of the most important composers to emerge from the latter half of this century. Simultaneously famous and infamous, he is a controversial figure of world renown, bent on making the most out of music."^[18]

Bibliography

References

1. ^Matthias Kriesberg "[https://www.nytimes.com/2002/12/08/arts/music-a-music-so-demanding-that-it-sets-you-free.html?pagewanted=1 A Music So Demanding That It Sets You Free]" The New York Times (8 December 2002). "Ferneyhough (pronounced FUR-nee-ho)"
2. ^Pronouncing Dictionary of Music and Musicians {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100505005627/http://iowapublicradio.org/dictionary/F.PDF |date=5 May 2010 }} "FUR-nih-ho"
3. ^¹{{cite web |url=http://www.anniedgordon.com/1/post/2012/11/brian-ferneyhoughs-cassandras-dream-song-1975.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-01-25 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130215131132/http://www.anniedgordon.com/1/post/2012/11/brian-ferneyhoughs-cassandras-dream-song-1975.html |archivedate=15 February 2013 |df=dmy-all }}
4. ^¹{{cite web|url=http://www.artescienza.info/asnew/index.php?option%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D54%3Abrian-ferneyhough%26catid%3D43%3Aautori%26Itemid%3D54%26lang%3Den |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-01-25 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101191354/http://www.artescienza.info/asnew/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=54%3Abrian-ferneyhough&catid=43%3Aautori&Itemid=54&lang=en |archivedate=2013-11-01 |df= }}
5. ^Richard Toop, "Ferneyhough, Brian", Grove Music Online (Updated 22 Oct 2008), edited by Deane Root (accessed 9 September 2012).
6. ^Michael Finnissy, "Biography", Official Michael Finnissy website. Retrieved on 17 February 2009.
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://music.acadiau.ca/shatteringthesilence/nmf2009bio1.htm |title=Acadia New Music Festival: Shattering the Silence |accessdate=20 March 2009 |year=2009 |publisher=Acadia University School of Music }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}{{Failed verification|date=June 2011}}
8. ^Composer Brian Ferneyhough wins 2007 Siemens Music Prize
9. ^https://www.rhinegold.co.uk/classical_music/brian-ferneyhough-receive-honorary-doctorate-royal-birmingham-conservatoire/
10. ^Toop 2002, p. 139
11. ^Richard Toop, "Ferneyhough, Brian", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy (accessed 21 April 2008).
12. ^Andrew Clements, "Friday Review: Opera of the Phantom: Brian Ferneyhough Is the Last Composer You'd Expect to Produce a Stage Work, but the Life—and death, and afterlife—of the Philosopher Walter Benjamin Inspired Him to Write an Opera Like No Other", The Guardian (8 July 2005):11.
13. ^Richard Whitehouse, "Shadowtime", Classical Source (accessed 19 June 2011).
14. ^Gavin Dixon, "Ferneyhough – Chamber works", Musicweb-International.com (accessed 18 June 2011).
15. ^Defend Benjamin Campaign
16. ^"Brian Ferneyhough, Solo Works {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080706125229/http://www.sospeso.com/contents/20022003/ferneyhough_solo.html |date=6 July 2008 }}". The Ensemble Sospeso New York website (accessed 31 May 2011).
17. ^"Brian Ferneyhough, composer {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321020546/http://www.mondayeveningconcerts.org/bios/ferneyhough.html |date=21 March 2012 }}". Monday Evening Concerts website (accessed 31 May 2011).
18. ^Ross Alan Feller, "Multicursal Labyrinths in the Work of Brian Ferneyhough" (DMA dissertation, Urbana-Champaign: University of Illinois, 1994): 1.