| 词条 | John J. DiIulio Jr. |
| 释义 |
| name = John J. DiIulio Jr. | image = | imagesize = | alt = | caption = | fullname = | othernames = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth year and age|1958}} | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | death_cause = | residence = | era = | region = | workplaces = University of Pennsylvania | alma_mater = | thesis_title = | thesis_url = | thesis_year = | doctoral_advisor = | doctoral_students = | notable_students = | school_tradition = | main_interests = Political science | principal_ideas = | major_works = | awards = | influences = | influenced = | website = | footnotes = }} John J. Dilulio Jr. (born 1958) is an American political scientist. He currently serves as the Frederic Fox Leadership Professor of Politics, Religion, and Civil Society and Professor of Political Science at the University of Pennsylvania. CareerIn 1980, DiIulio received a B.A. in Economics and Political Science and an M.A. in Political Science-Public Policy from the University of Pennsylvania. In 1982, he received an M.A. in Political Science from Harvard University, followed by a Ph.D. in Political Science in 1986. After a stint teaching at Harvard, DiIulio then spent thirteen years at Princeton University as a professor of politics and public policy. Since 1999, he has been a professor at the University of Pennsylvania. DiIulio has also been a fellow at the Brookings Institution (1992-2006) and the Manhattan Institute (1995-2000). During an academic leave in 2001, DiIulio served as the first director of the White House Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives under President George W. Bush. He was the first senior Bush advisor to resign and was succeeded by Jim Towey. In a letter written a little over a year after resigning (that later was printed in Esquire), he wrote that while "President Bush is a highly admirable person of enormous personal decency," his governing style allowed certain staffers, referred to as "Mayberry Machiavellis," to "[steer] legislative initiatives or policy proposals as far right as possible." [1] In late 2008 and early 2009, DiIulio consulted with the transition team of President Barack Obama regarding the restructuring of the White House faith-based initiative.[2] DiIulio has authored numerous studies on crime, government, and the relationship between religion and public policy. He is also the co-author of the widely used textbook American Government with James Q. Wilson, which was reviewed by the publisher and the College Board after the discovery of factual inaccuracies and allegations of conservative bias regarding issues such as global warming, school prayer, and gay rights.[3] Among those who criticized the textbook was James E. Hansen, the director of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies, who wrote to the publisher that the book contained "a large number of clearly erroneous statements" which cause "the mistaken impression that the scientific evidence of global warming is doubtful and uncertain."[3] He is also credited with coining, or at least popularizing, the term (and concept of) "superpredators" in reference to juvenile violent crime in the early 1990s.[4] Under this concept DiIulio and co-authors, William J. Bennett and John P. Walters, referred to America's youth as, "radically impulsive, [and] brutally remorseless youngsters..."[5] Under this ideology DiIulio predicted that juvenile crime would triple by the year 2010.[6] This rapidly created a culture of fear of young people. The next few years resulted in a change of juvenile sentencing; which, would lead to many juvenile cases being treated by adult sentencing standards. According to the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Office, from 1994 to 2011, murders committed by juveniles had declined by two-thirds.[7] DiIulio and other researchers had argued that juvenile crime was out of control; however, research showed that juvenile crime began to decline in the early to mid 90s.[6] DiIulio later said that "once it was out there, there was no reeling it in."[8] He was recognized in 2010 with two awards, the Ira Abrams Memorial Award and the Lindback Award for Distinguished Teaching, for excellence in academics and teaching.[9] Selected bibliography
See also
References1. ^{{Cite news |last=Dilulio |first=John |date= 23 May 2007 |title=John Dilulio's letter | work =Esquire |publisher=Hearst Communications, Inc. |url=http://www.esquire.com/features/dilulio |accessdate=6 May 2008 }} 2. ^{{cite news | last = Goodstein | first = Laurie | title = Leaders say Obama has tapped pastor for outreach office | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/29/us/politics/29faith.html?_r=1&sq=dilulio&st=nyt&adxnnl=1&scp=2&adxnnlx=1250247789-cJdLihRQiCS12p/fxhsWJw | work = The New York Times | publisher = The New York Times Company | date = 28 January 2009 }} 3. ^1 {{cite news | author = Associated Press | author-link = Associated Press | title = Student sees political bias in high school text: publisher now says it will review book, as will college board | work = MSNBC | url = http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/24018762/ | date = 8 April 2008 | accessdate = 23 January 2009 }} 4. ^{{cite news | last = Templeton | first = Robin | title = Superscapegoating: teen 'superpredators' hype set stage for draconian legislation | url = http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=1414 | work = Fairness & Accuracy In Reporting (FAIR) | publisher = Fairness & Accuracy In Reporting, Inc. | date = 1 January 1998 | accessdate = 7 January 2010 }} 5. ^{{Cite book|title = Moral Poverty--and how to Win America's War Against Crime and Drugs|last = Bennett, DiIulio, & Walters|first = William J., John J., John P.|publisher = Simon & Schuster|year = |isbn = |location = |pages = }} 6. ^1 {{Cite web| url = http://eji.org/files/10-9647,%2010-9646%20tsac%20Jeffrey%20Fagan,%20et%20al..pdf| title = Supreme Court of the United States| last = | first = | date = | website = | publisher = | access-date = }} 7. ^{{Cite web| url = http://www.ojjdp.gov| title = Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP)| website = www.ojjdp.gov| access-date = 2016-03-02}} 8. ^{{Cite news| url = https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/07/us/politics/killing-on-bus-recalls-superpredator-threat-of-90s.html| title = When Youth Violence Spurred ‘Superpredator’ Fear| last = Haberman| first = Clyde| date = 2014-04-06| newspaper = The New York Times| issn = 0362-4331| access-date = 2016-03-02}} 9. ^{{Cite web| url = https://www.sas.upenn.edu/polisci/people/standing-faculty/john-diiulio| title = John DiIulio {{!}} Political Science Department| website = www.sas.upenn.edu| access-date = 2016-03-02}} External links
| title=Director of the White House Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives | before=none | after=Jim Towey | years=January 30, 2001–August 17, 2001 }}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Dilulio, John}} 9 : The Weekly Standard people|Living people|American political scientists|Haverford School alumni|1958 births|George W. Bush administration personnel|University of Pennsylvania alumni|Princeton University faculty|Harvard University alumni |
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