词条 | Crofton, Maryland | ||||||||||||||
释义 |
}}{{Infobox settlement | name = Crofton, Maryland | official_name = | settlement_type = Census-designated place | image_skyline = Crofton Parkway spring.JPG | imagesize = 300px | image_caption = Crofton Parkway | image_flag = | image_seal = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = Anne_Arundel_County_Maryland_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Crofton_Highlighted.svg | mapsize = 250x200px | map_caption = Location of Crofton, Maryland | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_caption1 = | coordinates = {{coord|39|0|15|N|76|41|18|W|region:US-MD_type:city|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{Flagu|United States|size=23px}} | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_type2 = County | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Maryland|size=23px}} | subdivision_name2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Anne Arundel County, Maryland.png|size=23px}} Anne Arundel | established_title = Founded | established_date = 1964 | government_footnotes = | government_type = Town Hall | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Arjun Cheema | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = | unit_pref = Imperial | area_footnotes = | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = 17.1 | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_km2 = 17.1 | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_km2 = 5.5 | area_water_sq_mi = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 30 | elevation_ft = 98 | population_total = 27348 | population_as_of = 2010 | population_footnotes = [1] | population_density_km2 = 1596.6 | population_density_sq_mi = | postal_code_type = ZIP code | postal_code = 21114 | area_code = 410 | unemployment_rate = | website = | footnotes = | timezone = Eastern (EST) | utc_offset = −5 | timezone_DST = EDT | utc_offset_DST = −4 | blank_name = FIPS code | blank_info = 24-20875 | blank1_name = GNIS feature ID | blank1_info = 0590046 }}Crofton is a census-designated place and planned community in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States, located just west of the state capital Annapolis. Crofton is located {{convert|24|mi|km}} south of Baltimore, {{convert|9.8|mi|km}} west of Annapolis, and {{convert|24|mi|km}} east-northeast of Washington, D.C. The community was established in 1964. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 27,348.[1] HistoryDevelopmentIn 1963, after the Crawford Corporation accumulated over {{convert|1600|acre|abbr=on}} of land, it announced that it would build a new community called Crofton. This new town and planned community was founded at the same time as Reston, Virginia (April 17, 1964) and Columbia, Maryland (1967). Crofton would be anchored by a community golf course, which later became the Crofton Country Club. Crofton was officially founded in the fall of 1964. The company considered picking an English name for the new town that "sounds well and implies that this is a pleasant place to live." It ended up picking the name "Crofton", named after a small township in Cumberland County, England. The English town was originally called Croft-town, derived from the word "Croft", as the town standing upon the Crofts. Originally an exclusive gated community, Crofton's gates were opened and they now only serve as a symbol for the community. "100 Best Places to Live"In July 2007 Crofton was named by Money magazine as one of "100 Best Places to Live" in the United States. Crofton placed 72nd out of 100 cities on the list. It was selected for its relative anonymity while still boasting many major amenities, excellent schools, and sought-after location.[2] Crofton was selected again for the magazine's 2011 list, this time placing 82nd.[3] Crofton pond snakehead fish incidentCrofton was in the national news in late June and early July 2002 after a Northern Snakehead fish was discovered in a local pond.[4][5][6] The infestation was found in water behind the Crofton post office and the adjacent shopping center,[6] across Route 3 from local landmark Lake Louise. The snakehead species is highly aggressive and voracious.[7][8] In order to ensure that the fish were eliminated, in September 2002 the main pond and two nearby ponds were dosed heavily with rotenone[8] and subsequently with potassium permanganate.[9] Six adult snakeheads and more than one thousand juvenile fish were found and destroyed.[9] Ultimately, the incident initiated a national discussion on invasive species.[10][11] One comparison case was the mute swan,[11] also an invasive and destructive species of the Chesapeake Bay watershed but, in comparison, quite beautiful, and which garnered support from some environmental and animal rights groups. Several movies were inspired by this incident. Syfy aired two movies in relation to the snakehead outbreak: in March 2004, a movie called Snakehead Terror was featured, and the movie Frankenfish was aired in June 2004. Ten Pound Films also produced a feature film titled Swarm of the Snakehead which related to this incident. In 2007, a documentary titled Fishzilla: Snakehead Invasion aired on the National Geographic Channel, discussing the ecological damage that the snakeheads found in Crofton have done to surrounding areas.[12] GeographyThe original community of Crofton was built within a triangle formed by three major roads: Crain Highway (Maryland Route 3) to the northwest, Davidsonville Road (Maryland Route 424) to the northeast, and Defense Highway (Maryland Route 450) to the south. Within the triangle, Crofton Parkway, a loop road {{convert|3.5|mi|km}} long, encircles the center of the community. Crofton Parkway is the scene of yearly parades, two of the community's five elementary schools, the Town Hall, Village Green, community events, Crofton Country Club, and walkers, joggers and bikers around the loop. Crofton also has a community pool, the Crofton Swim and Tennis Club (CSTC), which is restricted to those inhabitants of the triangle.{{citation needed|date=February 2013}} The Crofton CDP now extends north and east from the triangle, including Crofton Park and reaching northeast as far as St. Stephens Church Road. The Little Patuxent River borders Crofton on its southwest corner at the intersection of Route 3 and Route 450, providing a buffer between Anne Arundel and Prince Georges counties. According to the United States Census Bureau, the Crofton CDP has a total area of {{convert|17.1|sqkm|order=flip}}, all of it land.[13] ClimateCrofton has a moderate climate with hot, humid summers and, mild to sometimes cold winters. The record low temperature is −11 °F which was recorded on January 27, 1987. The record high temperature is 104 °F which was recorded on August 16, 1997. EducationSchoolsCrofton contains a number of public schools, administered by the Anne Arundel County Public Schools system:
For grades 6–8,[14] students from all four of these elementary schools attend Crofton Middle School in adjacent Gambrills, Maryland.[15] Older students from Crofton attend one of two high schools:[15][22]
However, a new Crofton area high school is being built. Construction started in late 2018[18] and planned occupancy is August 2020 for at least two grades.[19][20] Once this facility opens, students from Crofton Middle School can stay together and attend the same high school. There are also some private preschools in Crofton:
OvercrowdingContinuing construction and BRAC realignments have increased residential and commercial development in Crofton, and schools have become overcrowded.[24] In 2013, a redistricting proposal was approved for Crofton schools[25] to accommodate an increase in students that was not previously planned for. While most current plans address overcrowding in elementary schools, county officials delayed addressing needs at the Middle and High School level.[26] A redistricting committee is being formed in late 2018 to address student assignments related to the opening of the new Crofton area high school, with representatives from the potentially affected schools;[18][20] a redistricting plan for the new high school will be adopted in April 2019.[20] Demographics2010 census dataAs of the 2000 census,[27] there were 20,091 people, 7,404 households, and 5,478 families residing in the Crofton census-designated place. The population density was 3,998.6 people per square mile (1,545.3/km²). There were 7,573 housing units at an average density of 1,507.2 per square mile (582.5/km²). There were 7,404 households out of which 40.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.9% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.0% were non-families. 20.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 3.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.13. In the community the population was spread out with 28.6% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 35.6% from 25 to 44, 23.2% from 45 to 64, and 6.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.2 males. In 2010, Crofton had grown to 27,348,[28] an increase of 36%. The median age remained at 35 years. Of the 10,203 housing units, most were households of families (71.5%) with an average household size of 2.67 people. Census data show an increase in the percentage of minorities living in Crofton. In 2000, the racial makeup of the community was 90.21% White, 5.13% African American, 0.23% Native American, 2.33% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.60% from other races, and 1.44% from two or more races; Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.48% of the population.[27] In the 2010 census, the racial makeup of the community was 79.8% White (−10.4%), 10.3% Black (+5.2%), 4.7% Hispanic (+2.2%), 3.3% two or more races (+1.9%), 4.9% Asian (+2.6%), .1% Native American (+.1%), and 1.4% "some other race".[28] Population historyThe U.S. Census Bureau has recorded the following populations for the Crofton census-designated place.
Earnings dataCrofton has experienced a 33.99% income growth rate since 2000.[47] This exceeds both the Maryland state average rate (30.24%) and the national average rate (19.17%).[32] According to a 2007 estimate,[33] the median income for a household in the area was $93,198, and the median income for a family was $101,644. Males had a median income of $56,819 versus $41,229 for females. The per capita income for the area was $33,518. About 2.0% of families and 2.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.0% of those under age 18 and 2.3% of those age 65 or over. Income has risen since then. Based on the American Community Survey for 2008–2012, median incomes in the area were $104,279 for households and $120,316 for families.[34] The per capita income for the area was $43,452.[34] About 1.9% of families and 3.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.9% of those under age 18 and 3.9% of those age 65 or over.[34] Crime and law enforcementThe area of Crofton is policed by the Crofton Police Department, which was founded in 1969.[35] The department operates under the Anne Arundel County Charter, aided by the Anne Arundel County Police Department and Sheriff's Office as directed by authority.[36] Town Hall is centrally located in the older section of Crofton, at the corner of Crofton Parkway and Duke of Kent Drive. The structure was built as the sales center for the original Crawford development; it was donated to the community in 1973.[55] Town Hall contains offices for the town manager, other Crofton Civic Association (CCA) staff, and the police department.[37] Landmarks
Notable Croftonites{{refimprove section|date=February 2013}}
In popular culture
References1. ^1 {{cite web |title=DP-1 – Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DP_DPDP1&prodType=table |publisher=United States Census Bureau |work=2010 United States Census Summary File 1 |accessdate=September 6, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140305164937/http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DP_DPDP1&prodType=table |archivedate=March 5, 2014 }} 2. ^{{cite web | last =Ashford | first =Kate |author2=Andrea Bartz |author3=Jeff Cox |author4=Asa Fitch |author5=Stephen Gandel |author6=Josh Hyatt |author7=Rob Kelley |author8=Kathleen Knight |author9=Joe Light |author10=Ismat Sarah Mangla |author11=Sarah Max |author12=Jennifer Merritt |author13=Brad Nelson |author14=Donna Rosato |author15=Ingrid Tharasook | title =Best Places to Live: Top 100 | work =Money Magazine | publisher =Money Magazine |date=July 2007 | url =http://money.cnn.com/galleries/2007/moneymag/0707/gallery.BPTL_top_100.moneymag/72.html | accessdate = 2007-09-14}} 3. ^{{cite web | title = Best Places to Live 2011 | work = Money Magazine | publisher = Money Magazine | year = 2011 | url = http://money.cnn.com/magazines/moneymag/bplive/2011/snapshots/PL2420875.html | accessdate = 2011-09-02}} 4. ^{{cite news | url = http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/bal-te.md.snakehead05sep05,0,3940490.story | title = Fish poison applied to pond | date = September 5, 2002 | first = Candus | last = Thomson | work = The Baltimore Sun | publisher = Baltimore Sun Media Group | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140513042827/http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/bal-te.md.snakehead05sep05%2C0%2C3940490.story | archive-date = May 13, 2014 | deadurl = yes | df = }} 5. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/bal-snakehead,0,81794.special | title = Sun coverage: Snakeheads in Md | date = 2014 | work = The Sun | publisher = The Baltimore Sun | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140512221434/http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/bal-snakehead%2C0%2C81794.special | archive-date = May 12, 2014 | deadurl = yes | df = }} 6. ^1 {{cite news | title = Snakehead Hoopla Just a Memory: Anne Arundel Pond Sits Forsaken Two Years Later | first = Joshua | last = Partlow | date = May 23, 2004 | page = C04 | work = Washington Post | url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A48630-2004May22.html | access-date = February 24, 2017}} 7. ^{{citation | url = http://dnr.maryland.gov/fisheries/Documents/snakeheadfactsheetedited.pdf | format = PDF | title = Invasive Species Program: Snakeheads – The Newest Aquatic Invader | date = July 2002 | publisher = U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service | access-date = February 24, 2017}} 8. ^1 {{cite news | url = http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/bal-md.snakehead06sep06,0,2471057.story | title = Hundreds of baby snakeheads hauled away from Crofton ponds | date = September 6, 2002 | first = Candus | last = Thomson | work = The Baltimore Sun | publisher = Baltimore Sun Media Group | access-date = February 23, 2017}} 9. ^1 {{cite news | url = http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/bal-ar.snakehead18sep18,0,5551257.story | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140513041220/http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/bal-ar.snakehead18sep18%2C0%2C5551257.story | archive-date = May 13, 2014 | title = DNR says pond is clear | first = Jackie | last = Powder | date = September 18, 2002 | work = The Baltimore Sun | publisher = Baltimore Sun Media Group | deadurl = yes | df = }} 10. ^{{cite news | url = http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2005-10-20/news/0510200060_1_exotic-species-plant-species-invasive-species | title = Maryland's least wanted: A few voracious, invasive plant and animal species threaten to crowd out state's native life forms | date = October 20, 2005 | first = Tom | last = Pelton | work = The Baltimore Sun | access-date = February 24, 2017}} 11. ^1 {{cite episode | title = Scientists Prowl to Destroy Mute Swan Eggs | date = April 30, 2007 | people = John Nielsen | series = All Things Considered | medium = radio | url = https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=9923886&ft=1&f=1001 | publisher = National Public Radio (NPR)| access-date = February 24, 2017}} 12. ^{{IMDb title|1188202|Fishzilla: Snakehead Invasion}} 13. ^{{cite web| url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US2420875| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Crofton CDP, Maryland| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| accessdate=May 30, 2013}} 14. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.aacps.org/html/schol/Middle/Croftms.asp | title = Crofton Middle School | work = Anne Arundel County Public Schools | publisher = AACPS Board of Education | access-date = February 23, 2017}} 15. ^1 {{cite web | url = http://www.aacps.org/planning/feeders.asp | title = Planning Office: School Feeder System| work = Anne Arundel County Public Schools | publisher = AACPS Board of Education | access-date = February 23, 2017}} 16. ^{{citation | url = http://www.aacps.org/planning/ArundelFeeder.pdf | title = Arundel Feeder System | format = PDF | year = 2015 | publisher = Anne Arundel County Public Schools | access-date = February 23, 2017}} 17. ^{{citation | url = http://www.aacps.org/planning/SouthRiverFeeder.pdf | title = South River Feeder System | format = PDF | year = 2015 | publisher = Anne Arundel County Public Schools | access-date = February 23, 2017}} 18. ^1 {{cite news | url = http://www.capitalgazette.com/news/schools/ac-cn-crofton-high-school-redistricting-0827-story.html | title = Which students will go to the new Crofton high school? A redistricting committee is looking into it | first = Christina | last = Jedra | date = August 26, 2018 | work = Crofton Gazette | publisher = | access-date = September 6, 2018}} 19. ^{{citation | url = http://www.aacps.org/admin/articlefiles/299-csr.pdf | format = PDF | title = Construction Status Report (CSR 201610) | date = October 2016 | publisher = Anne Arundel County Schools | page = 5 | access-date = February 23, 2017}} 20. ^1 2 {{cite news | url = https://patch.com/maryland/crofton/crofton-high-school-will-only-hold-2-grades-first-year | title = Crofton High School Will Only Hold 2 Grades In First Year: Crofton Area High School will only house two grades when it first opens in 2020, school leaders say. | first = Deb | last = Belt | date = August 24, 2018 | work = Crofton Patch | publisher = Patch Media | access-date = October 30, 2018}} 21. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.croftonday.org/enrollment.html | title = Enrollment | publisher = Crofton Day School | accessdate = 13 January 2014 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140113142830/http://www.croftonday.org/enrollment.html | archivedate = 13 January 2014 | df = }} 22. ^{{cite web | url = http://croftonnurseryschool.com/ | title = Welcome | publisher = Crofton Nursery School | accessdate = 13 January 2013}} 23. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.creativegardenschools.com/Crofton.html | title = Creative Garden Nursery School and Kindergarten- Crofton has enriched the lives of children since September 1968! | publisher = Creative Garden Schools | year = 2014 | accessdate = 13 January 2014 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140113172750/http://www.creativegardenschools.com/Crofton.html | archivedate = 13 January 2014 | df = }} 24. ^{{cite news | url = http://odenton.patch.com/groups/schools/p/crofton-school-redistricting-by-the-numbers | title = Crofton School Redistricting, by the Numbers | first = Tim | last = Lemke | date = 25 September 2012 | publisher = Odenton-Severn Patch | accessdate = 13 January 2014}} 25. ^{{cite news | url = http://www.arundelvoice.com/school-youth/board-ed-approves-crofton-redistricting-proposal#.UlkWABBQBiI | title = Board Of Ed Approves Crofton Redistricting Proposal | first = Peter | last = Crispino | date = 9 April 2013 | newspaper = Arundel Voice}} 26. ^1 {{cite news | url = http://odenton.patch.com/groups/schools/p/talk-of-a-crofton-high-school-resurfaces-again | title = A Path to a Crofton High School: A top school official said he envisions a scenario under which a new high school in Crofton will be needed sooner rather than later | first = Tim | last = Lemke | date = 26 September 2012 | publisher = Odenton-Severn Patch}} 27. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2008-01-31 |title=American FactFinder |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov/ |archivedate=September 11, 2013 |df= }} 28. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=CF | title = DP-1, Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010, 2010 Demographic Profile Data | work = American FactFinder | publisher = United States Census Bureau | date = 2010 | access-date = February 24, 2017}} 29. ^1 {{cite book | url = http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1970a_md-01.pdf | chapter = Table 6. 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Facebook. 45. ^{{cite web|url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2013-06-10/news/bs-md-snowden-profile-20130610_1_anne-arundel-county-arundel-high-the-guardian|title=Details about Edward Snowden's life in Maryland emerge|publisher=|accessdate=30 November 2017}} 46. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.springfieldspringfield.co.uk/view_episode_scripts.php?tv-show=the-blacklist&episode=s01e19|title=The Blacklist s01e19 Episode Script – SS|website=Springfield! Springfield!|accessdate=30 November 2017}} 47. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3331420/trivia|title="Person of Interest" Lethe (TV Episode 2013)|publisher=|accessdate=30 November 2017|via=www.imdb.com}} Sources
External links
5 : Populated places established in 1964|Census-designated places in Maryland|Census-designated places in Anne Arundel County, Maryland|Planned cities in the United States|1964 establishments in Maryland |
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