| 词条 | Elgin, Oregon |
| 释义 |
|official_name = Elgin, Oregon |settlement_type = City |nickname = Jewel of the Blue Mountains |motto = |image_skyline = Elgin Opera House.jpg |imagesize = 300px |image_caption = Elgin Opera House |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Union_County_Oregon_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Elgin_Highlighted.svg |mapsize = 250x200px |map_caption = Location in Oregon |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = United States |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = Oregon |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Union |government_type = |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Allan Duffy |established_title = Incorporated |established_date = 1891 |area_magnitude = |area_total_sq_mi = 0.99 |area_footnotes = [1] |area_total_km2 = 2.56 |area_land_sq_mi = 0.99 |area_land_km2 = 2.56 |area_water_sq_mi = 0 |area_water_km2 = 0 |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |population_footnotes = [2] |population_as_of = 2010 |population_est = 1718 |pop_est_as_of = 2012[1] |population_note = |population_total = 1711 |population_metro = |population_urban = |population_density_km2 = 667.3 |population_density_sq_mi = 1728.3 |timezone = Pacific |utc_offset = -8 |timezone_DST = Pacific |utc_offset_DST = -7 |coordinates = {{coord|45|33|56|N|117|55|16|W|type:city(1685)_region:US-OR_source:gnis-1141733_scale:250000_elevation:828|display=inline,title}} |elevation_ft = 2670 |website = www.cityofelginor.org |postal_code_type = ZIP code |postal_code = 97827 |area_code = 541 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 41-22550[2] |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 1141733[2] |footnotes = }} Elgin is a city in Union County, Oregon, United States. The population was 1,711 at the 2010 census. The community is named after the Lady Elgin, a ship lost on Lake Michigan. The city is known for the Elgin Opera House, originally dedicated in 1912.[3] HistoryElgin was settled by hunters, trappers, and people of all ethnic groups. Very rarely did they make the treacherous travels from nearby LaGrande, because it was 120 miles away by river through the valley, which back then was covered in thick forest. (Today, LaGrande and Elgin are only 20 miles away via Wallowa Lake Highway). Elgin was the gathering place for trappers and hunters to replenish their supplies. This is how Elgin became the "Elgin Huskies". Many settlers emigrated from Walla Walla across the mountains on dog sleds. Mr. Mckinnis and his family were the first settlers. He brought cattle from Illinois and moved to what was the outskirts of Elgin, and built one of the first homes. Even though his home is not set in the history in Elgin there is a letter from his wife's sister attesting to this fact. Mr. McKinnis built the mills from Elgin to Lagrande and also owned all the century farms in the valley passing them down to his kin in death. He also worked in the first bank in Elgin before they moved to LaGrande. Mr. McKinnis stated that this home was built in 1864. The area of Elgin was previously called "Fish Trap" and "Indian Valley." The city was platted in 1886 following the washout of Ruckles Road over the Blue Mountains, which caused investors to leave nearby Summerville for Elgin.[4] By 1887 Elgin had general stores, a livery, a hotel, and a church, as well as a nearby sawmill, which continues as a more modern Boise Cascade mill.[5] Between 1887 and 1908, the area around Elgin had 35 sawmills, most transportable water-driven whipsaws (vertical reciprocating saws).[6] Local landowners would sell the trees for 50 cents per thousand board feet, which is about how much the sawmills could handle in a day.[6] At the time, log transportation cost about two dollars per thousand board feet, and a mill could sell the processed lumber for $6–10 per thousand board feet.[6] Growth increased with the arrival of the railroad in 1890, and Elgin was incorporated by the Oregon Legislative Assembly on February 18, 1891.[7] GeographyAccording to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|0.99|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all of it land.[8] Elgin is at the junction of Oregon Route 82 and Oregon Route 204. Jubilee Lake and its campground are {{convert|19|mi|km}} north of Elgin, in the Umatilla National Forest.[9][10] ClimateThis region experiences warm (but not hot) and dry summers, with no average monthly temperatures above {{convert|71.6|F|C}}. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Elgin has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csb" on climate maps.[11] {{Weather box|location = Elgin |single line = Y | Jan record high F = 65 | Feb record high F = 68 | Mar record high F = 78 | Apr record high F = 91 | May record high F = 98 | Jun record high F = 101 | Jul record high F = 108 | Aug record high F = 110 | Sep record high F = 103 | Oct record high F = 92 | Nov record high F = 73 | Dec record high F = 64 | year record high F = 110 | Jan high F = 38.1 | Feb high F = 44.1 | Mar high F = 51.8 | Apr high F = 60.6 | May high F = 69.3 | Jun high F = 76.6 | Jul high F = 87.1 | Aug high F = 86.9 | Sep high F = 78.1 | Oct high F = 64.4 | Nov high F = 47.6 | Dec high F = 39.7 | year high F = 62 | Jan low F = 21.7 | Feb low F = 24.6 | Mar low F = 28.1 | Apr low F = 32.5 | May low F = 38 | Jun low F = 43.4 | Jul low F = 46.4 | Aug low F = 44.7 | Sep low F = 37.9 | Oct low F = 31.7 | Nov low F = 27.6 | Dec low F = 23.7 | year low F = 33.4 | Jan record low F = -27 | Feb record low F = -26 | Mar record low F = -17 | Apr record low F = 11 | May record low F = 17 | Jun record low F = 26 | Jul record low F = 29 | Aug record low F = 25 | Sep record low F = 19 | Oct record low F = 8 | Nov record low F = -24 | Dec record low F = -31 | year record low F = -31 | precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation inch = 2.95 | Feb precipitation inch = 2.5 | Mar precipitation inch = 2.18 | Apr precipitation inch = 1.79 | May precipitation inch = 1.89 | Jun precipitation inch = 1.6 | Jul precipitation inch = 0.65 | Aug precipitation inch = 0.72 | Sep precipitation inch = 1 | Oct precipitation inch = 1.86 | Nov precipitation inch = 3.12 | Dec precipitation inch = 3.37 | year precipitation inch = 23.63 | Jan precipitation days = 13 | Feb precipitation days = 12 | Mar precipitation days = 13 | Apr precipitation days = 11 | May precipitation days = 10 | Jun precipitation days = 9 | Jul precipitation days = 4 | Aug precipitation days = 5 | Sep precipitation days = 6 | Oct precipitation days = 9 | Nov precipitation days = 13 | Dec precipitation days = 13 | Jan snow inch = 14.8 | Feb snow inch = 7.4 | Mar snow inch = 3.2 | Apr snow inch = 0.5 | May snow inch = 0 | Jun snow inch = 0 | Jul snow inch = 0 | Aug snow inch = 0 | Sep snow inch = 0 | Oct snow inch = 0.1 | Nov snow inch = 4.6 | Dec snow inch = 11.3 | year snow inch = 41.9 |source 1 = [12] |date=November 2015 }} Demographics{{US Census population|1890= 227 |1900= 603 |1910= 1120 |1920= 1043 |1930= 728 |1940= 997 |1950= 1223 |1960= 1315 |1970= 1375 |1980= 1701 |1990= 1586 |2000= 1654 |2010= 1711 |estyear=2016 |estimate=1756 |estref=[13] |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[14] }} 2010 censusAs of the census of 2010, there were 1,711 people, 714 households, and 482 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1728.3|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 778 housing units at an average density of {{convert|785.9|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 95.3% White, 0.2% African American, 1.3% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.6% Pacific Islander, 1.2% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.3% of the population.[15] There were 714 households of which 31.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 32.5% were non-families. 27.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.85.[15] The median age in the city was 43.9 years. 24.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.9% were from 25 to 44; 30.4% were from 45 to 64; and 17.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 51.4% male and 48.6% female.[15] 2000 censusAs of the census of 2000, there were 1,654 people, 638 households, and 444 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,675.9 people per square mile (645.1/km²). There were 699 housing units at an average density of 708.3 per square mile (272.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 97.16% White, 0.06% African American, 0.73% Native American, 0.06% Asian, 0.36% Pacific Islander, 1.03% from other races, and 0.60% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.33% of the population.[15] There were 638 households out of which 31.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.5% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.4% were non-families. 23.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.06.[15] In the city, the population was spread out with 28.4% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 25.2% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 15.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.3 males.[15] The median income for a household in the city was $31,449, and the median income for a family was $35,529. Males had a median income of $31,250 versus $17,500 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,861. About 8.8% of families and 14.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.5% of those under age 18 and 9.3% of those age 65 or over.[15] Notable people
References1. ^{{cite web |title=Population Estimates |url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2013-06-02 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6HQu4Spqa?url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html |archivedate=2013-06-17 |df= }} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=2007-10-25}} 3. ^{{Oregon Encyclopedia|elgin_opera_house|Elgin Opera House|Joe Fitzgibbon}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Bailey|first=Barbara Ruth|title=Main Street: Northeastern Oregon|publisher=Oregon Historical Society|year=1982|isbn=0-87595-073-6|page=87}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Bailey|first=Barbara Ruth|title=Main Street: Northeastern Oregon|publisher=Oregon Historical Society|year=1982|isbn=0-87595-073-6|page=106}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite book|last=Deumling|first=Dietrich|title=The roles of the railroad in the development of the Grande Ronde Valley (masters thesis)|publisher=Northern Arizona University|location=Flagstaff, Arizona|date=May 1972|oclc=4383986|page=61}} 7. ^{{cite journal|last=Baker|first=Frank C.|year=1891|title=Special Laws|journal=The Laws of Oregon, and the Resolutions and Memorials of the Sixteenth Regular Session of the Legislative Assembly Thereof|publisher=State Printer|location=Salem, Oregon|page=774|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yr2wAAAAIAAJ&dq=oregon%20legislature%20hillsboro%20incorporation&pg=PA774}} 8. ^1 {{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2012-12-21 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/64vfLAeJ2?url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=2012-01-24 |df= }} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/umatilla/recreation/camping-cabins/recarea/?recid=56973&actid=31|title=Jubilee Lake Campground|publisher=U.S. Forest Service|accessdate=April 12, 2013}} 10. ^{{cite map|publisher=U.S. Geological Survey|title=The National Map|series=National Hydrography Dataset|url=http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/?p=default&b=base1&q=jubilee%20lake%2C%20oregon&x=-13131333.872229094&y=5747272.948822515&l=10&v=|accessdate=April 12, 2013}} 11. ^Climate Summary for Elgin, Oregon 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?or2597 |title=ELGIN, OR (352597) |accessdate=November 23, 2015 |publisher=Western Regional Climate Center }} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|archivedate=May 12, 2015|df=}} 15. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2012-12-21}} External links{{commons category}}
3 : Cities in Oregon|Cities in Union County, Oregon|1886 establishments in Oregon |
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