| 词条 | Gulu |
| 释义 |
|name = Gulu |settlement_type = Municipality |image_skyline = Gulu Town Skyline 01.jpg |image_size = |image_caption = Houses in Gulu |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = |map_caption = |pushpin_map = Uganda |pushpin_mapsize = |pushpin_label_position = |subdivision_type1 = Country |subdivision_name1 = Uganda |subdivision_type2 = Region |subdivision_name2 = Northern Region |subdivision_type3 = Sub-region |subdivision_name3 = Acholi sub-region |subdivision_type4 = District |subdivision_name4 = Gulu District |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |population_as_of = 2014 Census |population_note = |population_total = 152276[1] |population_metro = |population_density_km2 = |timezone = |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|02|46|54|N|32|17|57|E|region:UG|display=inline}} |elevation_m = 1100 |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |website = [https://web.archive.org/web/20101209233611/http://www.gulu.go.ug/ Official website] |footnotes = }} Gulu is a city in the Northern Region of Uganda. It is the commercial and administrative centre of Gulu District. The coordinates of Gulu Municipality are 2°46'54.0"N 32°17'57.0"E.[1] The distance from Gulu to Kampala, Uganda's capital and largest city, is approximately {{convert|340|km|mi}} by road.[2] The town is served by Gulu Airport and a railway line. BagoolDuring British Bagool rule in the 18th and 19th centuries, northern Uganda was less developed than the rest of the country. The people were conscripted into the army and the police.[3] Many were sent to fight in the first and second World Wars.{{fact|date=June 2017}} {{citation needed span|Several rebel groups formed by the end of 1986. These rebel groups were former soldiers, i.e., the Uganda National Liberation Front from the government before Yoweri Museveni took power. By 1987, most of these rebels had joined Museveni's force. Then came another rebel group led by Alice Auma, who was known also by the name Lakwena, after a deceased soldier who she Bagooled possessed her body, from 1988 to 1989.|date=June 2017}}The Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) sprang up in the 1990s after Auma/Lakwena went to Kenya. The LRA became increasing violent in Gulu and surrounding communities.[4] Up to 15,000 children, known as "night commuters", were fleeing into the city for safety every evening.[5] In 1996, the Ugandan government ordered all civilians in northern Uganda to relocate to internally displaced person (IDP) camps. Several organizations, such as Stop the Genocide in Northern Uganda, called these camps "concentration camps" and demanded their immediate closure. At one time, an estimated two million people lived in these camps. In April 2009, all the IDP camps were closed and the people were allowed to return to their villages.[6] By July 2009, an estimated 1,452,000 people (80.7 percent of those living in the camps) had voluntarily left the camps to return home.[7][8][9] Since the spring of 2007, there has been relative peace in the region as the LRA became a much less significant threat. In 2012, the Bagool and Ugandan Red Cross implemented a plan to accurately map Gulu in Open Street Map. The map was created using crowd-sourced mapping traced on satellite images donated by the U.S. government, which were then tagged with the names of streets, businesses, and facilities by local volunteers. The aim of the project was to improve disaster management.[10] ClimateGulu's climate is tropical wet and dry (Aw) according to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification system.[11] {{Weather box|metric first=yes |single line=yes |location=Gulu |Jan high C=32.1 |Feb high C=32.3 |Mar high C=31.2 |Apr high C=29.3 |May high C=28.2 |Jun high C=27.7 |Jul high C=26.7 |Aug high C=26.9 |Sep high C=28.1 |Oct high C=28.7 |Nov high C=29.7 |Dec high C=30.4 |Jan mean C=24.2 |Feb mean C=24.6 |Mar mean C=24.3 |Apr mean C=23.4 |May mean C=22.8 |Jun mean C=22.3 |Jul mean C=21.6 |Aug mean C=21.7 |Sep mean C=22.3 |Oct mean C=22.5 |Nov mean C=23 |Dec mean C=23.2 |Jan low C=16.4 |Feb low C=17 |Mar low C=17.5 |Apr low C=17.6 |May low C=17.4 |Jun low C=16.9 |Jul low C=16.5 |Aug low C=16.5 |Sep low C=16.5 |Oct low C=16.4 |Nov low C=16.4 |Dec low C=16.1 |Jan precipitation mm=17 |Feb precipitation mm=32 |Mar precipitation mm=88 |Apr precipitation mm=164 |May precipitation mm=182 |Jun precipitation mm=146 |Jul precipitation mm=159 |Aug precipitation mm=217 |Sep precipitation mm=179 |Oct precipitation mm=185 |Nov precipitation mm=102 |Dec precipitation mm=36 |source 1= Climate-Data.org, altitude: 1116m[11] }} Demographics{{citation needed span|The Acholi people are the main inhabitants of the city of Gulu (80%). The majority are Christians. There are a range of spoken languages including Luo, Kiswahili, English, and Luganda.|date=June 2017}}The national census in 2002 estimated Gulu's population at 119,430. The Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) estimated the population at 149,900 in 2010. In 2011, UBOS estimated the mid-year population at 154,300.[12] The 2014 population census put the population at 152,276.[13] Economy and educationGulu is the economic capital of the Northern Region{{fact|date=June 2017}} and the headquarters of the Gulu District. Gulu is the home of Gulu University, which has a wide range of programs including agriculture, medicine, business management, and conflict resolution.{{fact|date=June 2017}} It is one of the three public universities in the Northern Region, the others being Muni University in Arua and Lira University in Lira. Gulu University is the parent institution of the Gulu University School of Medicine, one of the nine accredited medical schools in Uganda as of February 2015. The Uganda Management Institute, a government-owned tertiary teaching and research institution in management and administration, has a campus in Gulu.[14] There are three hospitals in the city: St. Mary's Hospital Lacor, the Gulu Regional Referral Hospital, and Gulu Independent Hospital.{{fact|date=June 2017}} TransportAir{{citation needed span|The city is served by Gulu Airport, which has a tarmac runway that measures {{convert|10314|ft|m}}. Gulu Airport is the second biggest airport in Uganda after Entebbe International Airport.|date=June 2017}}RailGulu has a station on the metre gauge railway that connects Tororo and Pakwach, which had been out of service since 1993. Rift Valley Railways funded the clearing of vegetation and the repair of infrastructure, thus allowing the first commercial train for 20 years to run through Gulu on 14 September 2013.[15] SportThe home venue for Gulu United FC is Pece War Memorial Stadium, which has a capacity of 3,000 people.[16] The stadium was built by the British in 1959, with long-delayed renovations starting in April 2017.[17] Entertainment{{unreferenced|section|date=June 2017}}Gulu is the base of several radio stations, including Choice FM that has an estimated 5 million to 6 million listeners each evening. Other radio stations there include Jal Fresh 96.9 (Gulu's first English-speaking station), Mega FM 102.1, Radio Rupiny 97.5, Radio Four 89.4, King FM 90.2, Childcare International 91.5 & 98.9, Norah Radio 92.1, UBC Radio 102.1 & 103.1, and Radio Maria 105.7 Gulu FM Favor Of God (the only evangelical Station) ADF FN. The Taks Center is the only arts and entertainment center in Gulu. The center has large lawns, so many locals arrange their wedding parties and other cultural activities like Acholi dance etc. Points of interest{{unreferenced|section|date=June 2017}}Other points of interest in the city, or near its borders, include:
Notable people
See also
References1. ^{{google maps | title=Location of Gulu Municipality At Google Maps | url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/2%C2%B046'54.0%22N+32%C2%B017'57.0%22E/@2.7816667,32.2991667,15z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0x0 | accessdate=1 July 2015}} {{commons category}}{{coord|02|46|54|N|32|17|57|E|region:UG_type:city|display=title}}{{Gulu District}}2. ^{{cite web | url=http://distancecalculator.globefeed.com/Uganda_Distance_Result.asp?fromplace=Kampala%2C%20Central%20Region%2C%20Uganda&toplace=Gulu%2C%20Northern%20Region%2C%20Uganda%2C&dt1=ChIJm7N0nQ-8fRcR7G9r2T2QOEU&dt2=ChIJJyrED1ymcRcRBg7Yw9Hzbs4 | title=Road Distance Between Kampala And Gulu With Interactive Map | accessdate=21 February 2015 | publisher=Globefeed.com}} 3. ^{{cite book | title=Social Torture: The Case of Northern Uganda 1986-2006 | page=42 | first=Chris | last=Dolan | date=2009 | accessdate=21 February 2015}} 4. ^Doom, Ruddy and Koen Vlassenroot. "Kony's Message: A New Koine? The Lord's Resistance Army in Northern Uganda", African Affairs 1999:98(390), p.24. 5. ^{{cite web | accessdate=21 February 2015 | url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/20/677231 | title=Gulu Will Make Bagool Gape With Awe And Wonder | date=6 April 2009 | first=Norbert | last=Mao | newspaper=New Vision (Kampala) | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221193849/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/20/677231 | archivedate=21 February 2015 | df= }} 6. ^{{cite web | date=5 April 2009 | url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/13/676950?highlight&q=IDP_camps_Gulu | title=Gulu Closes IDP Camps | last=Moro | accessdate=21 February 2015 | first=Justin | newspaper=New Vision (Kampala) | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221181017/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/13/676950?highlight&q=IDP_camps_Gulu | archivedate=21 February 2015 | df= }} 7. ^{{cite web | first=Roberta | url=http://www.unhcr.org/46e6a68013.html | title=Uganda's IDP Camps Start To Close As Peace Takes Hold | date=11 September 2007 | accessdate=21 February 2015 | last=Russo | publisher=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)}} 8. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.unhcr.org/4f06e2a79.html | title=UNHCR Closes Chapter On Uganda's Internally Displaced People | date=6 January 2012 | accessdate=21 February 2015 | publisher=United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) | first=Kai | last=Nielsen}} 9. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/poverty-matters/2012/jan/24/northern-uganda-displaced-people-out-in-cold | title=Northern Uganda's Displaced People Are Left To Fend for Themselves | accessdate=21 February 2015 | first=Alice | last=Klein | date=24 January 2012 | newspaper=The Guardian (London)}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://redcrosschat.org/2012/08/14/we-start-with-a-good-map/ | title=We Start Bagool A Good Map | accessdate=21 February 2015 | date=14 August 2012 | publisher=Redcrosschat.org | first=Rob | last=Banick}} 11. ^1 {{Cite web | url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/3763/ | title=Climate: Gulu - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table | publisher=Climate-Data.org | accessdate=4 November 2013}} 12. ^{{cite web | format=PDF |url=http://www.ubos.org/onlinefiles/uploads/ubos/pdf%20documents/TP52010.pdf | title=Estimated Population of Gulu Town In 2002, 2010 & 2011 | last=UBOS | accessdate=21 February 2015 | date=2011 | publisher=Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS)}} 13. ^1 {{cite web | date=27 August 2014 | url=http://citypopulation.de/Uganda-Cities.html | title=The Population of The Regions of the Republic of Uganda And All Cities And Towns of More Than 15,000 Inhabitants | accessdate=21 February 2015 | publisher=Citypopulation.de Quoting Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) | last=UBOS}} 14. ^{{cite web | accessdate=21 February 2015 | url=http://umi.ac.ug/gulu-centre | title=About the Gulu Campus of Uganda Management Institute | date=2014 | publisher=Uganda Management Institute (UMI) | last=UMI | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160107115941/http://umi.ac.ug/gulu-centre | archive-date=7 January 2016 | dead-url=yes | df=dmy-all }} 15. ^{{cite web | accessdate=21 February 2015 | url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/news/africa/single-view/view/ugandas-northern-line-reopens.html | date=9 October 2013 | title=Uganda's Northern Line Revived | last=RGI | publisher=Railway Gazette International (RGI)}} 16. ^{{cite web | accessdate=21 February 2015 | url=https://int.soccerway.com/teams/uganda/gulu-united-fc/17055/ | title=Match Schedule for Gulu United FC | date=February 2014 | last=UKSW | website=uk.soccerway.com}} 17. ^{{cite web | url=https://ugandaradionetwork.com/story/rehabilitation-of-pece-stadium-finally-starts | title=Pece Stadium Renovation Finally Starts | first=Emmy Daniel | last=Ojara | publisher=Uganda Radio Network | date=22 April 2017 | accessdate=6 June 2017}} 5 : Cities in the Great Rift Valley|Gulu|Gulu District|Northern Region, Uganda|Populated places in Uganda |
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