| 词条 | Hendrik Klopper |
| 释义 |
|name= Hendrik Balzazar Klopper |image= MajGenHBKlopper.JPG |image_size= |alt= |caption= Major General Hendrik Klopper in June 1942 |nickname= |birth_date= {{Birth date|df=yes|1903|09|25}} |birth_place= |death_date= {{Death date and age|df=yes|1977|12|30|1903|09|25}} |death_place= |placeofburial= |allegiance= South Africa |branch= South African Army |serviceyears= 1924–1958 |rank= General |servicenumber= |unit= |commands= Commandant General of the Union Defence Force (1956–58) Army Chief of Staff (1950–53) Northern Command (1945–50) South African Army College (1944–45) 2nd Infantry Division (1942) 3rd Infantry Brigade (1942) 1 Special Service Battalion (1938–39) |battles= Second World War
|awards= Distinguished Service Order |relations= |laterwork= }} General Hendrik Balzazar Klopper, {{postnominals|country=ZAR|size=100|DSO}} (25 September 1903 – 31 December 1977)[1] was a South African military commander. He commanded the 3rd Infantry Brigade and 2nd Infantry Division during the Western Desert Campaign of the Second World War, was Army Chief of Staff from 1950 to 1953, and Commandant General of the Union Defence Force from 1956 until his retirement in 1958. Military careerKlopper joined the South African Army in 1924. During the Second World War, he commanded the 3rd Infantry Brigade in the North African Campaign,[2] for which he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order.[3] He then briefly commanded 2nd Infantry Division. As fortress commander, Klopper was forced to surrender Tobruk and its garrison to Axis forces on 21 June 1942. He escaped from captivity in 1943 and was officially exonerated for the Tobruk disaster. Klopper was Officer Commanding the South African Army College from 1944 to 1945, before being appointed in command of Northern Command in 1945.[4] Klopper served as Army Chief of Staff from 1951 to 1953, as Inspector-General from 1953 to 1956, and as Commandant General of the Union Defence Force from 1956 to 1958. Though never officially confirmed, seem like that{{Clarify|date=December 2018}} Klopper had a historical confrontation with General Erwin Rommel during World War 2 following his surrender after the Battle of Tobruk. In said confrontation, after his surrender Klopper, in accordance with the wishes of his subordinate South African officers, demanded Rommel to be held in different section of the prison camp, divided from the black soldiers of his command. Rommel answer was brief: "To me all soldiers are equal. The blacks dress your own uniform, they have fought on your side and so you will be held in same camp." [5]{{Rp|94}}[6]References1. ^{{cite web|title=KLOPPER H.B. 1903–1977|url=http://www.eggsa.org/library/main.php?g2_itemId=926920|website=eGGSA Library|publisher=The Genealogical Society of South Africa:eGGSA Branch|accessdate=3 October 2014|date=24 February 2003}} {{s-start}}{{s-mil}}{{s-bef|before=Christiaan du Toit}}{{s-ttl|title=Commandant General of the Union Defence Force|years=1956–1958}}{{s-aft|after=Stephen Melville}}2. ^{{cite web|title=The Generals of WWII: Klopper, Hendrik Balzazer|url=http://www.generals.dk/general/Klopper/Hendrik_Balzazer/South_Africa.html|website=generals.dk|accessdate=3 October 2014}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=The London Gazette, Issue 35697, page 3948|url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/35697/page/3948|website=The Gazette|publisher=The London Gazette|accessdate=3 October 2014|date=8 September 1942}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Uys|first=Ian|title=South African Military Who's Who 1452–1992|year=1992|publisher=Fortress Publishers|isbn=0-9583173-3-X}} 5. ^{{cite journal|last1=Nöthling|first1=C.J.|last2=Meyers|first2=E.M.|title=LEIERS DEUR DIE JARE (1912–1982)|journal=Scientia Militaria – South African Journal of Military Studies|date=1982|volume=12|issue=2|doi=10.5787/12-2-631|url=http://scientiamilitaria.journals.ac.za/pub/article/view/631|issn=2224-0020|language=Afrikaans|format=Online|accessdate=2 January 2015|pages=89–98}} 6. ^{{cite web|last1=Englebrecht|first1=Leon|title=Fact file: Chiefs of the SA Army|url=http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=667&catid=50:Land&Itemid=105|website=DefenceWeb.co.za|publisher=DefenceWeb|accessdate=3 October 2014|date=10 November 2008}} |-{{s-new|reason=Retitled from Director-General of Land Forces}}{{s-ttl|title=Army Chief of Staff|years=1951–1953}}{{s-aft|after=Pieter Grobbelaar}} |-{{s-bef|before=Christiaan du Toit}}{{s-ttl|title=Director-General of Land Forces|years=1950–1951}}{{s-non|reason=Retitled Army Chief of Staff}} |-{{s-bef|before=Jock Kriegler}}{{s-ttl|title=Officer Commanding South African Army College|years=1944–1945}}{{s-aft|after=SJ Joubert}} |-{{s-bef|before=JR Wocke}}{{s-ttl|title=Commanding Officer 1 Special Service Battalion|years=1938–1939}}{{s-aft|after=Pik van Noorden}}{{s-end}}{{SA Defence Chiefs}}{{SA Army Chiefs}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Klopper, Hendrik}} 9 : 1902 births|1978 deaths|Afrikaner people|Chiefs of the South African Army|Companions of the Distinguished Service Order|South African military personnel of World War II|South African prisoners of war|White South African people|World War II prisoners of war held by Germany |
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