| 词条 | Asilah |
| 释义 |
|name = Asilah |other_name = Aẓila / ⴰⵥⵉⵍⴰ / أزيلا / أصيلا |native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type = |motto = |image_skyline = {{Photomontage | photo1a = Assilah Waterfront2.jpg | photo2a = Assilah Fort.JPG | photo2b = Assilah Waterfront1.jpg | photo3a = Assilah 12.jpg | photo3b = Assilah 10.jpg | photo4a = Medina of Asilah.jpg | size = 275 | spacing = 2 | color = transparent | border = 0 }} |image_caption = Asilah waterfront |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |pushpin_map = Morocco |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_mapsize =250 |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Morocco |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{flag|Morocco}} |subdivision_type1 = Region |subdivision_name1 = Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima |subdivision_type2 =Province |subdivision_name2 = |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = | |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref =Imperial |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |population_as_of = 2014 |population_footnotes = [1] |population_note = |population_total = 31,147 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title = |population_blank1 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |coordinates = {{coord|35|28|N|6|2|W|region:MA|display=inline,title}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} Asilah ({{lang-ar|أزيلا or أصيلا}}; Berber:{{nbsp}}{{lang|ber|ⴰⵥⵉⵍⴰ}}, Aẓila; {{lang-pt|Arzila}}) is a fortified town on the northwest tip of the Atlantic coast of Morocco, about {{convert|31|km|mi|abbr=on}} south of Tangier. Its ramparts and gateworks remain fully intact. HistoryThe town's history dates back to 1500 B.C., when Phoenicians occupied a site called Silis, Zili, Zilis, or Zilil ({{lang-xpu|𐤀𐤔𐤋𐤉𐤕}}, {{sc|ʾšlyt}},{{sfnp|Head & al.|1911|p=890}} or {{lang-xpu|𐤔𐤋𐤉}}, {{sc|šly}}){{sfnp|Maldonado López|2013|p=78}} which is being excavated at Dchar Jdid, some {{convert|12|km|sp=us|abbr=on}} NE of present Asilah; that place was once considered to be the Roman stronghold Ad Mercuri, but is now accepted to be Zilil. The town of Asilah itself was partly constructed by the Idrisid dynasty,[3] and Cordoban caliph Al-Hakam II rebuilt the town in 966.[4] The Portuguese conquered the city in 1471 and built its fortifications, but it was abandoned it because of an economic debt crisis in 1549.[4] In 1578, Sebastian of Portugal used Asilah as a base for his troops during a planned crusade that resulted in Sebastian's death, which in turn caused the Portuguese succession crisis of 1580. In 1589 the Moroccans briefly regained control of Asilah, but then lost it to the Spanish.[5] In 1692, the town was again taken by the Moroccans under the leadership of Moulay Ismail. Asilah served then as a base for pirates in the 19th and 20th centuries, and in 1829, the Austrians punitively bombarded the city due to Moroccan piracy.[6] From 1912 to 1956, it was part of Spanish Morocco. A major plan to restore the town was undertaken in 1978 by its mayor, Mohamed Benaissa. Benaissa and painter Mohamed Melehi were instrumental in organizing an art festival, the International Cultural Moussem of Asilah, that starting in 1978 began generating tourism income. It is credited with having promoted urban renewal in Asilah, and is one of the most important art festivals in the country.[7] It played a role in raising the average monthly income from $50 in 1978 to $140 in 2014. The festival features local artwork and music and continues to attract large numbers of tourists.[8] Asilah is now a popular seaside resort, with modern holiday apartment complexes on the coast road leading to the town from Tangier.[10] The old neighborhoods are restored and painted white, and the wealthy from Casablanca have their weekend getaways here.[4] CultureWhile tourism dominates, Asilah is said to offer a good introduction to Morocco.[9] It hosts annual music and arts festivals, including a mural-painting festival.[10] Thursday is market day.[14] The International Festival, held in August, features jazz and Moroccan music as well as art exhibitions.[9] Many of the houses of Asilah feature mashrabiya (oriel windows). The main cultural center is the Centre Hassan II des Rencontres Internationales, which hosts festivals in the summer.[11] GalleryReferences{{Wikivoyage|Asilah}}{{commons category|Asilah}}Citations1. ^{{cite web|title=Population Légale des Régions, Provinces, Préfectures, Municipalités, Arrondissements et Communes du Royaume Après les Résultats du RGPH 2014|url=http://rgph2014.hcp.ma/file/166326/|website=Recensement Général de la Population et de l'Habitat 2014|publisher=Haut-Commissariat au Plan du Maroc|accessdate=5 October 2016}} 2. ^ 3. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t4hmPoi_CJ4C&pg=PA137|accessdate=14 June 2017|title=Maverick Guide to Morocco|last=Searight|first=Susan|publisher=Pelican|location=Gretna|year=1999|isbn=9781455608645}} 4. ^{{cite book|author1=Jorge Nascimento Rodrigues|author2=Tessaleno C. Devezas|title=Pioneers of Globalization: Why the Portuguese Surprised the World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CXeOAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA117|date=1 December 2007|publisher=Centro Atlantico|isbn=978-989-615-056-3|page=117}} 5. ^{{cite book|author1=Paula Hardy|author2=Mara Vorhees|author3=Heidi Edsall|title=Morocco|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FKxWBLwMBqYC|year=2005|publisher=Lonely Planet|isbn=978-1-74059-678-7|pages=121–122}} 6. ^{{cite encyclopedia|last= |first= |authorlink= |editor-first= |editor-last= |editor-link= |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|title='Abd ar-Rasham|edition=15th |year=2010| publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.|volume=I: A-Ak - Bayes|location= Chicago, Illinois|isbn=978-1-59339-837-8|pages=17}} 7. ^{{cite journal|title=Art in the Streets: Modern Art, Museum Practice and the Urban Environment in Contemporary Morocco|first=Katarzyna|last=Pieprzak|journal=Middle East Studies Association Bulletin|volume=42|issue=1/2|year=2008|pages=48–54|jstor=23063542}} 8. ^{{cite journal|url=http://www.qscience.com/doi/full/10.5339/messa.2014.7|title=Art and the Economy in Amman|journal=Journal of Georgetown University-Qatar Middle Eastern Studies Student Association|volume=Globalization and the Middle East: Youth, Media & Resources, 7|issue=2014|pages=7|author=Emma Katz|year=2014|doi=10.5339/messa.2014.7}} 9. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LtXcAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA359|accessdate=14 June 2017|title=Morocco Footprint Handbook|first=Julius|last=Honnor|publisher=Footprint Travel Guides|year=2012|isbn=9781907263316}} 10. ^1 {{cite web|title=The murals of Asilah|url=http://www.euronews.com/2012/07/18/the-murals-of-asilah/|publisher=Euronews.com|accessdate=19 July 2012}} 11. ^1 {{cite book|author=DK Publishing|title=DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Morocco|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IyFmW8_N_XkC|date=29 November 2010|publisher=DK Publishing|isbn=978-0-7566-8665-9|page=91}} Bibliography
10 : Former Portuguese colonies|Kingdom of the Algarve|Port cities and towns on the Moroccan Atlantic Coast|Roman sites in Morocco|Populated places in Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima|Populated places established in the 2nd millennium BC|1471 establishments in the Portuguese Empire|1549 disestablishments in the Portuguese Empire|1912 establishments in the Spanish Empire|1956 disestablishments in the Spanish Empire |
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