| 词条 | B of the Bang |
| 释义 |
| title = B of the Bang | image_file = B of the Bang (landscape).jpg | caption = | painting_alignment = | image_size = 250px | alt = | other_language_1 = | other_title_1 = | other_language_2 = | other_title_2 = | artist = Thomas Heatherwick | catalogue = | year = {{Start date|df=yes|2005}}–{{End date|df=yes|2009}} | type = Metal sculpture | material = | subject = | height_metric = 56 | width_metric = | length_metric = | height_imperial = | width_imperial = | length_imperial = | diameter_metric = | diameter_imperial = | dimensions = | dimensions_ref = [1] | metric_unit = m | imperial_unit = ft | city = Beswick, Manchester, England | museum = | accession = | coordinates = {{coord|53|28|55|N|2|11|46|W|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | owner = | url = }} B of the Bang was a sculpture by Thomas Heatherwick next to the City of Manchester Stadium in Manchester, England, which was commissioned to mark the 2002 Commonwealth Games; it was one of the tallest structures in Manchester and the tallest sculpture in the UK until the completion of Aspire in 2008. It was taller and leaned at a greater angle than the Leaning Tower of Pisa. The sculpture took its name from a quotation of British sprinter Linford Christie, in which he said that he started his races not merely at the "bang" of the starting pistol, but at "the B of the Bang". The sculpture was commissioned in 2003; construction overran and the official unveiling was delayed until 12 January 2005. Six days before the launch, the sculpture suffered the first of three visible structural problems as the tip of one of the spikes detached and fell to the ground. Legal action started a year later, resulting in an out-of-court settlement totalling £1.7 million. In February 2009, Manchester City Council announced that the sculpture would be dismantled and placed in storage. Despite the promise of storage and potential reassembly, the core and legs of the sculpture were cut apart during removal. The core was sold for scrap in July 2012, while the 180 spikes remain in storage.[3][4][5] Design and statisticsB of the Bang originally stood {{convert|56|m|ft|0}} tall[1] with 180 hollow tapered steel columns or spikes radiating from a central core. It was angled at 30 degrees[7] and supported by five {{convert|25|m|ft|abbr=on}} long, tapered steel legs[8][9] which connected to the spikes {{convert|22|m|ft|abbr=on}} above the ground. The sculpture weighed 165 tonnes,[10] with the concrete in the foundations weighing over 1,000 tonnes,[11] including a {{convert|400|m2|sqft|abbr=on}} reinforced concrete slab.[12] The foundations are {{convert|20|m|ft|abbr=on}} deep.[11]The sculpture was made from the same weathering steel (also known as Cor-Ten) as the Angel of the North sculpture, which gradually develops a tightly adhering oxide layer as it is exposed to the elements. This layer inhibits further corrosion by reducing its permeability to water. As part of the design, the spikes swayed slightly in the wind[14] in order to withstand gusts in excess of {{convert|100|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}.[11] At the time of construction a time capsule was placed in one of the spikes of the sculpture, containing children's poems and paintings, due to be opened circa 2300.[16] The location of the time capsule after dismantling is currently unknown. B of the Bang was located next to the City of Manchester Stadium at Sportcity, in Beswick, at the corner of Alan Turing Way and Ashton New Road;.[17][18] It took its name from a quotation of British sprinter Linford Christie in which he said that he started his races not merely at the 'bang' of the starting pistol, but at 'The B of the Bang'.[8] The artwork had been nicknamed KerPlunk by the locals after the popular children's game from the 1970s.[1]Prior to the construction of Aspire at the University of Nottingham, B of the Bang was Britain's tallest sculpture at well over twice the height of the Angel of the North,[18] which stands at {{convert|66|ft|m}}. It was designed to look like an exploding firework[1] and was taller and leaned at a greater angle than the Leaning Tower of Pisa.[8] It was commissioned by New East Manchester Limited to commemorate the 2002 Commonwealth Games.[7] The design was selected by a panel consisting of both local residents and art experts via a competition in 2002[14] and was designed by Thomas Heatherwick.[17] Construction and fundingThe sculpture was constructed in Sheffield[7] by Thomas Heatherwick Studio, Packman Lucas, Flint and Neill and Westbury Structures.[28] It was approved at the start of 2003,[17] with the central core arriving in Manchester on 13 June 2004.[7] This was the largest load that could be transferred via road from the factory, and required a police escort.[11] This central core was lifted into place in August 2004, after which the 180 spikes could begin being attached. Early estimates had given an optimistic completion date of July 2003, which contributed to the sculpture gaining the nickname G of the Bang.[18] The official unveiling by Linford Christie took place on 12 January 2005.[1] In total the sculpture cost £1.42 million to design and construct[12] — twice the original estimate,[18] as the initial costing had neglected to include installation costs.[36] Funding was sourced from a European Regional Development Fund contribution of £700,000, the North West Development Agency, contributing £500,000, and Manchester City Council providing £120,000.[37] Structural problems and legal actionThe tip of one of the {{convert|2.1|m|ft|abbr=on}} spikes detached and fell from the sculpture on 6 January 2005, only six days before the official unveiling.[38] After inspection, the event went ahead as planned. Four months later, in May 2005, a second spike had to be cut off by firefighters after it was discovered hanging loose.[39] At that time the sculpture was closed off to the public, and the junction and pathway near the sculpture were temporarily closed. As a result, some of the joints were re-welded, with equipment put in place to prevent excessive movement.[40] This consisted of retrofitting tip weights to 70% of the spikes' weights.[41] Despite these modifications, B of the Bang remained fenced off, prompting a local newspaper campaign to 'Get It Sorted'.[41] In May 2006 a total of nine spikes were removed from the sculpture and taken away for metallurgical analysis, to discover the stresses being placed on the steel.[43] It was announced in October 2007 that Manchester City Council were taking legal action against the makers of the sculpture, with the aim of completing the necessary repairs to the sculpture.[28] In November 2008 this culminated in an out-of-court settlement being reached between Manchester City Council, the project's designers Thomas Heatherwick Studio Ltd, and the engineering and construction subcontractors Packman Lucas Ltd, Flint and Neill Partnership and Westbury Structures Ltd. The agreement was to pay the council £1.7m in damages for breach of contract and negligence.[45] DismantlingActing on a report in January 2009,[46] the city council recommended that B of the Bang should be dismantled and placed in storage until funds could be raised for its safe reinstatement.[47][48] The report recognised the sculpture's aesthetic value for Manchester and Manchester City Council committed itself to working with the artist to reach a long-term solution. One possibility involved the replacement of the steel spikes with alternatives made from carbon fibre, although the report underlined the necessity for extensive testing.[49] In January 2009, Antony Gormley, creator of the Angel of the North—to which B of the Bang is often compared—spoke out in support of the sculpture, stating that, "It is a great tribute to Manchester that this ground-breaking work was commissioned. To allow it to disappear would be a loss not just of an inspirational artwork but also of the council's nerve."[50] Despite Gormley's plea, removal of B of the Bang began in April 2009.[51] More substantial hoarding was erected around the site and demolition firm Connell Brothers Limited began removing the spikes with oxyacetylene cutting equipment.[52] Although the council had promised to store the complex central core and legs,[48] these too were cut apart during removal,[4] casting doubt on future prospects for the landmark sculpture's return, and in early July 2012 the core was sold as scrap for £17,000.[5] References{{Portal|Visual Arts|Greater Manchester}}{{Commons category|B of the Bang}}1. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/b-of-the-bye-bye/5205708.article | title=B of the Bye-Bye | publisher=The Architects' Journal | date=24 July 2009 | accessdate=5 September 2009}} [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]2. ^1 2 {{cite web | url=http://www.thisiseast.com/2009/09/02/last-legs/ | title=Last Legs | publisher=This Is East | date=2 September 2009 | accessdate=5 September 2009}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Manchester B of the Bang sculpture core sold for scrap|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-18703854|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=7 July 2012}} 4. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://www.bofthebang.com/ | title=B of the Bang — Official site | accessdate=20 March 2008 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080118132225/http://www.bofthebang.com/ | archivedate=18 January 2008}} 5. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://www.bofthebang.com/faq/faq2.html | title=B of the Bang — official site — FAQ — How heavy? | accessdate=20 March 2008 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218132228/http://www.bofthebang.com/faq/faq2.html | archivedate=18 December 2007}} 6. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/cbbcnews/hi/newsid_4160000/newsid_4169000/4169043.stm | title= I've seen the B of the Bang sculpture | publisher=CBBC Newsround | date=12 January 2005 | accessdate=20 March 2008}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite news | title='Bang' sculpture put into place | publisher=BBC News | date=5 August 2004 | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/3536864.stm | accessdate=20 March 2008}} 8. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news | title='Bang' sculpture goes on display | publisher=BBC News | date=12 January 2005 | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/4166517.stm | accessdate=20 March 2008}} 9. ^1 2 {{cite news | title=It cost £1.4m — but it's going to go rusty | date=6 June 2004 | url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/s/126/126422_it_cost_14m__but_its_going_to_go_rusty.html | newspaper=Manchester Evening News | accessdate=20 March 2008}} 10. ^1 2 3 {{cite news | title=Plans for tallest sculpture approved | publisher=BBC News | date=24 January 2003 | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/2689497.stm | accessdate=20 March 2008}} 11. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news | title='Bang' sculpture arrives in city | publisher=BBC News | date=13 June 2004 | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/3802753.stm | accessdate=20 March 2008}} 12. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web | url=http://www.bofthebang.com/struct/struct.html | title=B of the Bang: Engineering | accessdate=20 March 2008 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080118132251/http://www.bofthebang.com/struct/struct.html | archivedate=18 January 2008}} 13. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news | title=Now it's G of the Bang | date=12 November 2004 | url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/entertainment/arts/s/136/136675_now_its_g_of_the_bang.html | newspaper=Manchester Evening News | accessdate=20 March 2008 | first=Chris | last=Osuh}} 14. ^1 2 {{cite news | last=Keller | first=Sinéad | title=A whole lot of B for the Bang | work=The Guardian | date=12 January 2005 | url=http://arts.guardian.co.uk/news/story/0,,1388442,00.html | accessdate=20 March 2008 | location=London}} 15. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/s/1021219_b_of_the_botch | title=B of the botch | newspaper=Manchester Evening News | first=Mike | last=Keegan | date=24 October 2007 | accessdate=20 March 2008}} 16. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1086743/Designer-death-trap-sculpture-B-Of-The-Bang-pay-1-7m-taxpayers-money-council-sues.html | title=Designer of 'death trap' sculpture B of the Bang to pay back £1.7m of taxpayers' money after council sues | date=18 November 2008 | accessdate=24 March 2009 | location=London | work=Daily Mail}} 17. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/4152843.stm | title='Bang' sculpture spike falls off | publisher=BBC News | date=6 January 2005 | accessdate=20 March 2008}} 18. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/4567907.stm | title='Bang' sculpture in fresh scare | publisher=BBC News | date=20 May 2005 | accessdate=20 March 2008}} 19. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/4327699.stm | title='Bang' sculpture in safety scare | publisher=BBC News | date=7 March 2005 | accessdate=20 March 2008}} 20. ^1 2 {{cite news | url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/s/213/213212_works_begins_on_b_of_the_bang__at_last.html | title=Works begins on B of the Bang – at last | newspaper=Manchester Evening News | date=16 May 2006 | accessdate=24 March 2009}} 21. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/4771653.stm | title=Spikes taken off Bang sculpture | publisher=BBC News | date=15 May 2006 | accessdate=20 March 2008}} 22. ^1 2 {{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7059663.stm | title=Legal action over Bang sculpture | publisher=BBC News | date=24 October 2007 | accessdate=20 March 2008}} 23. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7734842.stm | title='Bang' row settled out of court | publisher=BBC News | date=18 November 2008 | accessdate=18 November 2008| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090115111609/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7734842.stm| archivedate=15 January 2009| deadurl= no}} 24. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/BoftheBang.pdf|title=Manchester City Council Report for Resolution|last=Manchester City Council Executive|date=11 February 2009|publisher=Manchester City Council|accessdate=8 May 2009| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090327150803/http://www.manchester.gov.uk/downloads/BoftheBang.pdf| archivedate= 27 March 2009 | deadurl= no}} 25. ^1 {{cite news | url= http://www.bdonline.co.uk/story.asp?sectioncode=426&storycode=3133829&c=1 | title=Heatherwick’s Bang to be put into storage | publisher=BD | date=12 February 2009 | accessdate=24 March 2009}} 26. ^1 2 {{cite news | url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/visual_arts/article6737948.ece | title= It began with a Bang but landmark sculpture is sent for recycling | work=The Times | date=4 August 2009 | accessdate=5 September 2009 | location=London | first=Russell | last=Jenkins}} 27. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7869372.stm | title=City's B of the Bang may be saved | publisher=BBC News | date=4 February 2009 | accessdate=24 March 2009| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090207021202/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7869372.stm| archivedate= 7 February 2009 | deadurl= no}} 28. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7845377.stm | title= Gormley's plea on 'bang' landmark | publisher=BBC News | date=22 January 2009 | accessdate=24 March 2009}} 29. ^1 {{cite news|title=Work starts on Bang dismantling|date=15 April 2009|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/manchester/7999570.stm|accessdate=15 April 2009|publisher=BBC| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090418194023/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/manchester/7999570.stm| archivedate= 18 April 2009 | deadurl= no}} 30. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://www.thisiseast.com/2009/06/11/sparks-and-spikes/ | title=Sparks and Spikes | publisher=This Is East | date=11 June 2009 | accessdate=5 September 2009}} }}{{Manchester B&S}}{{Good article}}{{Use British English|date=January 2013}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2013}} 9 : Outdoor sculptures in England|Tourist attractions in Manchester|Buildings and structures in Manchester|Demolished buildings and structures in Manchester|Former buildings and structures in Manchester|Buildings and structures demolished in 2009|2005 sculptures|Steel sculptures in England|Thomas Heatherwick |
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