词条 | Efrem Zimbalist Jr. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
| name = Efrem Zimbalist Jr. | image = Efrem Zimbalist Jr.JPG | caption = Zimbalist in 1956 | birth_date = {{Birth date|mf=yes|1918|11|30}} | birth_place = New York City, New York, U.S. | death_date = {{Death date and age|2014|5|2|1918|11|30}} | death_place = Solvang, California. U.S. | resting_place = Town Hill Cemetery | nationality = American | education = St. Paul's School | alma_mater = Yale University | occupation = Actor | years_active = 1945–2008 | known_for = Dandy Jim Buckley, Alfred Pennyworth, DC animated universe | height = 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) | television = 77 Sunset Strip, The F.B.I., Maverick, The Animated Series | party = Republican[1] | children = 3, including Stephanie Zimbalist | parents = Efrem Zimbalist Sr. Alma Gluck | awards = Golden Globe Award | spouse = {{marriage|Emily Munroe McNair|1941|1950}} {{marriage|Loranda Stephanie Spalding|1956|2007}} | relatives = Marcia Davenport {{small|(half-sister)}} }} Efrem Zimbalist Jr. (November 30, 1918 – May 2, 2014) was an American actor known for his starring roles in the television series 77 Sunset Strip and The F.B.I. He is also known as recurring character "Dandy Jim Buckley" in the series Maverick and as the voice behind the character Alfred Pennyworth in The Animated Series and associated spin-offs. He also voiced Doctor Octopus in the 1990s Spider-Man animated series and the 2000 PC, Dreamcast and PlayStation Spider-Man action-adventure video game, and Justin Hammer from the second season of the 1994 Iron Man animated series. Early yearsZimbalist was born in 1918 in New York City to Jewish immigrants Efrem Zimbalist Sr. (1889–1985), a Russian-born violinist,{{sfn|Malan|2004|page=1}} and Alma Gluck (1884–1938), a Romanian-born operatic soprano.[2] He had an older sister, Mary (1915–2008),[3] along with a half-sister from his mother's first marriage, author Marcia Davenport (1903–1996).[4] His stepmother was Mary Louise Curtis Bok Zimbalist, the founder of the Curtis Institute of Music. Both parents converted to Anglican Christianity. He attended Fay School in Southborough, Massachusetts.[5] Zimbalist boarded at St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire, taking part in school plays. He briefly attended Yale University but was expelled, reinstated and expelled a second time on account of low grades.[2] He moved back to New York City in 1936 to work as a page for NBC radio where he had small on-air roles as well as presenting shows. He furthered his acting training at Neighborhood Playhouse[6] before serving in the United States Army during World War II, where he became friends with writer and director Garson Kanin. After five years of service, he was awarded the Purple Heart for a leg wound received during the battle of Hürtgen Forest. CareerEarly careerFollowing the war, Zimbalist returned to New York and made his Broadway acting debut in The Rugged Path,[8]{{sfn|Monush|2003|p=816}} starring Spencer Tracy. This led to a stage career as both actor and producer. His producing successes included bringing three Gian Carlo Menotti operas to Broadway, one of which, The Consul,[9] won the Pulitzer Prize for Music in 1950. In 1954–1955, he co-starred in his first television series, Concerning Miss Marlowe.{{sfn|Monush|2003|page=816}} Warner Bros. starIn 1956, Zimbalist was put under contract by Warner Bros. and moved to Hollywood.[10] Zimbalist's first recurring role in a Warner Bros. Television series was as roguish gambler "Dandy Jim Buckley" on Maverick, opposite James Garner in 1957, and making five appearances as the character. In 1958, Zimbalist played the co-lead Stuart "Stu" Bailey in 77 Sunset Strip, a popular detective series running until 1964. During this period, he made several concurrent appearances in other Warner Bros. television shows, such as Hawaiian Eye, The Alaskans, and Bronco. He also starred as the lead in several feature films for Warners, such as Bombers B-52, The Deep Six, A Fever in the Blood and The Chapman Report. Zimbalist was in such demand that he was given leave by Jack L. Warner due to exhaustion from his busy schedule. Jack Warner lent him to Columbia Pictures for By Love Possessed in exchange for adding several years to his Warners' contract, but refused to let him make BUtterfield 8 for MGM.[7] In 1959, he was awarded the Golden Globe for "Most Promising Newcomer – Male". The F.B.I. television seriesZimbalist was most widely known for his starring role as Inspector Lewis Erskine in the Quinn Martin television production The F.B.I., which premiered on September 19, 1965 and aired its final episode on September 8, 1974. Zimbalist was generous in his praise of producer Martin and of his own experience starring in the show. Those who worked with him were equally admiring of the star's professionalism and likable personality.{{sfn|Etter|2008|pages=62–87}} Zimbalist maintained a strong personal relationship with F.B.I. director J. Edgar Hoover, who requested that the show be technically accurate and portray his agents in the best possible light, and he insisted actors playing F.B.I. employees undergo a background check.{{sfn|Etter|2008|pages=62–87}} Zimbalist subsequently spent a week in contact with Hoover in Washington, D.C. and at the F.B.I. Academy in Quantico, Virginia. The men remained mutual admirers for the rest of Hoover's life.{{sfn|Etter|2008|pages=62–87}} Hoover held up Zimbalist as a model for F.B.I. employees' personal appearance.{{sfn|Kessler|2003|page=399}} The Society of Former Special Agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation[8] honored the character of Lewis Erskine in 1985 with a set of retired credentials,[13] and on June 8, 2009 FBI Director Robert Mueller presented Zimbalist with a plaque honoring him for his work on the series.[9][10] The show was revived in the 1980s as Today's FBI starring Mike Connors. Other television workAfter 77 Sunset Strip he appeared in other series, including CBS's short-lived The Reporter starring Harry Guardino as journalist Danny Taylor of the fictitious New York Globe. He also appeared in leading and supporting roles in several feature films, including Harlow, A Fever in the Blood (a film about a ruthless politician), Wait Until Dark and Airport 1975. Zimbalist had a recurring role as Daniel Chalmers, a white-collar con man, on his daughter Stephanie Zimbalist's 1980s television detective series Remington Steele, and in the television dramatic series Hotel. In 1990, he played the father of Zorro in the Christian Broadcasting Network's The New Zorro. Zimbalist relinquished the role after the program's first season due to the filming at studios outside Madrid, Spain, and the role subsequently went to Henry Darrow. He had a small recurring role in the 1990s hit science fiction television series Babylon 5 as William Edgars. Also in the 1990s, Zimbalist played Alfred Pennyworth in The Animated Series as well as in The Animated Series, The New Batman Adventures, Justice League, Static Shock, and the animated films Mask of the Phantasm, SubZero, Mystery of the Batwoman; he also played villain Doctor Octopus in Spider-Man: The Animated Series. He appeared on the Trinity Broadcasting Network[11] and as himself in the 1998 Smithsonian Institution production of Gemstones of America.[12] He performed as the narrator in "Good Morning, America" by Elinor Remick Warren—Cambria CD #1042 (1993). Zimbalist wrote an autobiography, My Dinner of Herbs, published by Limelight Editions, New York.[13] In 2008, he appeared in the short film The Delivery, in which he played a professor who helps a young girl in her struggles for literacy. The film won first place in fantasy at the Dragon*Con Film Festival and was an official selection at the Los Angeles International Children's Festival and the Reel Women International Film Festival in 2009. Personal lifeIn December 1941, Zimbalist married his first wife, Emily Munroe McNair. They had two children, Efrem "Skip" Zimbalist III (b. 1947) and Nancy (1944–2012). In January 1950, Emily died from cancer.[14] In 1956, Zimbalist married Loranda Stephanie Spalding (Stephanie). Their daughter is the actress Stephanie Zimbalist. On February 5, 2007, aged 73, Loranda died from lung cancer.[14] Before joining the congregation of an Episcopal church, he appeared in a number of evangelical Christian media productions. Zimbalist's parents, Alma Gluck and Efrem Zimbalist, were of Jewish descent but on emigrating to America, had left the religion.{{sfn|Malan|2004|pages=139–142}} Moreover, Efrem Zimbalist stated, "As far as I am concerned, there has been no Jew in the family for sixty-five years."{{sfn|Malan|2004|pages=139–142}} ReligionZimbalist was baptized in the Episcopal Church. He said that when growing up he was taken to church every Sunday. He attended St. Paul's School, an Episcopal boarding school in New Hampshire.[15] Zimbalist said his faith gave him comfort when Emily died.{{sfn|Silversten|1998|pages=173–194}} He had a nine-year association with the practice of Transcendental Meditation as taught by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. Zimbalist described the Maharishi Yogi as a "fascinating character", but found the meditation method "... was a total waste of energy for me."{{sfn|Silversten|1998|pages=173–194}} In the late 1970s, he was drawn to the Charismatic Christianity movement. His first association was with Jim Bakker and Tammy Faye Bakker's PTL Club. For several years, he was a member of the PTL board. The PTL's principal televangelistic successor, the Trinity Broadcasting Network (TBN).[22] engaged Zimbalist to make its many announcements including the station's identification at the top of every hour. In a five-minute segment called "The Word" aired on TBN at 25 minutes after the hour, Zimbalist read a bible verse, eventually completing the entire Bible, verse by verse.[16] In 1989, he said, "for a while I did go overboard in my association with a fundamentalist group".[17] In later life, Zimbalist joined the congregation of an Episcopal parish near to his home.{{sfn|Silversten|1998|pages=173–194}} PoliticsIn 1963 and 1964, Zimbalist joined fellow actors William Lundigan, Chill Wills and Walter Brennan in making appearances on behalf of U.S. Senator Barry Goldwater, the Republican candidate, in his election campaign against U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson.[18] DeathZimbalist died at the age of 95 on May 2, 2014, from natural causes.[19] FilmographyFilm
Television
Video games
Video
Theatre
ReferencesNotes1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.newsmax.com/Newsfront/efrem-zimbalist-conservative-reagan-fbi/2014/05/04/id/569376/|title='FBI Agent' Efrem Zimbalist Jr. Remembered as Staunch Conservative|publisher=Newsmax.com|accessdate=May 4, 2014|date=May 3, 2014}} 2. ^1 {{cite news |title=Efrem Zimbalist Jr., Star of '77 Sunset Strip' and 'The F.B.I.', Dies at 95 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/04/arts/television/efrem-zimbalist-jr-star-of-77-sunset-strip-and-the-fbi-is-dead-at-95.html |accessdate=June 9, 2018 |work=The New York Times |date=May 3, 2014}} 3. ^{{cite news |title=Mary Taylor Zimbalist's Obituary on New York Times |url=http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/nytimes/obituary.aspx?n=mary-taylor-zimbalist&pid=112423423 |accessdate=June 9, 2018 |work=The New York Times |date=June 29, 2008}} 4. ^Marston Records bio of Alma Gluck {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303185512/http://www.marstonrecords.com/gluck/gluck_liner.htm |date=2016-03-03 }} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://jewishbusinessnews.com/2014/05/03/american-actor-efrem-zimbalist-junior-dies-at-his-california-home-at-age-95/|title=American Actor Efrem Zimbalist Junior Dies At His California Home At Age 95|work=Jewish Business News|author=Jewish Business News Staff|date=May 3, 2014|publisher=|accessdate=May 8, 2016}} 6. ^Hayward, Anthony. (May 5, 2014) [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/efrem-zimbalist-jr-actor-who-made-his-name-as-a-suave-private-detective-in-77-sunset-strip-and-a-9324304.html "Efrem Zimbalist Jr : Actor who made his name as a suave private detective in '77 Sunset Strip' and a federal agent in 'The FBI,'"] The Independent. Retrieved on February 21, 2018. 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.americanlegends.com/actors/efrem%20zimbalist/|title=Efrem Zimbalist, Jr.|work=American Legends|location=United States|accessdate=May 8, 2016}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.forgottenhollywood.com/hollywood-history/forgotten-hollywood-the-f-b-i-star-has-died.php |title="Forgotten Hollywood"- The F.B.I. Star Has Died…|author=raideoman1 |date=May 3, 2014 |work=Forgotten Hollywood |publisher= |accessdate=May 8, 2016 |location=United States}} 9. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://www.fbi.gov/news/speeches/honoring-efrem-zimbalist-jr |title=Presentation of Honorary Special Agent Badge to Efrem Zimbalist, Jr. Los Angeles |first=Robert S. |last=Mueller, III |date=June 8, 2009 |work=Federal Bureau of Investigation |publisher=United States Department of Justice |accessdate=July 15, 2010}} 10. ^{{cite news |title=Actor Efrem Zimbalist Jr. honored by FBI |first= |last= |newspaper=Associated Press |date=9 June 2009 |url= }} 11. ^TBN – Trinity Broadcasting Network 12. ^Gemstones of America 13. ^1 {{cite book |title=My Dinner of Herbs |last=Zimbalist Jr.|first=Efrem |authorlink=|year=2004|publisher=Limelight Editions|location=Milwaukee, Wisconsin|isbn=978-0-87910-988-2|page=|pages= |url=https://www.amazon.com/Dinner-Herbs-Efrem-Zimbalist-Jr/dp/0879109882}}{{unreliable source|date=March 2019}} 14. ^1 [https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/people/2014/05/03/efrem-zimbalist-jr-dies/8650863/ USA TODAY] 15. ^{{cite journal |last=Stanford |first=Monty |last2= |first2= |year=2008 |title=EZimablist Jr |journal=Christus Rex |publisher= |volume=1 |issue=5 |pages= |url= |doi= }} 16. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.tbn.org/publicfile/KNMT/Emails_From_the_Public_2009.pdf|title=emails from the public 2009 (kept for station FCC license renewal)|publisher=Trinity Broadcasting Network|author=Bruce Boland|page=19|date=2009-10-20|accessdate=2014-09-20}} 17. ^Mary Evertz, "At 65 Still a Sex Symbol: Veteran Actor Efrem Zimbalist, Jr. is Back on Stage," St. Petersburg (Florida) Times, May 26, 1989. 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ashbrook.org/articles/hartz-draftgoldwater.html |title=The Impact of the Draft Goldwater Committee on the Republican Party |publisher=ashbrook.org |accessdate=2013-08-24 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20010303213814/http://www.ashbrook.org/articles/hartz-draftgoldwater.html |archivedate=March 3, 2001}} 19. ^1 {{cite news |last1=Barnes |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/efrem-zimbalist-jr-dead-star-700983 |first1=Mike |title=Actor Efrem Zimbalist Jr. Dies at 95|work=The Hollywood Reporter |date= |last2=Byrge |publisher=Prometheus Global Media |accessdate=May 8, 2016 |first2=Duane}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/78560/House-of-Strangers/|title=House of Strangers|work=Turner Classic Movies|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/16194/Band-of-Angels/|title=Band of Angels|work=Turner Classic Movies|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/69323/Bombers-B-52/|title=Bombers B-52|work=Turner Classic Movies|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/26609/The-Deep-Six/|title=The Deep Six|work=Turner Classic Movies|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/93607/Too-Much-Too-Soon/|title=Too Much, Too Soon|work=Turner Classic Movies|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/94836/Violent-Road/|title=Violent Road|publisher=Turner Classic Movies|date=|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 26. ^{{cite web|url=http://sensesofcinema.com/2011/cteq/the-wages-of-fear/|title=The Wages of Fear|work=Senses of Cinema|first=Jonathan|last=Dawson|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/78243/Home-Before-Dark/|title=Home Before Dark|work=Turner Classic Movies|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/26590/The-Crowded-Sky/|title=The Crowded Sky|publisher=Turner Classic Movies|date=|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 29. ^{{cite web|last=Nixon|first=Rob|url=http://www.tcm.com/this-month/article/290086%7C0/The-Crowded-Sky.html|title=The Crowded Sky (1960)|publisher=Turner Classic Movies|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 30. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/26563/A-Fever-in-the-Blood/|title=A Fever in the Blood|publisher=Turner Classic Movies|date=|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/15876/By-Love-Possessed/|title=By Love Possessed|publisher=Turner Classic Movies|date=|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 32. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/27329/The-Chapman-Report/|title=The Chapman Report|publisher=Turner Classic Movies|date=|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 33. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/495690/Harlow/|title=Harlow|publisher=Turner Classic Movies|date=|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 34. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/88152/The-Reward/|title=The Reward|publisher=Turner Classic Movies|date=|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/24754/Wait-Until-Dark/|title=Wait Until Dark|publisher=Turner Classic Movies|date=|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 36. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/19453/Airport-75/|title=Airport 1975|work=Turner Classic Movies|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 37. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/414589/Avenging-The/|title=The Avenging|work=Turner Classic Movies|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 38. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/78455/Hot-Shots-/|title=Hot Shots!|work=Turner Classic Movies|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 39. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/324686/Batman-and-Mr-Freeze-Subzero/|title=SubZero|work=Turner Classic Movies|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 40. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/439864/Batman-Mystery-of-the-Batwoman/|title=Batwoman|work=Turner Classic Movies|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 41. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/468107/Girl-on-the-Run/|title=Girl on the Run|work=Turner Classic Movies|accessdate=March 3, 2016}} 42. ^{{cite book|last1=Sperling|first1=Cass Warner|last2=Millner|first2=Cork|title=Hollywood Be Thy Name|publisher=Prima Publishing|year=1994|url=https://www.amazon.com/Hollywood-Be-Thy-Name-Brothers/dp/0813109582|isbn=978-0813109589}} 43. ^1 {{cite web|title=The Rugged Path|url=http://www.ibdb.com/person.php?id=21805|website=IBDB|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 44. ^{{cite web|title=King Henry VIII|url=http://www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=1476|website=IBDB|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 45. ^{{cite web|title=What Every Woman Knows|url=http://www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=1478|website=IBDB|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 46. ^{{cite web|title=A Pound on Demand / Androcles and the Lion|url=http://www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=1493|website=IBDB|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 47. ^{{cite web|title=Yellow Jack|url=http://www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=1526|website=IBDB|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 48. ^{{cite web|title=The Telephone/The Medium|url=http://www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=1549|website=IBDB|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 49. ^{{cite web|title=Hedda Gable|url=http://www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=1662|website=IBDB|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 50. ^{{cite web|title=The Telephone|url=http://www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=475876|website=IBDB|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 51. ^{{cite web|title=The Medium|url=http://www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=475860|website=IBDB|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 52. ^1 {{cite web|title=The Consul|url=http://www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=2137|website=IBDB|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 53. ^{{cite web|title=Fallen Angels|url=http://www.ibdb.com/production.php?id=2396|website=IBDB|publisher=The Broadway League|accessdate=1 June 2014}} 54. ^{{cite news |last1=Brandes |first1=Phillip |title=Zimbalist Night of the Iguana 2004 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/25555384/zimbalist_night_of_the_iguana_2004/ |accessdate=November 20, 2018 |work=The Los Angeles Times at Newspapers.com |date=October 20, 2004}}{{free access}} 55. ^{{cite news |last1=Hill |first1=Bojana |title=Hamlet at the Rubicon Theatre |url=https://www.independent.com/news/2007/may/03/hamlet-rubicon-theatre/ |accessdate=November 20, 2018 |work=Santa Barbara Independent |date=May 3, 2007}} Citations{{Reflist|30em}}Sources{{Refbegin|30em}}
External links{{Portal|Biography|United States|New York|New York City|Theatre|Film|Television}}{{commons category}}
21 : 1918 births|2014 deaths|20th-century American male actors|21st-century American male actors|Male actors from Los Angeles|Male actors from New York City|American Episcopalians|American male film actors|American people of Romanian-Jewish descent|American people of Russian-Jewish descent|American male voice actors|California Republicans|Curtis family|St. Paul's School (New Hampshire) alumni|Yale University alumni|Jewish American male actors|Warner Bros. contract players|Transcendental Meditation practitioners|American people of Russian descent|Zimbalist family|Fay School alumni |
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