James Island may refer to:

• James Island (Gambia), a World Heritage island in the Gambia
• James Island (British Columbia), an island in Haro Strait off Sidney, BC near Vancouver Island
• James Island (Galápagos), another name for Santiago Island (Galápagos)
• James Island (Maryland), an island in Chesapeake Bay
• James Island (South Carolina), an island near Charleston, South Carolina
• James Island (San Juan Islands), one of the San Juan Islands in Washington
• James Island (Washington), near La Push, Washington
• James Island (Chile)
• James Island (sanctuary), island of India
• James Island, a name for Baffin Island used by 18th-century French cartographers

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