| 词条 | Mount Pleasant, South Carolina |
| 释义 |
| name = Mount Pleasant, South Carolina | official_name = Town of Mount Pleasant | settlement_type = Suburban town | image_skyline = BooneHall2.jpg | imagesize = 285px | image_caption = Boone Hall in Mount Pleasant | image_flag = | image_seal = Mount pleasant SC.png | nickname = | pushpin_map = USA South Carolina | pushpin_label_position = none | pushpin_mapsize = 285 | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Mount Pleasant in South Carolina | coordinates = {{coord|32|47|13|N|79|52|35|W|region:US-SC_type:city|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = United States | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_type2 = County | subdivision_name1 = South Carolina | subdivision_name2 = Charleston | established_date = | government_type = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Will Haynie | area_magnitude = 1 E8 | area_total_km2 = 136.2 | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_km2 = 116.8 | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_km2 = 19.5 | area_water_sq_mi = | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = 16 | population_total = 67843 | population_as_of = 2010 | population_footnotes = [1] | population_density_km2 = 581.0 | population_est = 81,317 | pop_est_as_of = 2015 | pop_est_footnotes = [1] | population_rank = US: 446th | postal_code_type = ZIP codes | postal_code = 29464-29466, 29429 | area_code = 843 | area_code_type = Area code | website = {{URL|www.tompsc.com}} | footnotes = | timezone = EST |utc_offset = −5 | timezone_DST = EDT |utc_offset_DST = −4 | blank_name = FIPS code | blank_info = 45-48535[2] | blank1_name = GNIS feature ID | blank1_info = 1224770[3] }}Mount Pleasant is a large suburban town in Charleston County, South Carolina, United States. It is the fourth largest municipality and largest town in South Carolina, and for several years was one of the state's fastest-growing areas, doubling in population between 1990 and 2000. The population was 67,843 at the 2010 census,.[4] The estimated population in 2014 was 77,796.[1] At the foot of the Arthur Ravenel Bridge is Patriots Point, a naval and maritime museum, home to the World War II aircraft carrier {{USS|Yorktown|CV-10|6}}, which is now a museum ship. The Ravenel Bridge, an eight-lane highway that was completed in 2005, spans the Cooper River and links Mount Pleasant with the city of Charleston.[5] HistoryThe site of Mount Pleasant was originally occupied by the Sewee people, an Algonquian language-speaking tribe. The first white settlers arrived from England on July 6, 1680, under the leadership of Captain Florentia O'Sullivan. Captain O'Sullivan had been granted {{convert|2340|acre|ha}}, which included not only the island that bears his name, but also the land that was to become Mount Pleasant. On the earliest map of the time this area was called "North Point".[6] In 1696, 51 new settlers arrived. Each family was allotted several hundred acres in the area that became known as Christ Church parish. In 1706 the Province of Carolina withstood several attacks by the Spanish and the French from their settlements to the south and were victorious in defeating French invaders in an area known as "Abcaw". The area of "Abcaw" was Hobcaw Plantation, located between Shem Creek and the Wando River. Later, it was also known as Shipyard Plantation. Its deep water and abundance of good timber made it ideal for the development of a prosperous shipbuilding enterprise. Lands adjacent to Hobcaw Point were owned at different times by several different families, many of which maintained ferries which served Mount Pleasant. By 1721, 107 families were living in Christ Church parish, including 400 whites and 637 slaves. As the area was developed for plantations, enslaved Africans and African Americans made up the chief labor force of the slave society. They and the following freedmen comprised a majority of the population through the 19th and early 20th centuries. In 1754, Charles Pinckney acquired a 715-acre plantation, cultivating the commodity crops of rice and indigo. It became known as Snee Farm near here. His son Charles retained the plantation until 1817. It was operated as a plantation through the 19th century. On September 24, 1860, a public meeting was held in Mount Pleasant; it resulted in the first secession resolution passed in the state. The secession convention met in Charleston on December 20, 1860. With the advent of the Civil War, Battery Guerry and an adjacent floating battery between Mount Pleasant and Sullivan's Island were instrumental in defense of the city. They were also bases for attacks on Fort Sumter. The city was defended by a line of fortifications from Elliot's Creek at Boone Hall to Copahee Sound. Mount Pleasant was the secret training ground for the nine-man crew of the Confederate submarine {{ship||H. L. Hunley|submarine|2}}, H.L. Hunley. This small vessel was launched from Breach Inlet in 1864 to attack and sink the {{USS|Housatonic|1861|6}}. The original plank-and-barrel footbridge, later known as the Pitt Street Bridge at the foot of the Old Village area in Mount Pleasant, was used by the crew of the H.L. Hunley to cross to Breach Inlet to test the submarine. In 1899 the original wooden plank bridge was replaced by a trolley bridge. A generation later, in 1929 a steel drawbridge was built for vehicle access between Sullivan's Island and Mount Pleasant. The Pitt Street bridge was dismantled in 1945, but the remains can still be seen in the Intracostal Waterway. The area has been maintained since then as the Pickett Bridge Recreation Area.[7] It was named for Charleston doctor Otis Pickett. The "Old Village" is Mount Pleasant's oldest neighborhood; the oldest home, 111 Hibben Street (the Hibben House) was constructed in 1755 by Jacob Motte, a descendant of French Huguenots who had immigrated to South Carolina.[8] In the early 21st century, the Old Village is centered on the Pitt Street Shops at the northwestern end of the street. Among them is the Pitt Street Pharmacy, which was featured on the Food Network.[9] It has operated at this location for more than 60 years. As a result of emancipation after the Civil War, the numerous slaves were freed. Continuing their numerical dominance of the population, in 1875 African Americans made up 73% of the population in Charleston County.[10] Some of the freedmen developed Scanlonville, one of the first African-American communities to be formed after the Civil War in the Charleston area. It continues today as a neighborhood within Mount Pleasant. Robert Scanlon, a freedman carpenter, purchased the {{convert|614|acre|ha|adj=on}} property known as Remley's Plantation, bordering Charleston harbor along the Wando River in Mount Pleasant. Scanlon was the president and founder of the Charleston Land Company, formed by 100 poor local freedmen who pooled their resources and paid $10 per share, in order to purchase large tracts of land in the area. The Charleston Land Company divided this tract into smaller lots so that freedmen could have their own land. Remley's Plantation was divided into farm lots and city lots (which were smaller) to form the community of Scanlonville. The Charleston Land Company and Scanlonville are one of four known cooperative real estate development ventures among African-American freedmen after the Civil War. West of Scanlonville is Riverside, during the Jim Crow years of the 20th century known as the largest and oldest of five "black beaches" in Charleston County. It was established when public facilities were segregated under state law. Riverside officially opened in 1930 and featured a dance pavilion, athletics field, bathhouse, playground, and a boardwalk along the Wando River. Riverside Pavilion was the only venue where black city residents could see musical legends such as Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Louis Armstrong, B.B. King, and Ivory Joe Hunter. Music performances at the Pavilion spawned juke joints, or night clubs, in Scanlonville and eventually a hotel called White's Paradise. James Brown was known to have frequented this hotel. After the original park owner died in 1975, operations of the Riverside property were taken over by Charleston County. It eventually sold the property to a real estate company, which developed this area as a private gated community. Public access to the waterfront ended.[11] On September 21, 1989, Mount Pleasant was hit by Hurricane Hugo, a Category Four hurricane. While the town was spared from the worst of the storm (Category 4 conditions were suffered by areas further north of the city), the town and its neighboring barrier islands were still hard-hit. Children who lived through the storm were featured in an early episode of Nickelodeon's Nick News, along with children from Hurricane Andrew. Development continued. A year after the storm, more people moved to the area, and the town had its largest growth spurt. It increased from a population of roughly 23,000 in 1990 to one of roughly 47,000 in 2000. Mount Pleasant is separated from Charleston by the Cooper River. For many years, the town was populated largely on a seasonal basis by Charleston residents wealthy enough to afford summer homes across the river from the Charleston peninsula. The population of Mount Pleasant was centered in "Old Village".[6] The county seat for Berkeley County was located in Mount Pleasant from 1882 until 1895, when it was moved to Moncks Corner. In 1928, a bridge from the Charleston Peninsula to Mount Pleasant was built. Spanning Town Creek and the Cooper River, and crossing the uninhabited Drum Island, the two-lane Grace Memorial Bridge was opened as a toll bridge. A second and larger bridge, the Silas N. Pearman Bridge, opened in 1966. On July 16, 2005, the eight-lane Arthur Ravenel Bridge opened for automotive traffic, replacing the two aging bridges. It is one of the longest cable-stayed bridges in the Western Hemisphere. A week before the new bridge officially opened, pedestrians were allowed to cross the bridge, and commemorative coins were distributed. Also, a fireworks display was a part of the ceremonies leading up to the opening of the bridge. Several cars from the same time period as the Grace Memorial Bridge, including several restored Model A Fords, made a final crossing of the old bridges.[6] The remaining portions of the old bridges were demolished. Local residents watched as the bridges were demolished by explosives over several weeks, through the summer of 2006. In 2004, Mount Pleasant became one of the first municipalities in the United States to pass a "pay-before-you-pump" gas ordinance. It was intended to reduce stealing of gas that had accompanied rising prices.[12] The Auld Mound, Buzzard's Island Site, Christ Church, Cook's Old Field Cemetery, Long Point Plantation (38CH321), Lucas Family Cemetery, Mount Pleasant Historic District, Oakland Plantation House, Old Berkeley County Courthouse, Paul Pritchard Shipyard, Remley Point Cemetery, Slave Street, Smokehouse, and Allee, Boone Hall Plantation, Charles Pinckney National Historic Site, USS Clamagore (SS-343), USS Laffey (DD-724), and USS Yorktown (CV-10) are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[13] GeographyMount Pleasant is located in central Charleston County at {{Coord|32|49|23|N|79|50|44|W}} (32.823189, -79.845477), on the east side of Charleston Harbor and the tidal Wando River. It is bordered to the south by the city of Sullivan's Island and to the west and northwest, across the harbor and river, by the city of Charleston. Over time, the town limits have pushed northeastward from the Old Village area {{convert|24|mi}} along U.S. Route 17, nearly as far as Awendaw. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of {{convert|136.2|km2|order=flip}}, of which {{convert|116.8|km2|order=flip}} is land and {{convert|19.5|km2|order=flip}}, or 14.30%, is water.[4] AirportThe town of Mount Pleasant is served by the Charleston International Airport. It is located in the City of North Charleston and is about {{convert|12|mi|km}} northwest of Mount Pleasant. It is the busiest passenger airport in South Carolina {{airport codes|CHS|KCHS}}. The airport shares runways with the adjacent Charleston Air Force Base. Mount Pleasant Regional Airport also known as "Faison Field" and LRO, is a public airport located within the town limits {{convert|9|mi|km}} northeast of the central business district of Mount Pleasant. Both airports are owned and operated by the Charleston County Aviation Authority. Demographics{{US Census population|1880= 783 |1890= 1138 |1900= 2252 |1910= 1346 |1920= 1575 |1930= 1415 |1940= 1698 |1950= 1857 |1960= 5116 |1970= 6155 |1980= 14464 |1990= 30108 |2000= 47609 |2010= 67843 |estyear=2016 |estimate=84170 |estref=[14] |align-fn=center |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[15] 2014 Estimate[1] }} As of the census of 2010,[2] there were 67,843 people, 19,025 households, and 12,860 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,136.5 people per square mile (438.8/km²). There were 20,197 housing units at an average density of 482.1 per square mile (186.2/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 90.17% White, 7.25% African American, 0.17% Native American, 1.18% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.39% from other races, and 0.82% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.33% of the population. There were 19,025 households out of which 33.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.9% were married couples living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.4% were non-families. 24.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.99. In the town, the age distribution of the population shows 25.1% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 35.3% from 25 to 44, 22.8% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.0 males. For every 100 adult females, there were 88.3 adult males. The median income for a household in the town was $61,054, and the median income for a family was $71,165. Males had a median income of $50,673 versus $31,640 for females. The per capita income for the city was $30,823. About 3.2% of families and 5.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.3% of those under age 18 and 6.6% of those age 65 or over. Broadcast televisionThese TV stations have studios in and broadcast from Mount Pleasant:
GovernmentThe Town of Mt. Pleasant is run by an elected mayor–council government. The town council is composed of the mayor (Will Haynie) and eight at-large council members (Bob Brimmer, Joe Bustos, Kevin Cunnane, Kathy Landing, Tom O’Rouke, Jim Owens, Gary Santos, G.M. Whitley). The appointed town administrator is Eric DeMoura.[16] Public safetyFire and emergency servicesThe Mount Pleasant Fire Department has provided fire suppression and emergency services since 1837, initially as a volunteer agency, and today as a full-time fire department. Today, the fire department has 118 paid personnel augmented by 15 volunteers. It is internationally accredited by the Commission on Fire Accreditation International (CFAI). The Mt. Pleasant Fire Department was originally accredited in 2001 becoming the first accredited fire department in the state of South Carolina. Firefighters work twenty-four-hour rotating shifts. The corporate area and its surroundings are served by seven strategically located fire stations. The fire department administrative office is located within the City Municipal Complex. Mount Pleasant fire stations are staffed daily by 33 personnel. In 2007, under the supervision of Chief Herb Williams and Captain Robert Wronski, the Mount Pleasant Fire Department established a "Paramedic Engine" program, in which firefighters trained as Paramedics will carry the same equipment on the fire engines as in the ambulances. Currently, all engines in Mt Pleasant are now operating as "Paramedic Engines". This means in the event Charleston County EMS is delayed, the Mount Pleasant Fire Department will be able to provide life-saving procedures until the ambulance arrives. PoliceThe Mount Pleasant Police Department, a 2006 CALEA Flagship Award recipient,[17] employs 132 sworn officers and 43 civilian personnel, serving the entire municipal population. The police department, which is a nationally accredited agency, sanctioned by the Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies, has adopted the problem-oriented policing philosophy of service delivery, which requires officers to work together with citizens to identify community problems, determine the underlying cause, and develop solutions which address these causes in order to resolve the problem. Led by Chief Carl Ritchie, the police response time to the majority of the calls for service beats the national average. The department has divided the Town of Mount Pleasant, which encompasses {{convert|52|sqmi|km2|0}}, into eight patrol neighborhoods. Each patrol neighborhood is assigned to a specific officer on each shift, who is responsible for maintaining protection and problem resolution on a continuing basis. The Mount Pleasant Police Department was featured in the November 1996 issue of Good Housekeeping as one of the Top Eight Suburban Police Departments in the nation.{{Citation needed|date=September 2010}} Climate{{Weather box|location = Mt. Pleasant, South Carolina (Airport), 1981–2010 normals |single line = Y |Jan high F = 59.0 |Feb high F = 62.8 |Mar high F = 69.6 |Apr high F = 76.5 |May high F = 83.2 |Jun high F = 88.4 |Jul high F = 91.1 |Aug high F = 89.6 |Sep high F = 84.9 |Oct high F = 77.1 |Nov high F = 69.8 |Dec high F = 61.6 |year high F= 76.1 |Jan low F = 38.1 |Feb low F = 41.2 |Mar low F = 47.2 |Apr low F = 53.8 |May low F = 62.4 |Jun low F = 70.2 |Jul low F = 73.6 |Aug low F = 72.9 |Sep low F = 67.8 |Oct low F = 57.3 |Nov low F = 48.1 |Dec low F = 40.6 |year low F= 56.1 |Jan precipitation inch = 3.70 |Feb precipitation inch = 2.96 |Mar precipitation inch = 3.71 |Apr precipitation inch = 2.91 |May precipitation inch = 3.02 |Jun precipitation inch = 5.64 |Jul precipitation inch = 6.52 |Aug precipitation inch = 7.15 |Sep precipitation inch = 6.10 |Oct precipitation inch = 3.75 |Nov precipitation inch = 2.43 |Dec precipitation inch = 3.11 |year precipitation inch= 50.99 |precipitation colour = green |Jan snow inch = 0.1 |Feb snow inch = 0.2 |Mar snow inch = 0 |Apr snow inch = 0 |May snow inch = 0 |Jun snow inch = 0 |Jul snow inch = 0 |Aug snow inch = 0 |Sep snow inch = 0 |Oct snow inch = 0 |Nov snow inch = 0 |Dec snow inch = 0.3 |year snow inch= 0.6 |Jan precipitation days = 9.5 |Feb precipitation days = 8.6 |Mar precipitation days = 7.9 |Apr precipitation days = 7.7 |May precipitation days = 7.8 |Jun precipitation days = 11.9 |Jul precipitation days = 13.0 |Aug precipitation days = 13.2 |Sep precipitation days = 10.0 |Oct precipitation days = 7.3 |Nov precipitation days = 7.0 |Dec precipitation days = 8.7 |unit precipitation days = 0.01 in |Jan snow days = 0.1 |Feb snow days = 0.1 |Mar snow days = 0 |Apr snow days = 0 |May snow days = 0 |Jun snow days = 0 |Jul snow days = 0 |Aug snow days = 0 |Sep snow days = 0 |Oct snow days = 0 |Nov snow days = 0 |Dec snow days = 0.2 |unit snow days = 0.1 in |Jan sun = 179.8 |Feb sun = 189.3 |Mar sun = 244.9 |Apr sun = 276.0 |May sun = 294.5 |Jun sun = 279.0 |Jul sun = 288.3 |Aug sun = 257.3 |Sep sun = 219.0 |Oct sun = 223.2 |Nov sun = 189.0 |Dec sun = 170.5 |source 1 = NOAA,[18] HKO (sun only, 1961–1990)[19] |date=February 2012 }} Notable people
SchoolsMount Pleasant's public schools are part of the Charleston County School District.[20] Elementary schools (public)
Middle schools (public)
Both Laing Middle School and Moultrie Middle School served as the town's high schools before Wando High School was built in 1973. High schools (public)
Private schools
County parksThe Charleston County Park and Recreation Commission (CCPRC) operates numerous facilities within Charleston County. The following are in Mount Pleasant.[21]
ShoppingMount Pleasant is growing in commercial retail stores, boutiques, including:
References1. ^1 2 {{cite web| title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014 (PEPANNRES): South Carolina Incorporated Places | url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/PEP/2014/PEPANNRES/0400000US45.16200| publisher=United States Census Bureau| accessdate=June 29, 2015}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2011-05-14|title=American FactFinder}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=2007-10-25}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web| url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US4548535| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Census Summary File 1 (G001): Mount Pleasant city, South Carolina| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| accessdate=June 29, 2015}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://thepulsecharleston.com/the-lowcountry/mt-pleasant/|title=The Pulse Real Estate Charleston, SC » Mt. Pleasant|work=thepulsecharleston.com}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.charlestonboattours-agile.com/water-tours/mt-pleasant/|title=Mt. Pleasant|work=Charleston Private Boat Tours}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Crisp, Adam. Otis Picket Bridge Recreation Area (Pitt Street Bridge)|url=http://mountpleasant-sc.patch.com/listings/otis-picket-bridge-recreation-area-pitt-street-bridge|publisher=mountpleasant-sc.patch.com|accessdate=8 February 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130213222604/http://mountpleasant-sc.patch.com/listings/otis-picket-bridge-recreation-area-pitt-street-bridge|archivedate=13 February 2013|df=}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Eddleman, Joe. A Survey of Historic Homes & Building in the Old Village of Mt. Pleasant, SC|url=http://www.mountpleasantrecreation.com/old-village-of-mount-pleasant-historical-survey|publisher=mountpleasant-sc.patch.com|accessdate=8 February 2013}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=Brown, Alton. The South Shall Fry Again, Episode AB0101 |url=http://www.foodnetwork.com/local/sc-mt-pleasant/pitt-street-pharmacy-restaurant/index.html#/38.736171/-97.222306/4/|publisher=foodnetwork.com|accessdate=29 July 2006}} 10. ^[https://www.jstor.org/stable/27567894 Melinda Meeks Hennessy, "Racial Violence During Reconstruction: The 1876 Riots in Charleston and Cainhoy"], South Carolina Historical Magazine, Vol. 86, No. 2, (April 1985), 104-106 {{subscription required|via JSTOR}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.tompsc.com/index.aspx?NID=295|title=Scanlonville|work=Mount Pleasant, SC }} 12. ^{{Cite news| url= http://www.rutlandherald.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20050605/NEWS/506050315/1011 | title= Rising gas prices mean more thievery at pumps | date= June 5, 2005 | work= Rutland Herald | accessdate= 2008-01-17}} 13. ^{{NRISref|version=2010a}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=February 17, 2015}} 16. ^{{cite web|title=City Administrator|url=http://www.cityofmountpleasant.com/index.aspx?nid=100|publisher=Town of Mount Pleasant|accessdate=January 2, 2015}} 17. ^{{cite web|title=Calea Flagship Agency Program|url=http://www.calea.org/Online/Awards/flagship.htm|publisher=calea.org|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090624211221/http://www.calea.org/Online/Awards/flagship.htm|archivedate=24 June 2009}} 18. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.nws.noaa.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=chs |title = NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate = February 12, 2012}} 19. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/n_america/us/charleston_sc_e.htm | title = Climatological Normals of Charleston, South Carolina | accessdate = June 9, 2010 | publisher = Hong Kong Observatory}} 20. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.ccsdschools.com/districts.cfm?subject_id=2&district=2#2 |publisher=Charleston County School District |title=Schools directory |accessdate=2008-01-17 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070829132816/http://www.ccsdschools.com/districts.cfm?subject_id=2&district=2 |archivedate=2007-08-29 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ccprc.com|title=Charleston County Parks and Recreation - Official Website|work=ccprc.com}}
External links{{commons category}}
5 : Mount Pleasant, South Carolina|Towns in Charleston County, South Carolina|Towns in South Carolina|Charleston–North Charleston–Summerville metropolitan area|Populated coastal places in South Carolina |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。