| 词条 | Panchadasi |
| 释义 |
| name = Panchdasi पंचदशी | image = | caption = | author = Vidyaranya विद्यारण्य | title_orig = | translator = | illustrator = | cover_artist = | country = India | language = Sanskrit | series = | subject = Philosophy | genre = Vedanta | publisher = | publisher2 = | pub_date = | english_pub_date = | media_type = | pages = | awards = | oclc = | dewey = | congress = | preceded_by = | followed_by = }}{{Hinduism}}Panchadasi or Panchadashi ( Devanagari: पंचदशी IAST paṃcadaśī) is a simple yet comprehensive manual of Advaita Vedanta (अद्वैत वेदान्त, advaita vedānta) written in the fourteenth century A.D (1386-1391) by Vidyaranya (विद्यारण्य), previously known as Madhavacharya (माधवाचार्य).[1][2][3][4] There is a view among teachers of philosophy that the later portions of this work were written by Bharatitirtha.[5] Pancha (पंच) is five and dasi (दशी) is ten, are the total fifteen chapters divided into three quintets the three aspects of Brahman, Sat (सत, Truth), Chit (चित, Consciousness) and Ananda (आनंद, Bliss) aspects of Reality. It elaborates Advaita (अद्वैत,non dual), Consciousness, Jiva, Maya, Prakriti (प्रकृति, prakṛti, Nature[5]), Mahat (universal mind), Buddhi (Intellect), Ahamkara (Ego), Avidya (Ignorance), and ananda (Bliss).[6] DatingPanchdasi was written during the later year of Vidyaranya's life around 1386 AD.[4][7] About Vidyaranya{{Main|Vidyaranya}}Vidyaranya was born around 1300 A.D. in Shalivahan (शालिवाहन) South India. Madhava Madhavacharya, Madhavamantri, Madhavamataya were the names which Vidyaranya was known before his turning into recluse.[4][8]His father was Mayana (मायण) and Mother Srimati (श्रीमती), two brothers Sayana (सायण),[9] and Bhogantha (भोगनाथ). He had two Gurus Sarvagyvishnu (सर्वज्ञविष्णु) and Bhartiteerth (भारतीतीर्थ). He established Vijayanagar Empire in 1335 AD with the help of Hukkayaray and Bukkaray. He was also Prime Minister of the Vijayanagar empire. Vidyaranya, was also the spiritual head of Sringeri Math in 1377 A.D to 1386 A.D. He died in 1391 AD.[4] Vidyaranya, who was the spiritual head of Sringeri Math in 1377 A.D to 1386 A.D., and also wrote Drk-Drsya-Viveka, Sarvadarsana Samgraha, Sri Sankara Digvijaya, Jivanmukti Viveka, Anubhuti Prakasa, Vivaranaprameyasamgraha and Upanishad Dipika[10] has been identified with Sayanacharya, the commentator on the Vedas, whose brother he most likely was.[11]He was closely connected with the foundation of Vijaynagar kingdom.[12][13] He was the minister of Bukka-devaraya of the Yadava Dynasty of Karnataka, his younger brother was Sayana,[14] and Bhogantha, father was Mayana and Mother Srimati. He had two Gurus Sarvavishnu and Bhartiteerth. He died in 1391 AD.[4] ThemeThe Panchadasi is a basic text which introduces into central doctrine of Advaita Vedantic philosophy. Deeper concepts are dealt in more advanced treatise the Upanishads, the Brahmasutras and the Bhagavadgita. The purpose of the life is the realization of the experience of Absolute Existence, which is the highest fulfillment all the aspirations of the whole of creation.[5] Panchdasi as the name suggest this text, "consisting of 15 Chapters grouped into three quintads. This is very much like the three aspects of Brahman – sat (existence), cit (consciousness) and ananda (bliss), respectively.
Vidyaranya has succeeded in an eminent way in setting forth the essentials of Advaita which holds that the direct means to release is the path of knowledge (jnana), and as moksa is the very nature of the Self, it is not an experience which is to be brought about through works (karma) ".[15][16] Content[17]Viveka-panchaka (विवेक-पचंक)Chapter 1 Tatvaviveka (तत्वविवेकप्रकरणम्) – The discriminative knowledge of the ultimate Reality (main article Tatvaviveka) Chapter 2 Mahabhutaviveka (महाभूतविवेकप्रकरणम्) – The discriminative knowledge of the five elements Chapter 3 Panchakosaviveka (पन्चकोशविवेकप्रकरणम्) – The discrimination of the five sheaths Chapter 4 Dvaitaviveka (द्वैतविवेकप्रकरणम्) – Discrimination of Duality Chapter 5 Mahavakyavivekaya (महावाक्यविवे)कयप्रकरणम्) – Understanding the import of the Mahavakyas Dipa-panchaka (दीप-पचंक)Chapter 6 Chitradeepa (चित्रदीपप्रकरणम्) – The Picture on Pure Consciousness Chapter 7 Triptidipa (तिृप्तिदीपप्रकरणम्) – Fulfillment on Realization of Pure Consciousness Chapter 8 Kutasthadipa (कूटस्थदीपप्रकरणम्) – The Immutable Consciousness Chapter 9 Dhyanadeepa (ध्यानदीपप्रकरणम्) – Meditation on pure Consciousness Chapter 10 Natakadipa (नाटकदीपप्रकरणम्) – The lamp of the theatre Ananda-panchaka (आनन्द-पचंक)Chapter 11 Yogananda (योगानन्दप्रकरणम्) - The Bliss Of Yoga Chapter 12 Atmananda (आत्मानन्दप्रकरणम्) - The Bliss of the Self Chapter 13 Advaitananda (अद्वैतानन्दप्रकरणम्) - The Bliss of Non-Duality Chapter 14 Vidyananda (विद्यानन्दप्रकरणम्) - The Bliss of Knowledge Chapter 15 Vishayananda (विषयानन्दप्रकरणम्) - The happiness from external objects See also
References1. ^{{cite book|title=The Essential Vedanta: A new source book of Advaita Vedanta|author=Ed. Eliot Deutsch, Rohit Dalvi|publisher=World Wisdom, Inc|pages=353–359|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VIc6AdO07-IC&pg=PA353&dq=Panchadasi+of+Vidyaranya&hl=en&sa=X&ei=LsmtUI3eIc2xrAfRlYCoDg&sqi=2&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Panchadasi%20of%20Vidyaranya&f=false}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.advaita.org.uk/discourses/s_n_sastri/panch_intro.htm|title = Panchadasi Introduction|date = |access-date = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }} 3. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.sanskrit.nic.in/digitalbook/p/panchadashi.pdf|title = Panchadasi|date = |access-date = 27 January 2016|website = Digital Books|publisher = Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan, New Delhi|last = |first = }} 4. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite book|title = Panchadasi|last = Vidyabhaskar|first = Ramavatar|publisher = Krishnakumar Sharma, PO. Ratangarh, Dist. Bijnore, Uttar Pradesh|year = |isbn = |location = |pages = |url = https://archive.org/details/Panchadasi.by.Vidyaranya.Swami.Hindi|language = Hindi}} 5. ^{{Cite web|title = Monier Williams Online 2011|url = http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/monier/webtc5/index.php|website = www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de|access-date = 2016-02-02}} 6. ^{{Cite web|title = Panchadasi|url = http://www.bhagavadgitausa.com/Panchadasi.htm|website = www.bhagavadgitausa.com|access-date = 2016-01-29}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url = http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/005776836|title = Panchadasi of Vidyaranya; with English translation, explanatory notes and summary of each chapter by M. Srinivasa Rau ... and K.A. Krishnaswamy Aiyar|date = |access-date = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }} 8. ^{{Cite book|title = A Handbook of Hindu Panteism. The Panchdasi of Sreemut Swami|last = Dhole|first = Nandalal|publisher = Heeralal Dhole Musjid Bari Street Calcutta|year = 1899|isbn = |location = http://www.forgottenbooks.com/books/A_Hand-Book_of_Hindu_Pantheism_v1_1000019831|pages = |volume = 1|date = |edition = 2013}} 9. ^{{cite book|title = Encyclopaedia of Ancient Indian Geography Vol.2|author = Subodh Kapoor|publisher = Genesis Publishing (P) Ltd.|page = 620|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=8897ridkczoC&pg=PA620&dq=Panchadasi+of+Vidyaranya&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2detULaUE8ytrAeBxYCwCA&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Panchadasi%20of%20Vidyaranya&f=false}} 10. ^{{cite book|title=Pancadasi of Sri Vidyaranya Swami|author=Swami Swahananda|publisher=Sri Ramakrishna Math|url=http://www.supatha.in/index.php/panchadashi-of-sri-vidyaranya-swami.html}} 11. ^{{cite book|title=Panchadasi: A treatise on Advaita metaphysics|author=Madhava|publisher=Shanti Sadan|edition=1956|page=3,4,6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZHZQAQAAIAAJ&q=Panchadasi&dq=Panchadasi&hl=en&sa=X&ei=rMKtUOOqLYTwrQegmYCAAQ&redir_esc=y}} 12. ^{{cite book|title=A comprehensive history of Medieval India |author=Farooqi Salma Ahmed|publisher=Pearson Education India|page=143|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sxhAtCflwOMC&pg=PA143&dq=Panchadasi+of+Vidyaranya&hl=en&sa=X&ei=XNKtUOieKc_qrQfP_YCoBA&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Panchadasi%20of%20Vidyaranya&f=false}} 13. ^{{cite book|title=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bombay Vol.22|page=370|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cjuui_eqDykC&q=Panchadasi+of+Vidyaranya&dq=Panchadasi+of+Vidyaranya&hl=en&sa=X&ei=39atUKHeIcHUrQfUgoD4BA&redir_esc=y}} 14. ^{{cite book|title=Encyclopaedia of Ancient Indian Geography Vol.2|author=Subodh Kapoor|publisher=Genesis Publishing (P) Ltd.|page=620|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8897ridkczoC&pg=PA620&dq=Panchadasi+of+Vidyaranya&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2detULaUE8ytrAeBxYCwCA&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Panchadasi%20of%20Vidyaranya&f=false}} 15. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book|title=The philosophy of the Panchadasi|author=Swami Krishnananda|publisher=Divine Life Society|edition=1982|page=iii|url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=rMKtUOOqLYTwrQegmYCAAQ&id=TRAzAAAAMAAJ&dq=Panchadasi&q=Vidyaranya#search_anchor}} 16. ^{{cite book|title=Pancadasi of Sri Vidyaranya Swami|author=Swami Swahananda|publisher=Sri Ramakrishna Math|page=ix,xvii|url=http://www.supatha.in/index.php/panchadashi-of-sri-vidyaranya-swami.html}} 17. ^http://sanskritdocuments.org/sites/snsastri/panchadasi.html External linksTexts and Commentaries
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